Field epidemiology involves the implementation of quick and targeted public health interventions with the aid of epidemiological methods. In this article, we share our practical experiences in outbreak management and in safeguarding the population against novel diseases. Given that cities represent the financial nexuses of the global economy, global health security necessitates the safeguard of cities against epidemic diseases. Singapore's public health landscape has undergone a systemic and irreversible shift with global connectivity, rapid urbanization, ecological change, increased affluence, as well as shifting demographic patterns over the past two decades. Concomitantly, the threat of epidemics, ranging from severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza A (H1N1) to the resurgence of vector-borne diseases as well as the rise of modern lifestyle-related outbreaks, have worsened difficulties in safeguarding public health amidst much elusiveness and unpredictability. One critical factor that has helped the country overcome these innate and man-made public health vulnerabilities is the development of a resilient field epidemiology service, which includes our enhancement of surveillance and response capacities for outbreak management, and investment in public health leadership. We offer herein the Singapore story as a case study in meeting the challenges of disease control in our modern built environment.

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• The unrealized potential: cohort effects and age-period-cohort analysis
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• Post-Translational Modifications of Cardiac Mitochondrial Proteins in Cardiovascular Disease: Not Lost in Translation
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  Korean Circulation Journal.2016; 46(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Mortality From Ischemic Heart Disease in Southern Spain
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• Efectos de la edad, el periodo de defunción y la cohorte de nacimiento en la mortalidad por enfermedad isquémica del corazón en el sur de España
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• Role of strain values using automated function imaging on transthoracic echocardiography for the assessment of acute chest pain in emergency department
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• Changes in the Practice of Coronary Revascularization between 2006 and 2010 in the Republic of Korea
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  Yonsei Medical Journal.2015; 56(4): 895.     CrossRef
• Decomposing Black-White Disparities in Heart Disease Mortality in the United States, 1973–2010: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
  Michael R. Kramer, Amy L. Valderrama, Michele L. Casper
  American Journal of Epidemiology.2015; 182(4): 302.     CrossRef