Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Original Articles

High Level Physical Activity and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 2007-2013: Kyounghoon Park, Byung-Joo Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(5):320-327. Published online September 5, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.073

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Objectives
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the association between the intensity of physical activity (PA) and prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) using Korean representative data. Methods: We analyzed 39 804 participant data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2013. Exposure variable was three levels of PA (low, medium, and high) in a week, and outcome variable was prevalence of CVD based on patient self-recognition and doctor’s diagnosis. Complex logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between level of PA and CVD adjusted by body mass index, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, stress recognition, household income, smoking, and current drinking. The indices of association w ere estimated as crude prevalence odds ratio (POR), adjusted POR, and their 95% confidence interval (CI). All statistical analyzes were performed using complex sample analysis procedure of the SPSS version 23.0. Results: When all variables were adjusted, only high level PA in women showed a significant association with stroke (adjusted POR by patient’s self-recognition, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.99, adjusted POR by doctor’s diagnosis, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.87) and CVD (adjusted POR by doctor’s diagnosis, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.96). Conclusions: High level PA in women has a significant reverse association with prevalence of stroke and CVD in Korea. Further study for elucidating the mechanism will be needed.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Role of regular physical activity in modifying cardiovascular disease risk factors among elderly Korean women
Seunghui Baek, Youngmee Kim, Lorraine S. Evangelista
IJASS(International Journal of Applied Sports Scie.2018; 30(1): 20. CrossRef

Socioeconomic Disparities in Osteoporosis Prevalence: Different Results in the Overall Korean Adult Population and Single-person Households: Jungmee Kim, Joongyub Lee, Ju-Young Shin, Byung-Joo Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2015;48(2):84-93. Published online March 6, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.14.047

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The present study was conducted in order to examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and osteoporosis prevalence in Korea and to assess whether different associations are found in single-person households.
Methods
A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, from 2008 to 2011. The study subjects were people aged ≥ 50 years with osteoporosis as defined by bone mineral density. Multivariate logistic models were used to estimate prevalence odds ratios (pORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Gender differences in the likelihood of osteoporosis were analyzed based on household income, education level, and residential area.
Results
There were 8221 osteoporosis patients aged ≥ 50 years, of whom 927 lived in single-person households. There was a gender-specific association between osteoporosis prevalence and all three SES factors that we analyzed: income, education, and residential area. After adjusting for age, SES, and health behaviors, including body mass index (BMI), low household income was only significantly associated with osteoporosis in men, whereas education level had an inverse relationship with osteoporosis only in women (p= 0.01, p<0.001, respectively). However, after controlling for age and BMI, rural residency was only associated with osteoporosis in women living in single-person households (pOR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.43).
Conclusions
The Korean adult population showed a gender-specific relationship between SES and osteoporosis prevalence, with a different pattern found in single-person households.

Summary

Citations

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Zohra Bhatti, Madeeha Laghari, Amer Hayat Khan, Bandeh Ali Talpur, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman
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Prevalence of osteoporosis and incidence of related fractures in developed economies in the Asia Pacific region: a systematic review
Manju Chandran, Katherine Brind’Amour, Saeko Fujiwara, Yong-Chan Ha, Hai Tang, Jawl-Shan Hwang, James Tinker, John A. Eisman
Osteoporosis International.2023; 34(6): 1037. CrossRef
Current issues in evaluation and management of osteoporosis in Thailand
Nipith Charoenngam, Chatlert Pongchaiyakul
Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia.2023; 9(2): 53. CrossRef
Regular Exercise and Weight-Control Behavior Are Protective Factors against Osteoporosis for General Population: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis from Taiwan Biobank Participants
Chih-Yi Hsu, Chun-Ying Huang, Ching-Hua Hsieh, Peng-Chen Chien, Chih-Chun Chen, Shao-Yun Hou, Shao-Chun Wu
Nutrients.2022; 14(3): 641. CrossRef
Prevalence and diagnosis experience of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women over 50: Focusing on socioeconomic factors
Min Hyeok Choi, Ji Hee Yang, Jae Seung Seo, Yoon-ji Kim, Suk-Woong Kang, Jose M. Moran
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(3): e0248020. CrossRef
Influence of Residence Area and Basic Livelihood Conditions on the Prevalence and Diagnosis Experience of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women Aged over 50 Years: Evaluation Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
Suk-Woong Kang, Ji-Hee Yang, Won-Chul Shin, Yoon-Ji Kim, Min-Hyeok Choi
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(18): 9478. CrossRef
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Xing Yu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Peipei Han, Liyuan Fu, Xiaoyu Chen, Lin Hou, Peiyu Song, Yong Zhao, Qi Guo
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Association between household size, residential area, and osteoporosis: analysis of 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Sung-Woo Kim, Kwi-Hyun Bae, Jung-Beom Seo, Jae-Han Jeon, Won-Kee Lee, In-Kyu Lee, Jung-Guk Kim, Keun-Gyu Park
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Cai-Xia Yu, Xiu-Zhen Zhang, Keqin Zhang, Zihui Tang
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Levothyroxine Dose and Fracture Risk According to the Osteoporosis Status in Elderly Women: Young-Jin Ko, Ji Young Kim, Joongyub Lee, Hong-Ji Song, Ju-Young Kim, Nam-Kyong Choi, Byung-Joo Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2014;47(1):36-46. Published online January 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.1.36

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

To evaluate the association between fracture risk and levothyroxine use in elderly women with hypothyroidism, according to previous osteoporosis history.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims database from January 2005 to June 2006. The study population comprised women aged ≥65 years who had been diagnosed with hypothyroidism and prescribed levothyroxine monotherapy. We excluded patients who met any of the following criteria: previous fracture history, hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, or pituitary disorder; low levothyroxine adherence; or a follow-up period <90 days. We categorized the daily levothyroxine doses into 4 groups: ≤50 µg/d, 51 to 100 µg/d, 101 to 150 µg/d, and >150 µg/d. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with the Cox proportional hazard model, and subgroup analyses were performed according to the osteoporosis history and osteoporosis-specific drug prescription status.

Results

Among 11 155 cohort participants, 35.6% had previous histories of osteoporosis. The adjusted HR of fracture for the >150 µg/d group, compared with the 51 to 100 µg/d group, was 1.56 (95% CI, 1.03 to 2.37) in osteoporosis subgroup. In the highly probable osteoporosis subgroup, restricted to patients who were concurrently prescribed osteoporosis-specific drugs, the adjusted HR of fracture for the >150 µg/d group, compared with the 51 to 100 µg/d group, was 1.93 (95% CI, 1.14 to 3.26).

Conclusions

While further studies are needed, physicians should be concerned about potential levothyroxine overtreatment in elderly osteoporosis patients.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Diagnosis and therapeutic approach to bone health in patients with hypopituitarism
Justyna Kuliczkowska-Płaksej, Aleksandra Zdrojowy-Wełna, Aleksandra Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska, Łukasz Gojny, Marek Bolanowski
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.2024; 25(3): 513. CrossRef
Hypopituitarism and bone disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment outcomes
Amit Akirov, Yaron Rudman, Maria Fleseriu
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Diversity of the diet is correlated with osteoporosis in post-menopausal women: an Iranian case-control study
Behnood Abbasi, Mohammad Mahdi Hajinasab, Zahra Mohammadi Zadeh, Paniz Ahmadi
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Impact of Patient Age on Management of Hypothyroidism: A Survey of Physicians from Three Developing Regions
Salem A. Beshyah, Mohammed Bashir, Khadija Hafidh, Bachar Afandi, Shehla Shaikh, Sonia Hammami, Ali B. Khalil
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Fatemah AlAhmari, Hind Albahouth, Hadeel Almalky, Ebtihal Almutairi, Muzun Alatyan, Lama Alotaibi
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Gherardo Mazziotti, Anna Maria Formenti, Stefano Frara, Roberto Olivetti, Giuseppe Banfi, Maurizio Memo, Roberto Maroldi, Raffaele Giubbini, Andrea Giustina
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M. Doga, A.M. Formenti, S. Frara, M. Memo, A. Giustina, G. Mazziotti
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Cardiovascular Health Metrics and All-cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Middle-aged Men in Korea: The Seoul Male Cohort Study: Ji Young Kim, Young-Jin Ko, Chul Woo Rhee, Byung-Joo Park, Dong-Hyun Kim, Jong-Myon Bae, Myung-Hee Shin, Moo-Song Lee, Zhong Min Li, Yoon-Ok Ahn; J Prev Med Public Health. 2013;46(6):319-328. Published online November 28, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2013.46.6.319

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

This study estimated the association of cardiovascular health behaviors with the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in middle-aged men in Korea.

Methods

In total, 12 538 men aged 40 to 59 years were enrolled in 1993 and followed up through 2011. Cardiovascular health metrics defined the following lifestyle behaviors proposed by the American Heart Association: smoking, physical activity, body mass index, diet habit score, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose. The cardiovascular health metrics score was calculated as a single categorical variable, by assigning 1 point to each ideal healthy behavior. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio of cardiovascular health behavior. Population attributable risks (PARs) were calculated from the significant cardiovascular health metrics.

Results

There were 1054 total and 171 CVD deaths over 230 690 person-years of follow-up. The prevalence of meeting all 7 cardiovascular health metrics was 0.67%. Current smoking, elevated blood pressure, and high fasting blood glucose were significantly associated with all-cause and CVD mortality. The adjusted PARs for the 3 significant metrics combined were 35.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.7 to 47.4) and 52.8% (95% CI, 22.0 to 74.0) for all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratios of the groups with a 6-7 vs. 0-2 cardiovascular health metrics score were 0.42 (95% CI, 0.31 to 0.59) for all-cause mortality and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.29) for CVD mortality.

Conclusions

Among cardiovascular health behaviors, not smoking, normal blood pressure, and recommended fasting blood glucose levels were associated with reduced risks of all-cause and CVD mortality. Meeting a greater number of cardiovascular health metrics was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.

Summary

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Zolpidem Use and Risk of Fracture in Elderly Insomnia Patients: Dong-Yoon Kang, Soyoung Park, Chul-Woo Rhee, Ye-Jee Kim, Nam-Kyong Choi, Joongyub Lee, Byung-Joo Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(4):219-226. Published online July 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.4.219

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

To evaluate the risk of fractures related with zolpidem in elderly insomnia patients.

Methods

Health claims data on the entire South Korean elderly population from January 2005 to June 2006 were extracted from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. We applied a case-crossover design. Cases were defined as insomnia patients who had a fracture diagnosis. We set the hazard period of 1 day length prior to the fracture date and four control periods of the same length at 5, 10, 15, and 20 weeks prior to the fracture date. Time independent confounding factors such as age, gender, lifestyle, cognitive function level, mobility, socioeconomic status, residential environment, and comorbidity could be controlled using the casecrossover design. Time dependent confounding factors, especially co-medication of patients during the study period, were adjusted by conditional logistic regression analysis. The odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the risk of fracture related to zolpidem.

Results

One thousand five hundred and eight cases of fracture were detected in insomnia patients during the study period. In our data, the use of zolpidem increased the risk of fracture significantly (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.72; 95% CI, 1.37 to 2.16). However, the association between benzodiazepine hypnotics and the risk of fracture was not statistically significant (aOR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.21). Likewise, the results were not statistically significant in stratified analysis with each benzodiazepine generic subgroup.

Conclusions

Zolpidem could increase the risk of fracture in elderly insomnia patients. Therefore zolpidem should be prescribed carefully and the elderly should be provided with sufficient patient education.

Summary

Citations

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Comparison of Sexual Risky Factors of Men Who Have Sex With Men and Sex-buying Men as Groups Vulnerable to Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Minsoo Jung, Joongyub Lee, Dong Seok Kwon, Byung-Joo Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(3):156-163. Published online May 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.3.156

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

It is necessary to examine groups carrying out sexually risky behavior because the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is high among them. In this study, the prevalence of STDs among homosexuals and sex-buying men in South Korea was investigated, along with their sexual risk factors.

Methods

Men who have sex with men (MSMs, n=108) were recruited in Seoul and Busan by applying the time location sampling method, while sex-buying men (n=118) were recruited from a john school in Gyeonggi province, the suburbs of Seoul. Dependent variables included past or present infection with syphilis, Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and human immunodeficiency virus. Independent variables included health behavior, social support, sexual behavior, and safe sex.

Results

It was found that when the MSMs were non-drunk while having sexual intercourse (odds ratio [OR], 0.132), they showed a higher STD infection rate when they had a higher number of anal sex partners (OR, 5.872), rarely used condoms (OR, 1.980), had lower self-efficacy (OR, 0.229), and were more anxious about becoming infected with an STD (OR, 3.723). However, the men who paid for sex showed high STD infections when they had more sex partners (OR, 2.286) and lower education levels (OR, 3.028).

Conclusions

STD infections among the two groups were high when they were engaged with many sex partners and not having protected sex. In other words, there was a gap in risky sex behavior within such groups, which was significantly related to the possibility of developing an STD. Therefore, the preventive intervention against STDs for these groups needs to be expanded to include management of sex behaviors.

Summary

Citations

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Indoor Physical Activity Reduces All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Elderly Women: Soyoung Park, Joongyub Lee, Dong Yoon Kang, Chul Woo Rhee, Byung-Joo Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(1):21-28. Published online January 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.1.21

10,770 View
85 Download
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Abstract PDF

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a medium to high degree of total physical activity and indoor physical activity were associated with reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among elderly Korean women.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was done to evaluate the association between physical activity and mortality. The cohort was made up of elderly (≥65 years of age) subjects. Baseline information was collected with a self-administered questionnaire and linked to death certificates retrieved from a database. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) levels.

Results

Women who did not suffer from stroke, cancer, or ischemic heart disease were followed for a median of 8 years (n=5079). A total of 1798 all-cause deaths were recorded, of which 607 (33.8%) were due to cardiovascular disease. The group with the highest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity was significantly associated to a reduced all-cause mortality (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.71 and HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.67, respectively) compared to the group with the lowest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity. Additionally, the group with the highest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity was significantly associated to a lower cardiovascular disease mortality (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.71 and HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.67, respectively) compared to the group with the lowest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity.

Conclusions

Our study showed that regular indoor physical activity among elderly Korean women has healthy benefits.

Summary

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