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Original Article
- Validity of Self-reported Smoking Using Urinary Cotinine among Vocational High School Students.
- Soon Woo Park, Jong Yeon Kim
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2009;42(4):223-230.
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2009.42.4.223
- 5,584 View
- 85 Download
- 27 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF - OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to validate self-reported smoking among high school students using urinary cotinine. METHODS: A self report of smoking behavior was collected together with urine sample for cotinine analysis from 130 male and female students in two vocational high school students in November, 2007. Validity and agreement between self-reported smoking and urinary cotinine was analyzed with STATA 9.0 for different definitions of current smokers, and frequent and daily smokers. Urinary cotinine concentration was measured by the DRI Cotinine Assay for urine (Microgenics Corp., Fremont, CA) on Toshiba 200FR. The cut-off point of urinary cotinine was 50 ng/dl. RESULTS: The concentrations of urinary cotinine were significantly different according to the frequency and amount of smoking. Sensitivity and specificity was 90.9% and 91.8% respectively, and the Cohen's kappa value was 0.787 among the current smokers who smoked at least one day during one month preceding the survey. The comparable high sensitivity, specificity, and kappa value were shown also among the other definitions of current smokers, that is, subjective smokers, and weekly smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed the high validity of self-reported smoking among high school students. However, due to the small sample size and limitation of the participants, it is cautious to generalize the results to overall high school students. -
Summary
Citations
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2022; 48(4): 216. CrossRef - Smoking Susceptibility and Tobacco Media Engagement Among Youth Never Smokers
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Pediatrics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - A comparison of self-reported to cotinine-detected smoking status among adults in Georgia
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BMJ Open.2016; 6(11): e012169. CrossRef - Evaluating the validity of self-reported smoking in Mexican adolescents
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BMJ Open.2015; 5(10): e007485. CrossRef - The Correlation of Different Cotinine Levels With Questionnaire Results
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Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2015; 27(5): 542. CrossRef - The Relationship between Smoking and Personal Psychological Factors and Socioeconomic Status in 8th Grade Students from the 2010-2012 Online Survey of Adolescent Health Behaviors of Korea
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American Journal of Epidemiology.2014; 180(7): 749. CrossRef - Prevalence and validity of self-reported smoking in Indigenous and non-Indigenous young adults in the Australian Northern Territory
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Health Education Research.2010; 25(5): 865. CrossRef - A novel C6-phenyl liquid chromatographic technique for rapid and simultaneous measurements of urinary cotinine and nicotine
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Validation Studies- Validity of Expired Carbon Monoxide and Urine Cotinine Using Dipstick Method to Assess Smoking Status.
- Su San Park, Ju Yul Lee, Sung Il Cho
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(4):297-304.
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.4.297
- 6,025 View
- 55 Download
- 14 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
We investigated the validity of the dipstick method (Mossman Associates Inc. USA) and the expired CO method to distinguish between smokers and nonsmokers. We also elucidated the related factors of the two methods. METHODS: This study included 244 smokers and 50 exsmokers, recruited from smoking cessation clinics at 4 local public health centers, who had quit for over 4 weeks. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity and Kappa coefficient of each method for validity. We obtained ROC curve, predictive value and agreement to determine the cutoff of expired air CO method. Finally, we elucidated the related factors and compared their effect powers using the standardized regression coefficient. RESULTS: The dipstick method showed a sensitivity of 92.6%, specificity of 96.0% and Kappa coefficient of 0.79. The best cutoff value to distinguish smokers was 5-6ppm. At 5 ppm, the expired CO method showed a sensitivity of 94.3%, specificity of 82.0% and Kappa coefficient of 0.73. And at 6 ppm, sensitivity, specificity and Kappa coefficient were 88.5%, 86.0% and 0.64, respectively. Therefore, the dipstick method had higher sensitivity and specificity than the expired CO method. The dipstick and expired CO methods were significantly increased with increasing smoking amount. With longer time since the last smoking, expired CO showed a rapid decrease after 4 hours, whereas the dipstick method showed relatively stable levels for more than 4 hours. CONCLUSIONS: The dipstick and expired CO methods were both good indicators for assessing smoking status. However, the former showed higher sensitivity and specificity and stable levels over longer hours after smoking, compared to the expired CO method. -
Summary
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Effects of a supportive workplace environment on the success rate for smoking cessation camp
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Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2021; 12(1): 24. CrossRef - Short-Term Success Rates of Smoking Cessation Support Programs and Factors Predicting Smoking Relapse: Using Data from a Smoking Cessation Clinic in a Hospital
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Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(2): 165. CrossRef - Tuberculosis, smoking and risk for lung cancer incidence and mortality
Seri Hong, Yejin Mok, Christina Jeon, Sun Ha Jee, Jonathan M. Samet
International Journal of Cancer.2016; 139(11): 2447. CrossRef - Relationship between women's smoking and laryngeal disorders based on the urine cotinine test: results of a national population-based survey
Haewon Byeon, Dongwoo Lee, Sunghyoun Cho
BMJ Open.2016; 6(11): e012169. CrossRef - Effects of a Smoking Cessation Program including Telephone Counseling and Text Messaging using Stages of Change for Outpatients after a Myocardial Infarction
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(4): 557. CrossRef - Cost and effectiveness of the nationwide government-supported Smoking Cessation Clinics in the Republic of Korea
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Tobacco Control.2013; 22(e1): e73. CrossRef - The National "Smoking Cessation Clinics" Program in the Republic of Korea: Socioeconomic Status and Age Matter
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Original ArticlesTOP- Concentration of Urinary Cotinine and Frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchange in Lymphocytes among Male Adolescents.
- Dong Ki Paek, Seong Sil Chang, Tae Yong Lee, Young Man Roh, Yeonkyeng Lee, Young Chae Cho, Dong Bae Lee
- Korean J Prev Med. 2001;34(3):269-276.
- 2,040 View
- 19 Download
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Abstract
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- OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the internal burden and hazardous effects associated with smoking in middle and high school students. METHODS: We analysed urinary cotinine (U-cotinine) concentrations and the frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchanges (SCE). A comparison was done of U-cotinine concentrations and the frequency of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes across school levels (middle vs. high) and smoking types (direct: daily & occasional smoking, indirect: usual indirect & non-smoking), in 122 males. RESULTS: The middle school student group comprised 6.8% daily smokers, 15.9% occasional smokers, 40.9% daily indirect smokers, and 35.4% nonsmokers, while the high school student group comprised 18.0%, 20.5%,39.7%, and 21.8%, respectively. The U-cotinine concentration and the frequency of SCE among the middle school students were 79.11 microgram/literand 2.0 per cell, respectively, which were significantly lower than the 146.85 microgram/liter (p=0.078) and 2.6 per cell (p=0.005) of the high school students. Among the 40 direct smokers, these two biomarkers were 235.66 microgram/literand 2.59 per cell, significantly higher than the 67.33 microgram/liter (p=0.0001) and2.1 per cell (p=0.003) among indirect smoking groups. The variation in individual U-cotinine concentration ranged widely in both the indirect and direct smoking groups. CONCLUSION: Urinary cotinine concentrations and the frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchange seem to objectively and effectively evaluate student exposure whether it was direct or indirect smoking. Consequently, these biomarkers may be useful in monitoring the objective efficacy of anti-smoking programs in adolescent populations. -
Summary
- Influence of Smoking on Blood Cadmium Concentration in University Students.
- Joo Youn Shin, Jong Han Lim, Sin Goo Park, Jee Na Lee, Mi Jang, Chung Song Huh, Dae Hee Kang, Yun Chul Hong
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2004;37(3):225-231.
- 2,248 View
- 36 Download
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Abstract
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- OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to examine the influence of smoking on the blood cadmium concentration in university students. METHODS: The study included 300 university students. A questionnaire interview was used to collect data. The urine cotinine and blood cadmium levels were measured as biological exposure indices. The data were analyzed using t-tests ANOVA and ANCOVA. RESULTS: The median value of blood cadmium concentration was equal in both males and females (0.8microgram/liter). This level was relatively low in comparison with the reference value suggested by WHO (2001). ANCOVA showed that smoking related variables, urine cotinine and smoking amount, were significantly associated with the blood cadmium level (P=0.004, 0.015). However, the values with regard to traffic related air pollution were not significantly associated with the blood cadmium level. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking is an important source of nonoccupational cadmium exposure in young people. The Blood cadmium level is at least 10% higher in active smokers than in passive or nonsmokers. The level of urine cotinine can be used as an indicator of non-occupational exposure of respirable cadmium due to smoking, as there is a good correlation bestween smoking amount and the urine cotinine level. -
Summary
- Agreement between Smoking Self-report and Urine Cotinine among Adolescents.
- Ihn Sook Jeong, No Rai Park, Jinkyung Ham
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2004;37(2):127-132.
- 2,444 View
- 46 Download
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Abstract
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- OBJECTIONS: Cotinine, the major metabolite of nicotine, is a useful marker of exposure to tobacco smoke and self-reporting of smoking status is thought not to be reliable. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between the smoking self-report among adolescents and the urinary cotinine test. METHODS: The study subjects were 1226 middle and high school students in Hanam city, who were selected by stratified random sampling. The self-report about smoking behavior was compared with urine cotinine value measured with PBM AccuSignRfi Nicotine (Princeton BioMeditech Corporation, USA). The percentage agreement, kappa and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: The overall percentage agreement was 88.6%, and those for boys, girls, middle school, general school and vocational school students were 87.3%, 90.1%, 93.7%, 85, 5%, 90.7%, and 78.4%, respectively. The overall kappa index was 0.46 (95% CI=0.39-0.54) for overall, and those for boys, girls, middle school, general school and vocational school students were 0.56 (95% CI=0.48-0.65), 0.20 (95% CI=0.07-0.32), 0.21 (95% CI=0.09-0.34), 0.55 (95% CI=0.47-0.64), 0.42 (95% CI=0.33-0.52), and 0.48 (95% CI=0.36-0.60), respectively. CONCLUSION: The percentage agreement was relatively high but the kappa values very low for girls, and middle school students. Though the prevalence bias can be influenced by these results, the selfreport was not a sufficient tool for the evaluation of adolescents' smoking status, especially in girls or middle school students.
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