Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Volume 43(6); November 2010

Reviews

Prevention in the United States Affordable Care Act.: Charles M Preston, Miriam Alexander; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):455-458.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.455

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The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law on March 23, 2010 and will fundamentally alter health care in the United States for years to come. The US is currently one of the only industrialized countries without universal health insurance. The new law expands existing public insurance for the poor. It also provides financial credits to low income individuals and some small businesses to purchase health insurance. By government estimates, the law will bring insurance to 30 million people. The law also provides for a significant new investment in prevention and wellness. It appropriates an unprecedented $15 billion in a prevention and public health fund, to be disbursed over 10 years, as well as creates a national prevention council to oversee the government's prevention efforts. This paper discusses 3 major prevention provisions in the legislation: 1) the waiving of cost-sharing for clinical preventive services, 2) new funding for community preventive services, and 3) new funding for workplace wellness programs. The paper examines the scientific evidence behind these provisions as well as provides examples of some model programs. Taken together, these provisions represent a significant advancement for prevention in the US health care system, including a shift towards healthier environments. However, in this turbulent economic and political environment, there is a real threat that much of the law, including the prevention provisions, will not receive adequate funding.

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Lifestyle and Cancer Risk.: Elisabete Weiderpass; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):459-471.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.459

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The main behavioural and environmental risk factors for cancer mortality in the world are related to diet and physical inactivity, use of addictive substances, sexual and reproductive health, exposure to air pollution and use of contaminated needles. The population attributable fraction for all cancer sites worldwide considering the joint effect of these factors is about 35% (34 % for low-and middle-income countries and 37% for high-income countries). Seventy-one percent(71%) of lung cancer deaths are caused by tobacco use (lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally). The combined effects of tobacco use, low fruit and vegetable intake, urban air pollution, and indoor smoke from household use of solid fuels cause 76% of lung cancer deaths. Exposure to these behavioural and environmental factors is preventable; modifications in lifestyle could have a large impact in reducing the cancer burden worldwide (WHO, 2009). The evidence of association between lifestyle factors and cancer, as well as the main international recommendations for prevention are briefly reviewed and commented upon here.

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Global Networking of Cancer and NCD Professionals Using Internet Technologies: The Supercourse and mHealth Applications.: Faina Linkov, Nicolas Padilla, Eugene Shubnikov, Ronald LaPorte; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):472-478.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.472

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Abstract PDF

Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world. Education is at the core of cancer prevention activities, especially programs targeting empowering existing public health workforce. In the past 10 years, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have been building the Global Health Network Supercourse project, a library of over 4500 online lectures and a network of nearly 50000 public health professionals in 174 countries. As of November, 2010, the overall number of Supercourse participants from Asia exceeds 7000 participants. The Supercourse network has been investigating methods for Internet based recruitment of cancer prevention professionals in order to network cancer experts locally and globally, including the use of mHealth technologies for cancer research education and for NCD registries. Supercourse is a tool that can offer a solution to the challenges of information sharing, especially in the field of NCDs and cancer. In this paper, we highlight the need for the development of Cancer Supercourse with Satellite in Asia and encourage faculty members from Asia to join the network.

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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Reliability and Data Integration of Duplicated Test Results Using Two Bioelectrical Impedence Analysis Machines in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.: Boyoung Park, Jae Jeong Yang, Ji Hyun Yang, Jimin Kim, Lisa Y Cho, Daehee Kang, Chol Shin, Young Seoub Hong, Bo Youl Choi, Sung Soo Kim, Man Suck Park, Sue K Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):479-485.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.479

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a multicenter-based multi-cohort study, has collected information on body composition using two different bioelectrical impedence analysis (BIA) machines. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of whether the test values measured from different BIA machines can be integrated through statistical adjustment algorithm under excellent inter-rater reliability. METHODS: We selected two centers to measure inter-rater reliability of the two BIA machines. We set up the two machines side by side and measured subjects' body compositions between October 2007 and December 2007. Duplicated test values of 848 subjects were collected. Pearson and intra-class correlation coefficients for inter-rater reliability were estimated using results from the two machines. To detect the feasibility for data integration, we constructed statistical compensation models using linear regression models with residual analysis and R-square values. RESULTS: All correlation coefficients indicated excellent reliability except mineral mass. However, models using only duplicated body composition values for data integration were not feasible due to relatively low R2 values of 0.8 for mineral mass and target weight. To integrate body composition data, models adjusted for four empirical variables that were age, sex, weight and height were most ideal (all R2>0.9). CONCLUSIONS: The test values measured with the two BIA machines in the KoGES have excellent reliability for the nine body composition values. Based on reliability, values can be integrated through algorithmic statistical adjustment using regression equations that includes age, sex, weight, and height.

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Nutritional Consequences and Management After Gastrectomy
Jae-Moon Bae
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Association Between Meat Consumption and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Korean Adults with Metabolic Syndrome.: Sun Min Oh, Hyeon Chang Kim, Song Vogue Ahn, Hye Jin Chi, Il Suh; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):486-495.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.486

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The effect of meat consumption on cardiometabolic risk has been continuously studied, but their associations are not conclusive. The aim of this study is to examine the association between the consumption of meat or red meat and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in healthy Korean adults. METHODS: This study evaluated 2374 community-dwelling adults (933 men and 1441 women) who were free of cardiovascular disease or cancer, living in a rural area in Korea. Total meat and red meat intakes were assessed with a validated 103 item-food frequency questionnaire. Carotid IMT was evaluated ultrasonographically, IMTmax was defined as the highest value among IMT of bilateral common carotid arteries. RESULTS: After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the mean IMTmax tended to increase in higher meat consumption groups in both men and women with metabolic syndrome (p for trend= 0.027 and 0.049, respectively), but not in participants without metabolic syndrome. Frequent meat consumption (> or =5 servings/week) was significantly associated with higher IMTmax in men with metabolic syndrome (by 0.08 mm, p=0.015). Whereas, the association was not significant in women (by 0.05 mm, p=0.115). Similar but attenuated findings were shown with red meat intake. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a higher meat consumption may be associated with a higher carotid IMT in Korean adults with metabolic syndrome. The frequent meat consumption (> or =5 servings/week), compared with the others, was associated with a higher carotid IMTmax only in men with metabolic syndrome. Further research is required to explore optimal meat consumption in people with specific medical conditions.

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English Abstracts

The Effect of Outpatient Cost Sharing on Health Care Utilization of the Elderly.: Myunghwa Kim, Soonman Kwon; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):496-504.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.496

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OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of outpatient cost-sharing on health care utilization by the elderly. METHODS: The data in this analysis was the health insurance claims data between July 1999 and December 2008 (114 months). The study group was divided into two age groups, namely 60-64 years old and 65-69 years old. This study evaluated the impact of policy change on office visits, the office visits per person, and the percentage of the copayment-paid visits in total visits. Interrupted time series and segmented regression model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that outpatient cost-sharing decreased office visits, but it also decreased the percentage of copayment-paid visits, implying that the intensity of care increased. There was little difference in the results between the two age groups. But after the introduction of the coinsurance system for those patients under age 65, office visits and the percentage of copayment-paid visits decreased, and the 60-64 years old group had a larger decrease than the 65-69 years old group. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the effects of outpatient cost-sharing on health care utilization by the aged. Cost sharing of the elderly had little effect on controlling health care utilization.

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Jun Su Park, Bomgyeol Kim, Yejin Kim, Sang Gyu Lee, Tae Hyun Kim
Chronic Respiratory Disease.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The short-term effects of fixed copayment policy on elderly health spending and service utilization: evidence from South Korea’s age-based policy using exact date of birth
SeungHoon Han, Hosung Sohn
International Journal of Health Economics and Management.2023; 23(2): 255. CrossRef
Analysis of Healthcare Utilization for Primary Dysmenorrhea in Korea: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study
Jinhun Park, Yu-Cheol Lim, Deok-Sang Hwang, In-Hyuk Ha, Ye-Seul Lee
International Journal of Women's Health.2022; Volume 14: 1015. CrossRef
Increase in Potential Low-value Magnetic Resonance Imaging Utilization Due to Out-of-pocket Payment Reduction Across Income Groups in Korea: An Experimental Vignette Study
Yukyung Shin, Ji-su Lee, Young Kyung Do
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2022; 55(4): 389. CrossRef
Changes in Pattern of the Medical Care Use of Outpatient With Mental Disorder According to Medical Coverage Types and Medical Payment System
Ji-Woo Kim, Rye-Mi Ye, Myeng-hwa Kim, Dong Yun Lee
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2022; 61(3): 150. CrossRef
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Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2022; 46(4): 192. CrossRef
Impact of reimbursement rates on the length of stay in tertiary public hospitals: a retrospective cohort study in Shenzhen, China
Jie Ning, Lingrui Liu, Emily Cherlin, Yarui Peng, Jingkai Yue, Haoling Xiong, Hongbing Tao
BMJ Open.2020; 10(11): e040066. CrossRef
Who Benefits from the Fixed Copayment of Medical and Pharmaceutical Expenditure among the Korean Elderly?
Eunja Park, Sookja Choi
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(21): 8118. CrossRef
Effects of the Out-of-pocket Payment Exemption in the Public Health Center on Medical Utilization of the Korean Elderly
Kiryong Nam, Eunhye Park, Yuhjin Chung, Chang-yup Kim
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2020; 53(6): 455. CrossRef
The impact of change from copayment to coinsurance on medical care usage and expenditure in outpatient setting in older Koreans
Byoungjun Bae, Bo Ram Choi, Inmyung Song
The International Journal of Health Planning and Management.2018; 33(1): 235. CrossRef
Assessing quality of primary diabetes care in South Korea and Taiwan using avoidable hospitalizations
Hongsoo Kim, Shou-Hsia Cheng
Health Policy.2018; 122(11): 1222. CrossRef
The effect of increasing the coinsurance rate on outpatient utilization of healthcare services in South Korea
Hyo Jung Lee, Sung-In Jang, Eun-Cheol Park
BMC Health Services Research.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effect of Having Usual Source of Care on the Choice among Different Types of Medical Facilities
Doo Ri Kim
Health Policy and Management.2016; 26(3): 195. CrossRef
An evaluation on the effect of the copayment waiver policy for Korean hospitalized children under the age of six
Sook Young Kwak, Seok-Jun Yoon, In-Hwan Oh, Young-eun Kim
BMC Health Services Research.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
The effect of cost-sharing in private health insurance on the utilization of health care services between private insurance purchasers and non-purchasers: a study of the Korean health panel survey (2008–2012)
Young Choi, Jae-Hyun Kim, Ki-Bong Yoo, Kyoung Hee Cho, Jae-Woo Choi, Tae Hoon Lee, Woorim Kim, Eun-Cheol Park
BMC Health Services Research.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Analyses of Impacts of the Outpatient Cost Sharing Reduction based on the Difference-in-differences Model
Lee-Su Ahn
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2013; 13(11): 187. CrossRef
The Impact of Outpatient Coinsurance Rate Increase on Outpatient Healthcare Service Utilization in Tertiary and General Hospital
Hyo-Jeong Kim, Young-Hoon Kim, Han-Sung Kim, Jung-Sik Woo, Su-Jin Oh
Health Policy and Management.2013; 23(1): 19. CrossRef
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Boyoung Jeon, Soonman Kwon
Health Policy.2013; 113(1-2): 69. CrossRef
Use of Traditional Korean Medicine by Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders
Bo-Ram Wang, In Young Choi, Kwang-Jum Kim, Young Dae Kwon, C. Mary Schooling
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The Determinants of the Quality of Life and Pain of Back Pain Patients.: Jin gyu Lee, Kinam Jin; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):505-512.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.505

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OBJECTIVES
Because of the changing life style of Koreans, we have witnessed an increase of patients with back pain. The development of medical knowledge and technology has resulted in more numerous and better treatment methods. However, the outcomes of diverse treatments have been examined by using a few medicine-oriented measures like pain. This study aims at identifing the factors that influence the outcomes of back pain treatments by using two outcome measures (e.g., quality of life and pain). METHODS: We used the questionnaire survey method for data collection. The questionnaires contained 5 categories(treatment methods, clinical conditions, exercise, quality of life and, socio-demographic characteristics). We interviewed 188 back pain patients. We used the regression analysis method to predict the quality of life or pain. RESULTS: Surgery showed a statistically significant effect on the quality of life as well as pain. The illness period, age and exercise were turned out to be significant factors for both of the dependent variables. The social class and surgery methods showed a statistically significant effect solely on the quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: In choosing the surgical methods, doctors need to provide detailed explanations on the quality of life outcomes for each of the surgical methods to the patients.

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Factors Influencing on Quality of Life in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Convergence on the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms
Ji-Suk Kim, Young-Sook Seo
Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(4): 271. CrossRef
The Korean social life, health and aging project-health examination cohort
Ju-Mi Lee, Won Joon Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, Wungrak Choi, Jina Lee, Kiho Sung, Sang Hui Chu, Yeong-Ran Park, Yoosik Youm
Epidemiology and Health.2014; 36: e2014003. CrossRef
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms Related With Activities of Daily Living and Contributing Factors in Korean Adults
Kyusik Choi, Jae-Hyun Park, Hae-Kwan Cheong
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2013; 46(1): 39. CrossRef

Factors Influencing Utilization of Medical Care Among Osteoarthritis Patients in Korea: Using 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey Data.: Min Young Kim, Jong Ku Park, Sang Baek Koh, Chun Bae Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):513-522.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.513

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OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to define the association between the medical utilization of osteoarthritis patient and its related factors. METHODS: We used the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey data and we enrolled 2833 participants who were forty or older and who were diagnosed as having osteoarthritis by a doctor within 1 year and who had suffered from osteoarthritis for more than 3 months. The Andersen behavioral model was used as the analytic framework, and the variables were categorized into predisposing, enabling, and need factors. To determine the influence of each variable on the medical utilization of osteoarthritis patient, we applied hierarchical logistic regression analysis with two stages: the first stage included the predisposing and enabling factors and the second stage included the need factors. RESULTS: On the hierarchical logistic analysis, the variables of personal income, the type of medical security, the duration of arthritis related symptoms within 1 month, the subjective health status and the duration of osteoarthritis showed a statistically significant difference between whether the medical utilization in men patients. And the variables of age, limitation activity due to osteoarthritis, arthritis related symptoms within 1 month, and the subjective health status had a statistically significant difference between whether the medical utilization in women patients. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who tend to receive less care are those suffer less from symptoms of osteoarthritis, those who are within the initial phase, or those with a low-level severity of osteoarthritis. It is necessary to encourage patients to receive the treatment in the initial phase.

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Associations Between Fat Mass, Lean Mass, and Knee Osteoarthritis: The Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V)
Seong Rae Kim, Kyung-Hyun Choi, Go-Un Jung, Doosup Shin, Kyuwoong Kim, Sang Min Park
Calcified Tissue International.2016; 99(6): 598. CrossRef
Convergence analysis of determinants affecting on geographic variations in the prevalence of arthritis in Korean women using data mining
Yoo-Mi Kim, Sung-Hong Kang
Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(5): 277. CrossRef
The relative importance of perceived doctor’s attitude on the decision to consult for symptomatic osteoarthritis: a choice-based conjoint analysis study
Domenica Coxon, Martin Frisher, Clare Jinks, Kelvin Jordan, Zoe Paskins, George Peat
BMJ Open.2015; 5(10): e009625. CrossRef
Complementary and alternative medicine use of women with breast cancer: Self-help CAM attracts other women than guided CAM therapies
Deborah N.N. Lo-Fo-Wong, Adelita V. Ranchor, Hanneke C.J.M. de Haes, Mirjam A.G. Sprangers, Inge Henselmans
Patient Education and Counseling.2012; 89(3): 529. CrossRef

The Change in Readmission Rate, Length of Stay and Hospital Charge after Performance Reporting of Hip Hemiarthroplasty.: Won Mo Jang, Sang Jun Eun, Pilyoung Sagong, Chae Eun Lee, Moo Kyung Oh, Juhwan Oh, Yoon Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):523-534.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.523

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OBJECTIVES
We assessed impact of performance reporting information about the readmission rate, length of stay and cost of hip hemiarthroplasty. METHODS: The data are from a nationwide claims database, National Quality Improvement Project database, of Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service in Korea. From January 2006 to April 2008, we received information of length of stay, readmission within 30 days, cost of 22 851 hip hemiarthroplasty episodes. Each episodes has retained the diagnoses of comorbidities and demographics. We used time-series analysis to assess the shifting of patients selections, between high volume(over 16 operations in a year) and low volume institutions, after performance reporting (december 2007). The changes of quality (readmission, length of stay) and cost were evaluated by multilevel analysis with adjustment of patient's factors and institutional factors after performance reporting. RESULTS: As compared with the before performance reporting, the proportion of patients who choose the high volume institution, increased 3.45% and the trends continued 4 months at marginal significance (p=0.059). After performance reporting, national average readmission rate, length of stay were decreased by 0.49 OR (95% CI=0.25-0.95) and 10% (beta=-0.102 p<0.01) and cost was not changed (beta=-0.01, p<0.27). The high volume institutions were more decreased than low volume in length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: After performance reporting, readmission rate, length of stay were decreased and the patient selections were marginal shifted from low volume institutions to high volume institutions.

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The factors influencing variation by local areas in antibiotics prescription rate according to the public reporting
Yu-Jin Chun, Chang-Yup Kim
Health Policy and Management.2012; 22(3): 427. CrossRef

Reliability of Self-Reported Information by Farmers on Pesticide Use.: Yo Han Lee, Eun Shil Cha, Eun Kyeong Moon, Kyoung Ae Kong, Sang Baek Koh, Yun Keun Lee, Won Jin Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):535-542.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.535

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OBJECTIVES
Exposure assessment is a major challenge faced by studies that evaluate the association between pesticide exposure and adverse health outcomes. The objective of this study was to investigate the reliability of information that farmers self-report regarding their pesticide use. METHODS: Twenty five items based upon existing questionnaires were designed to focus on pesticide exposure. In 2009 a self-administrated survey was conducted on two occasions four weeks apart among 205 farmers residing in Gyeonggi and Gangwon provinces. For a reliability measure, we calculated the percentage agreement, the kappa statistics and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the two reports according to the characteristics of the subjects. RESULTS: Agreement for ever-never use of any pesticide was 96.4% (kappa 0.61). For both 'years used' and 'age at the first use' of overall pesticides, high agreement was obtained (ICC: 0.88 and, 0.78, respectively), whereas those of 'days used' and 'hours used' were relatively low (ICC: 0.42 and, 0.66, respectively). The kappa value for the use of personal protective equipment ranged from 0.46 to 0.59, and hygiene activities came out at 0.19 to 0.37. The agreement for individual pesticide use ranged widely and there was relatively low agreement due to the low response rates. The reliability scores did not significantly vary according to gender, age, the education level, the types of crop or the years of farming. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support that carefully designed, self-reported information on ever-never pesticide use among farmers is reliable. However, the reliability of data on individual pesticide exposure may be unstable due to low response rates and needs to be refined.

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Evaluation of two-year recall of self-reported pesticide exposure among Ugandan smallholder farmers
William Mueller, Aggrey Atuhaire, Ruth Mubeezi, Iris van den Brenk, Hans Kromhout, Ioannis Basinas, Kate Jones, Andrew Povey, Martie van Tongeren, Anne-Helen Harding, Karen S. Galea, Samuel Fuhrimann
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2022; 240: 113911. CrossRef
Recall of exposure in UK farmers and pesticide applicators: trends with follow-up time
William Mueller, Kate Jones, Hani Mohamed, Neil Bennett, Anne-Helen Harding, Gillian Frost, Andrew Povey, Ioannis Basinas, Hans Kromhout, Martie van Tongeren, Samuel Fuhrimann, Karen S Galea
Annals of Work Exposures and Health.2022; 66(6): 754. CrossRef
Increased risk of atherosclerosis associated with pesticide exposure in rural areas in Korea
Sungjin Park, Jung Ran Choi, Sung-Kyung Kim, Solam Lee, Kyungsuk Lee, Jang-Young Kim, Sung-Soo Oh, Sang-Baek Koh, Paula Boaventura
PLOS ONE.2020; 15(5): e0232531. CrossRef
Exposure to pesticides and the prevalence of diabetes in a rural population in Korea
Sungjin Park, Sung-Kyung Kim, Jae-Yeop Kim, Kyungsuk Lee, Jung Ran Choi, Sei-Jin Chang, Choon Hee Chung, Kyu-Sang Park, Sung-Soo Oh, Sang-Baek Koh
NeuroToxicology.2019; 70: 12. CrossRef
Reliability of self‐reported questionnaire on occupational radiation practices among diagnostic radiologic technologists
Moon Jung Kim, Eun Shil Cha, Yousun Ko, Byung Chul Chun, Won Jin Lee
American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2017; 60(4): 377. CrossRef
Comparison of Questionnaire Items Used to Evaluate the Level of Occupational and Environmental Exposure in Questionnaires for Epidemiological Studies
Jiyeon Lim, Hyung-Suk Yoon, Mansuk Park, Young Seoub Hong, Jong-Koo Lee, Se-Eun Oh, Daehee Kang, Kyoung-Mu Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2016; 42(2): 71. CrossRef
Symptom Prevalence and Work-related Risk Factors of Acute Pesticide Poisoning among Korean Farmers in Gyeong-gi Province
Hyang Seok Lee, Ji Hoon Lee, Soo Yong Roh, Ho Gil Kim, Kyung Jun Lee, Sun Ju Nam-gung, Soon Chan Kwon, Soo Jin Lee
Journal of agricultural medicine and community health.2015; 40(4): 228. CrossRef
A Pilot Study for Pesticide Poisoning Symptoms and Information on Pesticide Use among Farmers
Hyun-Joong Kim, Eun-Shil Cha, Eun-Kyeong Moon, You-Sun Ko, Jae-Young Kim, Mi-Hye Jeong, Won-Jin Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(1): 22. CrossRef
Pesticide Exposure and Health
Won-Jin Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(2): 81. CrossRef

Power Estimation and Follow-Up Period Evaluation in Korea Radiation Effect and Epidemiology Cohort Study.: In Seong Cho, Minkyo Song, Yunhee Choi, Zhong Min Li, Yoon Ok Ahn; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):543-548.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.543

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OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to calculate sample size and power in an ongoing cohort, Korea radiation effect and epidemiology cohort (KREEC). METHOD: Sample size calculation was performed using PASS 2002 based on Cox regression and Poisson regression models. Person-year was calculated by using data from '1993-1997 Total cancer incidence by sex and age, Seoul' and Korean statistical informative service. RESULTS: With the assumption of relative risk=1.3, exposure:non-exposure=1:2 and power=0.8, sample size calculation was 405 events based on a Cox regression model. When the relative risk was assumed to be 1.5 then number of events was 170. Based on a Poisson regression model, relative risk=1.3, exposure:non-exposure=1:2 and power=0.8 rendered 385 events. Relative risk of 1.5 resulted in a total of 157 events. We calculated person-years (PY) with event numbers and cancer incidence rate in the non-exposure group. Based on a Cox regression model, with relative risk=1.3, exposure:non-exposure=1:2 and power=0.8, 136 245PY was needed to secure the power. In a Poisson regression model, with relative risk=1.3, exposure:non-exposure=1:2 and power=0.8, person-year needed was 129517PY. A total of 1939 cases were identified in KREEC until December 2007. CONCLUSIONS: A retrospective power calculation in an ongoing study might be biased by the data. Prospective power calculation should be carried out based on various assumptions prior to the study.

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Jandee Lee, Seonhyang Jeong, Hwa Young Lee, Sunmi Park, Meesson Jeong, Young Suk Jo
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 720. CrossRef
Cancer Risk in Adult Residents near Nuclear Power Plants in Korea - A Cohort Study of 1992-2010
Yoon-Ok Ahn, Zhong Min Li
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2012; 27(9): 999. CrossRef

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