Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Original Articles

Relationship Between Shift Intensity and Insomnia Among Hospital Nurses in Korea: A Cross-sectional Study: Yuhjin Chung, Hyunjoo Kim, Dong-Hee Koh, Ju-Hyun Park, Seohyun Yoon; J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(1):46-54. Published online December 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.555

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Objectives
This study explored the relationship between shift intensity and insomnia among hospital nurses.
Methods
The participants were 386 female hospital nurses who underwent a special health examination for night workers in 2015. The Korean Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), indices of shift work intensity, and other covariates such as amount of exercise, level of alcohol consumption, employment duration, and hours worked were extracted from the health examination data. The indices for shift intensity were (1) number of 3 consecutive night shifts and (2) number of short recovery periods after a previous shift, both assessed over the prior 3 months. Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for the aforementioned covariates was performed to evaluate the association of shift intensity with insomnia, defined as an ISI score of ≥8.
Results
The nurses with insomnia tended to be younger (p=0.029), to have worked 3 consecutive night shifts more frequently (p<0.001), to have experienced a greater number of short recovery periods after the previous shift (p=0.021), and to have worked for more hours (p=0.006) than the nurses without insomnia. Among the other variables, no statistically significant differences between groups were observed. Experiences of 3 or more consecutive night shifts (odds ratio [OR], 2.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 4.20) and 3 or more short recovery periods (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.08 to 3.73) were associated with increased odds of insomnia.
Conclusions
The results suggest that decreasing the shift intensity may reduce insomnia among hospital nurses working rotating shifts.

Summary

Korean summary
불면증상의 척도로서 ‘한국판 불면증 심각도 평가척도’를, 교대근무강도의 지표로서 지난 3개월 간의 ‘3회 연속 야간근무 횟수’와 ‘교대근무 이후 짧은 휴식기간’을 사용하여, 대학병원 야간 근무 간호사 386명의 불면증상과 교대근무강도 간의 연관성을 탐색하고자 하였다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, ‘3회 연속 야간근무 횟수’와 ‘교대근무 이후 짧은 휴식기간’은 불면증상의 오즈비 증가와 관련이 있었다. 이 결과는 교대근무강도를 저하시켜야 순환 교대근무 병원 간호사들의 불면증상을 줄일 수 있음을 시사한다.

Citations

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Qualidade de vida e engajamento no trabalho em profissionais de enfermagem no início da pandemia de COVID-19
Taisa Moitinho de Carvalho, Luciano Garcia Lourenção, Maria Helena Pinto, Renata Andrea Pietro Pereira Viana, Ana Maria Batista da Silva Gonçalves Moreira, Leticia Pepineli de Mello, Gilney Guerra de Medeiros, Antonio Marcos Freire Gomes
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The Relationships Among Occupational Safety Climate, Patient Safety Climate, and Safety Performance Based on Structural Equation Modeling: Hamed Aghaei, Zahra Sadat Asadi, Mostafa Mirzaei Aliabadi, Hassan Ahmadinia; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):447-454. Published online October 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.350

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships among hospital safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety outcomes among nurses.
Methods
In the current cross-sectional study, the occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety performance of nurses were measured using several questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the relationships among occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety performance.
Results
A total of 211 nurses participated in this study. Over half of them were female (57.0%). The age of the participants tended to be between 20 years and 30 years old (55.5%), and slightly more than half had less than 5 years of work experience (51.5%). The maximum and minimum scores of occupational safety climate dimensions were found for reporting of errors and cumulative fatigue, respectively. Among the dimensions of patient safety climate, non-punitive response to errors had the highest mean score, and manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety had the lowest mean score. The correlation coefficient for the relationship between occupational safety climate and patient safety climate was 0.63 (p<0.05). Occupational safety climate and patient safety climate also showed significant correlations with safety performance.
Conclusions
Close correlations were found among occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and nurses’ safety performance. Therefore, improving both the occupational and patient safety climate can improve nurses’ safety performance, consequently decreasing occupational and patient-related adverse outcomes in healthcare units.

Summary

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Knowledge, Perceptions, and Self-reported Performance of Hand Hygiene Among Registered Nurses at Community-based Hospitals in the Republic of Korea: A Cross-sectional Multi-center Study: Hyang Soon Oh; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(3):121-129. Published online May 14, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.188

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
To assess the nurses’ hand hygiene (HH) knowledge, perception, attitude, and self-reported performance in small- and medium-sized hospitals after Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak.
Methods
The structured questionnaire was adapted from the World Health Organization’s survey. Data were collected between June 26 and July 14, 2017.
Results
Nurses showed scores on knowledge (17.6±2.5), perception (69.3±0.8), self-reported HH performance of non-self (86.0±11.0), self-reported performance of self (88.2±11.0), and attitude (50.5±5.5). HH performance rate of non-self was Y₁=36.678+ 0.555X₁ (HH performance rate of self) (adjusted R²=0.280, p<0.001). The regression model for performance was Y₄=18.302+0.247X₄₁ (peception)+0.232X₄₂ (attitude)+0.875X₄₂ (role model); coefficients were significant statistically except attitude, and this model significant statistically (adjusted R²=0.191, p<0.001).
Conclusions
Advanced HH education program would be developed and operated continuously. Perception, attitude, role model was found to be a significant predictors of HH performance of self. So these findings could be used in future HH promotion strategies for nurses.

Summary

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English Abstract

Relationship between Job Stress Contents, Psychosocial Factors and Mental Health Status among University Hospital Nurses in Korea.: Hyun Suk Yoon, Young Chae Cho; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(5):351-362.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.5.351

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The present study was intended to assess the mental health of nurses working for university hospitals and to establish which factors determine their mental health. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires were given to 1,486 nurses employed in six participating hospitals located in Daejeon City and Chungnam Province between July 1st and August 31st, 2006. The questionnaire items included sociodemographic, job-related, and psychosocial factors, with job stress factors (JCQ) as independent variables and indices of mental health status (PWI, SDS and MFS) as dependent variables. For statistical analysis, the Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, with hierarchical multiple regression used for determining the factors effecting mental health. The influence of psychosocial and job-related factors on mental health status was assessed by covariance structure analysis. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The factors influencing mental health status among subject nurses included sociodemographic characteristics such as age, number of hours of sleep, number of hours of leisure, and subjective health status; job-related characteristics such as status, job satisfaction, job suitability, stresses such as demands of the job, autonomy, and coworker support; and psychosocial factors such as self-esteem, locus of control and type A behavior patterns. Psychosocial factors had the greatest impact on mental health. Covariance structure analysis determined that psychosocial factors affected job stress levels and mental health status, and that the lower job stress levels were associated with better mental health. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the study results, improvement of mental health status among nurses requires the development and application of programs to manage job stress factors and/or psychosocial factors as well as sociodemographic and job-related characteristics.

Summary

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Original Articles

Study on activities of some occupational health nurses in Kyungnam area.: Young Sook Kim, Hae Sook Shon, Jeong Hak Kang, Chang Hee Lee, Chae Un Lee; Korean J Prev Med. 1995;28(3):576-587.

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Abstract PDF: Authors purposed to observe activities of occupational health nurses and it's related factors, and to suggest the way that induct better occupational health nurses' activities with questionnaire to 87 occupational health nurses who individually work as health manager in the plant. The questionnaire included type of plant and number of workers, general characteristics, work conditions, activities, etc. Major findings are as follows. 1. 82.8% of occupational health nurses were third decade 93.1% graduated junior college or college. And 82.8% were not married. 2. General work conditions: 40.2% were belonged to safety-health section, 98.85% were mere clerks. 60.9% worked less than weekly 44 hours, and an annual salary of 50.6% was between 10million and 14 million won. 3. work condition related to health manager work: there was separated health care room in 94. 3%, working period as health manager(occupational health nurse) was less than 5 years in 70.1%, 49.4% had the out-of-health manager work. In 87.4%, occupational physician was appointed, only 6.9% of them were full time, 52.9% of them worked little in the plants The problems related to workers' health were discussed with industrial nurses in 88.5%. 4. Attitude for their work: 88.5% were thought that their work is important for workers' health care, 57.5% satisfied to work as health manager. In 51.7%, motive to being industrial nurse were the appropriate aptitude. 5. Activities: General medical care in 100 % were carried out, in 97 7% works related to general health examination, in l00% works related to special health examination were carried. But works related to use of protective apparatus were carried out in 20.8%. 6. Factors related to level of activities: In cases who solved the health related problems by themselves, the level of activities was significantly higher than in others. In cases there w ere full time occupational physician, the level of activities was significantly lower. 7. Occupational health nurse's needs: 100% wanted regular education, 89.7% wanted the qualifying examination. As the results, author suggests that the right of self-control is given to occupational health nurses and the work of occupational physician is clearly defined for the induction of the better activities of occupational health nurses.; Summary

Adequacy of Medical Manpower and Medical Fee for Newborn Nursery Care.: Jung Han Park, Soo Yong Kim, Sin Kam; Korean J Prev Med. 1991;24(4):531-548.

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Abstract PDF: To assess the adequacy of medical manpower and medical fee for the newborn nursery care, the author visited 20 out of 24 hospitals with the pediatric training program in Youngnam area between July 29 and August 14, 1991. Total number of newborn, both normal and sick, admission and discharge in 1--30 June 1991 was obtained from the logbook of nursery. Head nurse and staff pediatrician of the nursery were interviewed to get the current staffing for the nursery and their subjective opinion on the adequacy of nursery manpower and the difficulties in recruiting manpower. Average medical fee charged for the maternity and normal newborn nursery care was obtained from the division of self-audit of medical insurance claim of each hospital. Average minimum requirement of nursing care time for one normal newborn per day was 179.5 (+/-58.6) minutes; 2023(+/-50.7) minutes for the university hospitals and 164.2(+/-60.5) minutes for the general hospitals. The ratio of minimum requirement of nursing care time and available nursing time was 1.42 on the average. Taking the additional requirement of nursing care for the sick newborns into consideration, the ratio was 2.06. The numbers of R. N. and A. N. in the nurserys of study hospitals were 31%, and 17%, respectively, of the nursing manpower for the nursery recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. These findings indicate that the nursing manpower in newborn nursery is in severe shortage. Ninety percent of the head nurses and 85% of the staff pediatrician stated that the newborn nursery is short of R.N. and 75% of them said that the nurse's aide is also short. Major reason for not recruiting R.N. was the financial constraint of hospital. For the recruitment of nurse's aide, short supply was the second most important reason next to the financial constraint. However, limit of quarter in T.O. was the major reason for the national university hospitals. Average total medical fee for the maternity and newborn nursery cares of a normal vaginal delivery who stayed two nights and three days at hospital was 219,430Won. Out of the total medical fee, 20,323Won(9.3%) was for the newborn nursery care. In case of C-section delivery six nights and seven days, who stayed otal medical fee was 732,578Won and out of the total fee 76,937Won (12.0%) was for the newborn care. Cost for a newborn care per day by cost accounting was 16,141Won for the tertiary care hospitals and 14,576Won for the all other hopitals. The ratio of cost and the fee schedule of the medical insurance for a newborn care per day was 5.0 for the tertiary care hospitals and 4.9 for the all other hospitals. Considering the current wage level of the medical personnel, capital investment for the hospital facilities and equipments, and the cost for hospital maintenance, it is hard to expect adequate quality care in the newborn nursery under the current medical insurance fee schedule.; Summary

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