Objectives Disability weights require regular updates, as they are influenced by both diseases and societal perceptions. Consequently, it is necessary to develop an up-to-date list of the causes of diseases and establish a survey panel for estimating disability weights. Accordingly, this study was conducted to calculate, assess, modify, and validate disability weights suitable for Korea, accounting for its cultural and social characteristics.
Methods The 380 causes of disease used in the survey were derived from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network and from 2019 and 2020 Korean studies on disability weights for causes of disease. Disability weights were reanalyzed by integrating the findings of an earlier survey on disability weights in Korea with those of the additional survey conducted in this study. The responses were transformed into paired comparisons and analyzed using probit regression analysis. Coefficients for the causes of disease were converted into predicted probabilities, and disability weights in 2 models (model 1 and 2) were rescaled using a normal distribution and the natural logarithm, respectively.
Results The mean values for the 380 causes of disease in models 1 and 2 were 0.488 and 0.369, respectively. Both models exhibited the same order of disability weights. The disability weights for the 300 causes of disease present in both the current and 2019 studies demonstrated a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.994 (p=0.001 for both models). This study presents a detailed add-on approach for calculating disability weights.
Conclusions This method can be employed in other countries to obtain timely disability weight estimations.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구에서는 장애보정생존연수의 산출 방법론 중 발생률 기반 접근법을 이용하여 질병부담 산출에 활용할 질병원인에 대한 장애가중치를 산출하고 한국의 문화사회적 특징을 고려하여 이에 대한 타당성을 검증하였다. 특히, 지난 연구에서 활용한 질병원인에 대한 장애가중치 결과값을 add-on study 방법으로 활용하여 장애가중치를 개정하였다. 이번 연구에서 수행한 add-on study 방법을 활용하여 장애가중치 값을 산출할 경우 다수의 전문가의 누적된 의견을 기반으로 장애가중치를 안정적으로 개정하여 특정 질병원인의 장애보정생존연수를 보다 정확하게 산출할 수 있게 될 것이다.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Trends in Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE) and Disparities by Income and Region in Korea (2008–2020): Analysis of a Nationwide Claims Database Yoon-Sun Jung, Young-Eun Kim, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Measuring the Burden of Disease in Korea Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (2008–2020) Yoon-Sun Jung, Young-Eun Kim, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Korean National Burden of Disease: The Importance of Diabetes Management Chung-Nyun Kim, Yoon-Sun Jung, Young-Eun Kim, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(4): 518. CrossRef
Newly estimated disability weights for 196 health states in Hubei Province, China Mengge Zhou, Lan Zhang, Tianjing He, Shuzhen Zhu, Yumeng Tang, Qian Li, Miaoyan Shen, Jingju Pan Population Health Metrics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative research methodology has been applied with increasing frequency in various fields, including in healthcare research, where quantitative research methodology has traditionally dominated, with an empirically driven approach involving statistical analysis. Drawing upon artifacts and verbal data collected from in-depth interviews or participatory observations, qualitative research examines the comprehensive experiences of research participants who have experienced salient yet unappreciated phenomena. In this study, we review 6 representative qualitative research methodologies in terms of their characteristics and analysis methods: consensual qualitative research, phenomenological research, qualitative case study, grounded theory, photovoice, and content analysis. We mainly focus on specific aspects of data analysis and the description of results, while also providing a brief overview of each methodology’s philosophical background. Furthermore, since quantitative researchers have criticized qualitative research methodology for its perceived lack of validity, we examine various validation methods of qualitative research. This review article intends to assist researchers in employing an ideal qualitative research methodology and in reviewing and evaluating qualitative research with proper standards and criteria.
Summary
Korean summary
질적연구 방법론은 보건의료 연구에서 연구 참여자가 경험하는 주요 현상을 잘 포착할 수 있도록 해 준다. 이 논문에서는 합의적 질적연구, 현상학적 연구, 질적 사례 연구, 근거이론, 포토보이스, 내용 분석 등 6가지의 대표적인 질적 연구 방법론에 대한 간략한 철학적 배경과 구체적인 데이터 분석 및 해석 방법을 소개한다.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
The human role to guarantee an ethical AI in healthcare: a five-facts approach Raquel Iniesta AI and Ethics.2025; 5(1): 385. CrossRef
Development and validation of a competency evaluation index system for nurse endoscopists with different stages performing endoscopy nursing in China: A modified Delphi study Liangyu Fang, Bingbing Wu, Peipei Wang, Laijuan Chen, Yinchuan Xu Nurse Education Today.2025; 144: 106411. CrossRef
Users' Experience of Treatment and Coercion in an Inpatient Medium‐Stay Psychiatric Rehabilitation Unit: A Mixed Methods Study Miriam Aragonés‐Calleja, Vanessa Sánchez‐Martínez Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2025; 32(2): 467. CrossRef
Smoking trends and awareness among Indian university students: A qualitative study T. Seemadevi, S. Naganandini, Alexander Maniangat Luke, Mohamed Saleh Hamad Ingafou Heliyon.2025; 11(1): e41078. CrossRef
Experience of hormone therapy among postmenopausal women diagnosed with early breast cancer receiving a multimodal exercise and health education programme: A qualitative study Pedro Céspedes, Vanessa Sánchez-Martínez, Cristina Buigues European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2025; 74: 102763. CrossRef
Instruments for Evaluating Undergraduate Medical Education in Complementary and Integrative Medicine: A Systematic Review Angelika Homberg, Gabriele Rotter, Miriam Thye, Kristina Flägel, Beate Stock-Schröer Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the Experiences of Managers and Practitioners in Infectious Disease Management Organizations During the COVID-19 Response: A Qualitative Study Jeehee Pyo, Jiyoon Jeong, Hyeran Jeong, Minsu Ock Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The content analysis used in nursing research and the possibility of including artificial intelligence support: A methodological review Agnieszka Maj, Marta Makowska, Katarzyna Sacharczuk Applied Nursing Research.2025; 82: 151919. CrossRef
A qualitative enquiry into participants’ and practitioners’ experiences in the Australian Liver FaIlurE trial Jeyamani Ramachandran, Anuradha Pati, Luisa Wigg, Sumudu K Narayana, Sharon Lawn, Kate Muller, Alan J Wigg BMJ Open.2025; 15(2): e089666. CrossRef
How I Do It: Teaching and Applying Qualitative Methods to Improve Surgical Simulation Design and Implementation Lou Clark, Lauren Weaver, Eugene Floersch, Mojca Remskar, Melissa Brunsvold, Anne Woll Journal of Surgical Education.2025; 82(5): 103481. CrossRef
Development and validation of gestational diabetes mellitus health behaviour scale Xilin Yu, Yueshuai Pan, Qianqian Li, Ruting Gu, Wenbin Jiang, Guofang Kuang, Lili Wei Journal of Psychosomatic Research.2025; 191: 112083. CrossRef
Managing intravenous potassium infusion: a quality improvement study on clinician's beliefs and practice Jacqueline Colgan, Rebecca Balmer, Louise Allan, Claire McCormack, Kourouche Sarah Contemporary Nurse.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Exploring the experiences of cancer patients: What drives them to seek treatment outside their residential area and what are the experiences resulting from that decision? A qualitative study Jeehee Pyo, Mina Lee, Haneul Lee, Minsu Ock, Ali Haider Mohammed PLOS ONE.2025; 20(3): e0319650. CrossRef
Positive Psychological Experiences in Chronic Heart Failure: A Qualitative Meta‐Synthesis Yingjie Li, Xiaoyun Xiong, Huiwen Wang, Lu Chen, Rui Wu, Meijun Zhang, Qin Xiang, Si Liu, Hua Chen, Dan Xiao, Xinglan Sun Journal of Advanced Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Surgical De-escalation in Breast Cancer: Qualitative Research Introduces Hope for Patients and Illuminates a Blind Spot Within Blinded Studies Jose G. Bazan, Benjamin W. Corn International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 118(2): 455. CrossRef
Consumer Perceptions of Home-Based Percussive Massage Therapy for Musculoskeletal Concerns: Inductive Thematic Qualitative Analysis Saloni Butala, Pearl Valentine Galido, Benjamin K P Woo JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies.2024; 11: e52328. CrossRef
Analyzing the prohibition of interfaith marriage in Indonesia: legal, religious, and human rights perspectives M. Thahir Maloko, Sippah Chotban, Muhammad Ikram Nur Fuady, Hasdiwanti Cogent Social Sciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Intervention in autism based on Early Start Denver Model in a multiethnic immigrant setting—experiences of preschool staff involved in its implementation Petra Linnsand, Gudrun Nygren, Jonas Hermansson, Christopher Gillberg, Emilia Carlsson Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Role of family medicine physicians in providing nutrition support to older patients admitted to orthopedics departments: a grounded theory approach Ryuichi Ohta, Tachiko Nitta, Akiko Shimizu, Chiaki Sano BMC Primary Care.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnosing an overcrowded emergency department from its Electronic Health Records Luca Marzano, Adam S. Darwich, Raghothama Jayanth, Lethvall Sven, Nina Falk, Patrik Bodeby, Sebastiaan Meijer Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative case study on the disability acceptance experiences of soldiers with disabilities Haneul Lee, Jeehee Pyo, Minsu Ock, Hyun Joo Kim International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative Comparison of Perceptions Regarding Patient Engagement for Patient Safety by Physicians, Nurses, and Patients Seung Gyeong Jang, Minsu Ock, Soyoon Kim Patient Preference and Adherence.2024; Volume 18: 1065. CrossRef
Coping Mechanisms Utilized by Individuals With Drug Addiction in Overcoming Challenges During the Recovery Process: A Qualitative Meta-synthesis Agus Setiawan, Junaiti Sahar, Budi Santoso, Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Syamikar Baridwan Syamsir Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2024; 57(3): 197. CrossRef
Nurses and policymakers role in preparing adolescents with HIV for self-disclosure in Eswatini Baliwe P. Dlamini, Ntombifikile G. Mtshali African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the economic toxicity experiences and coping styles of patients with colorectal cancer fistula in Jiangsu province, China: a qualitative study Weijing Zhao, Qin Xu, Xia Zhou, Chunmei Liu, Lingyu Ding BMJ Open.2024; 14(6): e082308. CrossRef
Comprehensive Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (CCQR): Reporting Guideline for Global Health Qualitative Research Methods Priyanka Sinha, Binita Paudel, Tamara Mosimann, Hanan Ahmed, Gaotswake Patience Kovane, Miriam Moagi, Angel Phuti International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(8): 1005. CrossRef
Evolution of the roles of family physicians through collaboration with rehabilitation therapists in rural community hospitals: a grounded theory approach Ryuichi Ohta, Kentaro Yoshioka, Chiaki Sano BMC Primary Care.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Barreras para la detección de tuberculosis infantil en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia Jhon Edwin Polanco-Pasaje, María Cristina Bolaños, Kelly Yoana Tello-Hoyos, Carlos Hernán Sierra-Torres Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploratory qualitative study of firearm storage practices among surgeons in the USA: contexts and motivations Shelbie D Waddle, Arielle Thomas, Brendan T Campbell, Marian E Betz, Julie K Johnson, Regina Royan, Alexander Ellyin, Angie Jang, Marie L Crandall, Anne M Stey Injury Prevention.2024; : ip-2023-045205. CrossRef
What Impact Does the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment Have on the Wellbeing, Everyday Behavior, and Healthcare Utilization of People and Their Carers? A Systematic Review Evie Margaret Connolly, Ríona Mc Ardle, Kweku Andrew Ampadu Bimpong, Sarah Slight Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.2024; 101(3): 715. CrossRef
Traditional treatment for diastasis rectus abdominis in postpartum mothers: a phenomenological study Hemi Fitriani, Setyowati Setyowati, Yati Afiyanti, Raldi Artono Koestoer, Hidayat Arifin British Journal of Midwifery.2024; 32(9): 474. CrossRef
Impact of Virtual Navigation on the Education and Access of Patients with Cancer: A National Mixed Methods Investigation Susan Haag, Joyce Schaffer SAGE Open Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Are We Supporting Surgical Quality Improvement in Training and Beyond? A Qualitative Study of Surgical Trainees and Practicing Surgeons Xane D Peters, Shelbie D Waddle, Tejen Shah, Eileen Reilly, Sarah Valek, Lynn Modla, Ulrike Langenscheidt, Karen Pollitt, Julie K Johnson, Clifford Y Ko Journal of the American College of Surgeons.2024; 239(6): 556. CrossRef
Exploring key stakeholders’ perspectives on integrating the EU AI Act with the MDR for certifying AI medical devices Edmund Balogun, Dion Dcosta, Auxane Boch, Christoph Luetge AI and Ethics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Unpacking cultural dimensions in Mangunwijaya’s Genduk Duku (2019) Sutri Sutri, Sahid Teguh Widodo, Kundharu Saddhono Research Journal in Advanced Humanities.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Author Response: Students’ Positive Coping Strategies From Disaster: A Narrative Analysis Minsu Ock Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 390. CrossRef
Letter to the Editor: Students’ Positive Coping Strategies From Disaster: A Narrative Analysis Allan M. Abiera, Jan Gresil Kahambing Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 388. CrossRef
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Qualitative Research Among Health Sciences Faculty Mohamud Mohamud, Alwaleed A Albarkani, Emad Masuadi, Abdullaziz A Alsahly, Abdulaziz I Alkudairy, Yazeed F Shalabi, Abdulrahman Faqih, Khaled A Alaukili, Saad J Alsahli Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Patients’ Reasons to Consider and Their Attitudes toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine Katharina Matjuschenko, Christian Keinki, Jutta Huebner, Pranshu Sahgal European Journal of Cancer Care.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef