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Scoping Review
Is Farming a Risk Occupation for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases? A Scoping Review on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease Risk in Farmers
Hyeonjun Kim, Wongeon Jung, Sunjin Jung, Seunghyeon Cho, Inho Jung, Hansoo Song, Ki-Soo Park, Seong-Yong Yoon, Joo Hyun Sung, Seok-Ju Yoo, Won-Ju Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2024;57(6):521-529.   Published online August 23, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.302
  • 1,379 View
  • 209 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
In Korea, cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is recognized as an occupational disease when sufficient evidence of a work-related burden exists. In 2021, approximately 26.8% of the payments from occupational disease insurance under the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act were allocated to CCVDs. However, due to the specific nature of insurance policies for farmers, CCVD is not acknowledged as an occupational disease in their case.
Methods
We reviewed studies on the differences in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of CCVDs between farmers and the general population or other occupations and described the exposure of farmers to risk factors for CCVDs.
Results
Several studies showed that farming is a high-risk occupation for CCVDs, with the following risk factors: long working hours, night work, lack of holidays, and strenuous physical labor; physical factors (noise, cold, heat, humidity, and vibration); exposure to hazardous gases (diesel exhaust, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, nitrogen oxides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), pesticides, and dust (particulate matter, silica, and organic dust); exposure to a hypoxic environment; and job-related stress. Social isolation and lack of accessible medical facilities also function as additional risk factors by preventing farmers from receiving early interventions.
Conclusions
Farmers are exposed to various risk factors for CCVDs and are an occupation at risk for CCVDs. More studies are needed in the future to elucidate this relationship. This study lays the groundwork for future research to develop guidelines for approving CCVDs as occupational diseases among farmers.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 농업이 뇌심혈관질환과 연관된 고위험 직업임을 입증하는 근거를 검토하였습니다. 농업인은 긴 근무 시간, 격렬한 신체 노동, 유해 가스 및 살충제 노출 등 다양한 위험 요인과 더불어 의료 접근성 부족과 같은 문제에 직면해 있습니다. 이는 뇌심혈관질환을 농업인의 업무 관련 질병으로 인정하기 위한 가이드라인 개발에 중요한 기초를 제공합니다.
Key Message
This study reviewed evidence supporting that farming is a high-risk occupation associated with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Farmers face various risk factors, including long working hours, strenuous physical labor, exposure to hazardous gases and pesticides, and challenges such as limited access to medical care. This provides an essential foundation for developing guidelines to recognize cardio-cerebrovascular diseases as work-related illnesses among farmers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Leveraging Administrative Health Databases to Address Health Challenges in Farming Populations: Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis (1975-2024)
    Pascal Petit, Nicolas Vuillerme
    JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.2025; 11: e62939.     CrossRef
Original Articles
Workstation Risk Factors for Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among IT Professionals in Indonesia
Tofan Agung Eka Prasetya, Nurul Izzah Abdul Samad, Aisy Rahmania, Dian Afif Arifah, Ratih Andhika Akbar Rahma, Abdullah Al Mamun
J Prev Med Public Health. 2024;57(5):451-460.   Published online July 25, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.214
  • 2,370 View
  • 345 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Objectives
This study aimed to identify workstation factors influencing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among information technology (IT) professionals in Indonesia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 IT workers at small-enterprise companies who were randomly selected across East Java, Indonesia. The data were modeled using multiple linear regression, with a 95% level of confidence for determining statistical significance.
Results
The respondents reported that the neck had the highest level of discomfort and was the most at risk of WMSDs, followed by the lower back, right shoulder, and upper back. Screen use duration (p=0.040) was associated with whole-body WMSDs, along with seat width (p=0.059), armrest (p=0.027), monitor (p=0.046), and a combined telephone and monitor score (p=0.028). Meanwhile, the factors significantly related to the risk of WMSDs in the hands and wrist were working period (p=0.039), night shift (p=0.024), backrest (p=0.008), and mouse score (p=0.032).
Conclusions
Occupational safety authorities, standards-setting departments, and policymakers should prioritize addressing the risk factors for WMSDs among IT professionals.
Summary
Key Message
This study investigates workstation risk factors contributing to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among IT professionals in Indonesia. Findings indicate that neck discomfort is the most prevalent, with significant associations identified between WMSDs and factors such as screen use duration, seating arrangements, and work conditions. The results underscore the need for ergonomic improvements and targeted preventive measures to enhance occupational health and safety for IT workers.
Reliability of a Newly Developed Tool to Assess and Classify Work-related Stress (TAWS-16) for Indian Workforce
Gautham Melur Sukumar, Runalika Roy, Mariamma Philip, Gururaj Gopalkrishna
J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(5):407-412.   Published online August 19, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.219
  • 2,549 View
  • 119 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Objectives
Work stress is associated with non-communicable diseases, increased healthcare costs, and decreased work productivity among employees in the information technology sector. There is a need for regular work-stress screening among employees using valid and reliable tools. The Tool to Assess and Classify Work Stress (TAWS-16) was developed to overcome limitations in existing stress assessment tools in India. This study aimed to test the reliability of TAWS-16 in a sample of managerial-supervisory employees.
Methods
This observational reliability study included data from 62 employees. Test-retest and inter-method reliability were investigated using a TAWS-16 web application and interview by telephone, respectively. Kappa values and intra-class correlation coefficients were calculated. Internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach’s alpha.
Results
For both test-retest and inter-method reliability, the agreement for both work-related factors and symptoms suggestive of work stress exceeded 80%, and all kappa values were 0.40 or higher. Cronbach’s alpha for test-retest and inter-method reliability was 0.983 and 0.941, respectively.
Conclusions
TAWS-16 demonstrated acceptable reliability. It measured stressors, coping abilities, and psychosomatic symptoms associated with work stress. We recommend using TAWS-16 to holistically identify work stress among employees during periodical health check-ups in India.
Summary
Key Message
The study assessed test-retest and inter-method reliability of Tool to Assess Work Stress (TAWS – 16) developed by Centre for Public Health, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) on 62 employees in Bengaluru, India. Kappa statistics, Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha were calculated. TAWS – 16 demonstrated acceptable reliability, good internal consistency and can be used to identify work stress among employees during periodical health check-ups in Indian setting.
Analysis of Differences in Preterm Birth Rates According to Household Occupation in Japan From 2007 to 2019
Tasuku Okui, Naoki Nakashima
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(4):371-378.   Published online June 20, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.178
  • 3,922 View
  • 114 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
No studies have examined the association between preterm birth rates and socioeconomic factors in Japan using nationwide statistical data. We analyzed the association between preterm birth rates and household occupation using Vital Statistics data.
Methods
Aggregated Vital Statistics data from Japan from 2007 to 2019 were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. From the data, the number of births according to year, age group, gestational period, number of pregnancies, and household occupation were used in this study. Crude preterm birth rates and preterm birth rates adjusted by maternal age according to household occupation were calculated for each year. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between household occupation and preterm births.
Results
Unemployed households had the highest preterm birth rate, and households with an occupation classification of “full-time worker 2” (an employee at a large company, civil servant, or board member) had the lowest preterm birth rate throughout each period. Poisson regression analysis revealed that unemployed households were statistically significantly associated with a high preterm birth risk. In contrast, the preterm birth rate adjusted by maternal age remained stable throughout each period regardless of household occupation, and preterm birth rates were found not to have increased in recent years in Japan.
Conclusions
Unemployed households had higher preterm birth rates than other household occupations. Further studies investigating the characteristics of unemployed households are needed to identify the reasons for this disparity.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Analysis of an Association between Preterm Birth and Parental Educational Level in Japan Using National Data
    Tasuku Okui
    Children.2023; 10(2): 342.     CrossRef
  • Association of maternal nationality with preterm birth and low birth weight rates: analysis of nationwide data in Japan from 2016 to 2020
    Tasuku Okui, Yoko Sato, Seiichi Morokuma, Naoki Nakashima
    Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Does the father’s job matter? Parental occupation and preterm birth in Korea
    Taemi Kim, Eunseon Gwak, Bolormaa Erdenetuya, Jeong-Won Oh, Jung-won Yoon, Myoung-Hee Kim, Jia Ryu, Seung-Ah Choe
    Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023078.     CrossRef
The Role of CYP2B6*6 Gene Polymorphisms in 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol Levels as a Biomarker of Chlorpyrifos Toxicity Among Indonesian Farmers
Jen Fuk Liem, Dwi A. Suryandari, Safarina G. Malik, Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Dewi S. Soemarko, Aria Kekalih, Imam Subekti, Franciscus D. Suyatna, Bertha Pangaribuan
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(3):280-288.   Published online May 16, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.641
  • 4,813 View
  • 171 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
One of the most widely used pesticides today is chlorpyrifos (CPF). Cytochrome P450 (CYP)2B6, the most prominent catalyst in CPF bioactivation, is highly polymorphic. The objective of our study was to evaluate the role of CYP2B6*6, which contains both 516G>T and 785A>G polymorphisms, in CPF toxicity, as represented by the concentration of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), among vegetable farmers in Central Java, Indonesia, where CPF has been commonly used.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 132 vegetable farmers. Individual socio-demographic and occupational characteristics, as determinants of TCPy levels, were obtained using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and subsequently used to estimate the cumulative exposure level (CEL). TCPy levels were detected with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. CYP2B6*6 gene polymorphisms were analyzed using a TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assay and Sanger sequencing. Linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between TCPy, as a biomarker of CPF exposure, and its determinants.
Results
The prevalence of CYP2B6*6 polymorphisms was 31% for *1/*1, 51% for *1/*6, and 18% for *6/*6. TCPy concentrations were higher among participants with CYP2B6*1/*1 than among those with *1/*6 or *6/*6 genotypes. CYP2B6*6 gene polymorphisms, smoking, CEL, body mass index, and spraying time were retained in the final linear regression model as determinants of TCPy.
Conclusions
The results suggest that CYP2B6*6 gene polymorphisms may play an important role in influencing susceptibility to CPF exposure. CYP2B6*6 gene polymorphisms together with CEL, smoking habits, body mass index, and spraying time were the determinants of urinary TCPy concentrations, as a biomarker of CPF toxicity.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Aplicaciones de la xenometabolómica para la identificación de biomarcadores de toxicidad: una revisión del tema
    Juan Pablo Betancourt Arango, Alejandro Patiño Ospina, Gonzalo Taborda Ocampo, Jhon Alexander Fiscal Ladino
    Biosalud.2025; 19(1): 7.     CrossRef
  • Pesticide metabolite 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol causes massive damage to the cochlea resulting in hearing loss in adult mice
    Mao Huang, Shuangshuang Mao, Yunfei Pan, Ziying Zhang, Fei Gui, Xiaohua Tan, Yu Hong, Rong Chen
    Environmental Pollution.2024; 360: 124691.     CrossRef
  • Human CYP2C19 Substrate and Inhibitor Characterization of Organophosphate Pesticides
    Patricia A. Vignaux, Pratik Shriwas, Andre Revnew, Garima Agarwal, Thomas R. Lane, Craig A. McElroy, Sean Ekins
    Chemical Research in Toxicology.2023; 36(9): 1451.     CrossRef
  • The determinants of thyroid function among vegetable farmers with primary exposure to chlorpyrifos: A cross-sectional study in Central Java, Indonesia
    Jen Fuk Liem, Imam Subekti, Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Dewi S. Soemarko, Aria Kekalih, Franciscus D. Suyatna, Dwi A. Suryandari, Safarina G. Malik, Bertha Pangaribuan
    Heliyon.2023; 9(6): e16435.     CrossRef
Individual and Occupational Factors Associated With Low Back Pain: The First-ever Occupational Health Study Among Bangladeshi Online Professionals
Mosharop Hossian, Mohammad Hayatun Nabi, Ahmed Hossain, Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader, Nadira Sultana Kakoly
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(1):98-105.   Published online January 12, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.565
  • 5,445 View
  • 192 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Low back pain (LBP) is a common chronic condition among sedentary workers that causes long-term productivity loss. This study aimed to identify the relationships of individual and occupational factors with LBP among Bangladeshi online professionals.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 468 full-time online professionals who usually worked in a sitting position. One-month LBP complaints were assessed using a musculoskeletal subscale of subjective health complaints. The chi-square test was used to measure associations between categorical predictors and LBP, and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the variables significantly associated with LBP.
Results
LBP within the last month was reported by 65.6% of participants. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that age >30 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23 to 0.70) and being married (aOR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.97) had significant negative associations with LBP. Significant positive associations were found for spending >50 hours weekly on average working in a sitting position (aOR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.49), being overweight and obese (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.99), sleeping on a soft mattress (aOR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.80), and ex-smoking status (aOR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.41 to 7.87).
Conclusions
A high prevalence of LBP was found among full-time online professionals. Long working hours in a sitting position showed a significant association with developing LBP. Smoking history, body mass index, and sleeping arrangements should also be considered while considering solutions for LBP prevalence among online professionals.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of mattress firmness and usage duration on low back pain: a hospital-based study from Lahore
    Alveena Mobeen, Hafiz Muhammad Kazim, Nimra Ijaz
    Journal of Social & Health Sciences.2024; 2: 34.     CrossRef
  • Pay-for-performance and low back pain with interaction of overwork: findings from the cross-sectional Korean working conditions survey
    Julia D. Hur, Jongin Lee
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Public Sector Workers’ Mental Health in Argentina: Comparative Psychometrics of the Perceived Stress Scale
Agustín Ramiro Miranda, Ana Veronica Scotta, Ana Lucía Méndez, Silvana Valeria Serra, Elio Andrés Soria
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):429-438.   Published online October 5, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.229
  • 6,672 View
  • 197 Download
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Given that Argentinian public-sector workers are highly exposed to stressful conditions, and that the psychometric properties of the widely used Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) should be evaluated in different settings, this work aimed to compare the psychometric properties of the Latin American Spanish PSS-10 and PSS-4 and to identify the optimal scale for stress assessment.
Methods
A sample of 535 participants was randomly divided into 2 groups to evaluate dimensionality by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability of both scales was also evaluated. Convergent validity was estimated using the Executive Complaints Questionnaire, the average variance extracted, and the composite reliability. Discriminant validity was based on the correlation with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the phi-square correlation between the components.
Results
The factor analyses supported bidimensionality of the PSS-10 (stress and coping), which showed a better fit than the PSS-4. Moreover, the reliability of the PSS-10 was higher, whereas the PSS-4 did not achieve adequate values of internal consistency. The PSS-10 was also correlated significantly with all validation scales, and presented proper internal convergent and divergent validity.
Conclusions
The PSS-10 is a reliable and structurally valid instrument to measure perceived stress and coping in a Latin American Spanish-speaking population with high work demands, and the findings of this study expand our knowledge on the geographical and sociocultural applicability of the PSS.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) in silica-exposed workers from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds
    Fiona Hore-Lacy, StellaMay Gwini, Deborah C. Glass, Christina Dimitriadis, Javier Jimenez-Martin, Ryan F. Hoy, Malcolm R. Sim, Karen Walker-Bone, Jane Fisher
    BMC Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A prospective cohort study of persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals and perceived stress
    Samantha Schildroth, Amelia K Wesselink, Traci N Bethea, Birgit Claus Henn, Alexa Friedman, Victoria Fruh, Chad M Coleman, Sharonda M Lovett, Anissa I Vines, Andreas Sjodin, Julianne Cook Botelho, Antonia M Calafat, Ganesa Wegienka, Jennifer Weuve, Donna
    American Journal of Epidemiology.2024; 193(12): 1729.     CrossRef
  • Antecedents of Work Engagement in the Public Sector: A Systematic Literature Review
    Norfadhillaton Zahari, Maniam Kaliannan
    Review of Public Personnel Administration.2023; 43(3): 557.     CrossRef
  • Reliability and validity of a widely-available AI tool for assessment of stress based on speech
    Batul A. Yawer, Julie Liss, Visar Berisha
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Insomnia is associated with worry, cognitive avoidance and low academic engagement in Argentinian university students during the COVID-19 social isolation
    Ana Veronica Scotta, Mariela Valentina Cortez, Agustín Ramiro Miranda
    Psychology, Health & Medicine.2022; 27(1): 199.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19-related stress in postpartum women from Argentina during the second wave in 2021: Identification of impairing and protective factors
    Agustín R. Miranda, Mariela V. Cortez, Ana V. Scotta, Elio A. Soria
    Midwifery.2022; 108: 103290.     CrossRef
  • Memory enhancement in Argentinian women during postpartum by the dietary intake of lignans and anthocyanins
    Agustín R. Miranda, Mariela V. Cortez, Ana V. Scotta, Luisina Rivadero, Silvana V. Serra, Elio A. Soria
    Nutrition Research.2021; 85: 1.     CrossRef
  • Triggering of postpartum depression and insomnia with cognitive impairment in Argentinian women during the pandemic COVID-19 social isolation in relation to reproductive and health factors
    Agustín Ramiro Miranda, Ana Veronica Scotta, Mariela Valentina Cortez, Elio Andrés Soria
    Midwifery.2021; 102: 103072.     CrossRef
  • Physician perceptions of stress and telemedicine
    Jenna Guma, Katelyn Klimowich, Juming Pan, Philip Collins, Danielle Cooley
    Osteopathic Family Physician.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Effects of Socio-demographic Factors on the Decreasing Trend in the Sex Ratio at Birth in Korea, 1997-2017
Jisuk Bae
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(5):371-380.   Published online August 7, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.282
  • 4,568 View
  • 108 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
This study investigated the effects of socio-demographic factors on the decreasing trend in the sex ratio at birth from 1997 to 2017 in Korea.
Methods
Data from 10 349 602 live births registered with Statistics Korea from 1997 to 2017 were analyzed. The secondary sex ratio (SSR), defined as the ratio of male to female live births, during the study period (1997-1999 [phase I], 2000-2002 [phase II], 2003-2005 [phase III], 2006-2008 [phase IV], 2009-2011 [phase V], 2012-2014 [phase VI], and 2015-2017 [phase VII]) was calculated according to selected socio-demographic factors, such as parental age, education, occupation, and birth order. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for a male birth after adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
The SSR gradually decreased from 1.10 (in 1998-2000 and 2002) to 1.05 (in 2013-2016). While a decreasing trend in the SSR was not noted among first births, male-biased sex ratios were prominent among third and higher-order births, for which the highest SSR was 1.46 in 1998. Higher birth order was significantly associated with an excess of male births in phases I-VI (≥third vs. first, OR range, 1.03 to 1.35). Advanced maternal age was significantly associated with an excess of female births in phases II, III, and V (≥40 vs. 20-24 years, OR range, 0.92 to 0.95).
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that advanced maternal age and reduction of the artificially-biased SSR among third and higher-order births may partially explain the decreasing trend in the SSR from 1997 to 2017 in Korea.
Summary
Effect of Burnout on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Firefighters in Korea: Data From the Firefighter Research on Enhancement of Safety & Health (FRESH)
Woojin Kim, Munjoo Bae, Sei-Jin Chang, Jin-Ha Yoon, Da Yee Jeong, Dae-Sung Hyun, Hye-Yoon Ryu, Ki-Soo Park, Mi-Ji Kim, Changsoo Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(6):345-354.   Published online October 24, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.116
  • 10,798 View
  • 248 Download
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
It is well-known that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among firefighters contributes to their job-related stress. However, the relationship between burnout and PTSD in firefighters has rarely been studied. This study therefore explored the association between burnout and its related factors, such as trauma and violence, and PTSD symptoms among firefighters in Korea.
Methods
A total of 535 firefighters participated in the Firefighter Research on Enhancement of Safety & Health study at 3 university hospitals from 2016 to 2017. The 535 participants received a baseline health examination, including questionnaires assessing their mental health. A Web-based survey was also conducted to collect data on job-related stress, history of exposure to violence, burnout, and trauma experience. The associations among burnout, its related factors, and PTSD symptoms were investigated using structural equation modeling.
Results
Job demands (β=0.411, p<0.001) and effort-reward balance (β=-0.290, p<0.001) were significantly related to burnout. Burnout (β=0.237, p<0.001) and violence (β=0.123, p=0.014) were significantly related to PTSD risk. Trauma (β=0.131, p=0.001) was significantly related to burnout; however, trauma was not directly associated with PTSD scores (β=0.085, p=0.081).
Conclusions
Our results show that burnout and psychological, sexual, and physical violence at the hands of clients directly affected participants’ PTSD symptoms. Burnout mediated the relationship between trauma experience and PTSD.
Summary
Korean summary
535명의 현직소방관을 대상으로 소방공무원에서 업무관련스트레스, 폭력노출, 외상노출, 소진(번아웃), 외상후 스트레스 장애(PTSD) 증상 설문을 시행하였고, 구조방정식 통해 업무스트레스에 의한 소진이 PTSD에 주는 영향과 다른 요인간의 연관성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 업무 환경에서의 높은 직무요구수준과 낮은 노력-보상 균형은 소진을 증가시키며, 업무스트레스에 의한 소진과 근무 중 겪게 되는 폭력노출 경험은 PTSD 점수와 양의 연관관계를 보였다. 반면, 업무 도중 외상사건 경험은 PTSD 점수와 직접적으로 유의한 연관관계를 보이지 않았으나, 소진을 통한 간접적으로 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다.

Citations

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  • Psychological Impact on Firefighters After the 2022 Amok Attack in Berlin at Tauentzienstraße
    Francesco Pahnke, Nils Hüttermann, Jan Philipp Krüger, Ulrich Wesemann
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    Leilei Liang, Yuanchao Hu, Junsong Fei, Tongshuang Yuan, Ren Gao, Jingyi Yue, Qianqian Song, Xixi Zhao, Songli Mei
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2024; 33(3): 1076.     CrossRef
  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Pediatric Healthcare Workers
    Nikolaos Rigas, Zacharias Kyritsis, Maria Dagla, Alexandra Soldatou, Eirini Orovou, Maria Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou, Panagiotis Eskitzis, Evangelia Antoniou
    Nursing Reports.2024; 14(1): 115.     CrossRef
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    Samar Younes, Souheil Hallit, Irfan Mohammed, Sarah El Khatib, Anna Brytek-Matera, Shadrach Chinecherem Eze, Kenneth Egwu, Rawshan Jabeen, Nebojša Pavlović, Pascale Salameh, Michelle Cherfane, Marwan Akel, Chadia Haddad, Randa Choueiry, Feten Fekih-Romdha
    BioPsychoSocial Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    V Thirayan, VY Kong, H Uchino, DL Clarke
    South African Journal of Surgery.2024; 62(1): 14.     CrossRef
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    Romana Pasca, Shannon L. Wagner
    Journal of Family Issues.2023; 44(4): 1074.     CrossRef
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    Elena R. Serrano-Ibáñez, Tania Corrás, Mirtha del Prado, Javier Diz, Carmen Varela
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    Yifang Liu, Li Zou, Shijiao Yan, Pu Zhang, Jun Zhang, Jing Wen, Jing Mao, Longti Li, Ying Wang, Wenning Fu
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 321: 126.     CrossRef
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Brief Report
Background and Activities of the Samsung Ombudsperson Commission in Korea
Cheolsoo Lee, Seong-Kyu Kang, Hyunwook Kim, Inhee Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(4):265-271.   Published online July 3, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.033
  • 8,593 View
  • 107 Download
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
The Samsung Ombudsperson Commission was launched as an independent third-party institution following an agreement among Samsung Electronics, Supporters for Health and Right of People in Semiconductor Industry (Banolim in Korean, an independent NGO), and the Family Compensation Committee, in accordance with the industry accident prevention measure required by the settlement committee to address the issues related to employees who allegedly died from leukemia and other diseases as a result of working at Samsung’s semiconductor production facilities.
Methods
The Commission has carried out a comprehensive range of activities to review and evaluate the status of the company’s occupational accidents management system, as well as occupational safety and health risk management within its facilities.
Results
Based on the results of this review, termed a comprehensive diagnosis, the Commission presented action plans for improvement to strengthen the company’s existing safety and health management system and to effectively address uncertain risks in this area going forward.
Conclusions
The Commission will monitor the execution of the suggested tasks and provide advice and guidance to ensure that Samsung’s semiconductor and liquid crystal display production lines are safer.
Summary
Korean summary
삼성옴부즈만위원회는 ‘삼성전자 반도체 사업장에서의 백혈병 등 질환 발병과 관련된 문제 해결을 위한 조정위원회’의 조정권고안 중 재해예방대책 부분에 대하여 삼성전자, 반올림, 가족대책위원회 등 3자 간에 조정합의가 성립함에 따라 출범한 외부의 독립기구로서, 삼성전자 내부의 재해관리시스템 운영 상황을 비롯하여 사업장 내 산업안전보건관리 현황 등에 관하여 필요한 정보를 삼성전자로부터 제출받아 이를 검토·평가하고 필요한 경우 개선을 권고하는 종합진단 활동을 수행하였다. 종합진단 결과, 삼성옴부즈만위원회는 현재의 안전보건관리 체계를 보다 강화하고 안전보건관리 영역에서 미래의 불확실한 위험을 효과적으로 해소하기 위해 개선권고사항을 제시하였으며, 앞으로 개선권고사항의 이행점검활동을 통해 삼성전자 반도체 및 LCD사업장이 보다 안전한 사업장이 될 수 있도록 지도 및 조언할 예정이다.

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    Aleydis Nissen
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Original Articles
Transformational Leadership and Depressive Symptoms in Germany: Validation of a Short Transformational Leadership Scale
Max Leonhard Seegel, Raphael M. Herr, Michael Schneider, Burkhard Schmidt, Joachim E. Fischer
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(3):161-169.   Published online May 12, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.002
  • 6,079 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The objective of the present study was to validate a shortened transformational leadership (TL) scale (12 items) comprising core TL behaviour and to test the associations of this shortened TL scale with depressive symptoms.
Methods
The study used cross-sectional data from 1632 employees of the overall workforce of a middle-sized German company (51.6% men; mean age, 41.35 years; standard deviation, 9.4 years). TL was assessed with the German version of the Transformational Leadership Inventory and depressive symptoms with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The structural validity of the core TL scale was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis. Associations with depressive symptoms were estimated with structural equation modelling and adjusted logistic regression.
Results
Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling showed better model fit for the core TL than for the full TL score. Logistic regression revealed 3.61-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.20 to 5.93: women) to 4.46-fold (95% CI, 2.86 to 6.95: men) increased odds of reporting depressive symptoms (HADS score >8) for those in the lowest tertile of reported core TL.
Conclusions
The shortened core TL seems to be a valid instrument for research and training purposes in the context of TL and depressive symptoms in employees. Of particular note, men reporting poor TL were more likely to report depressive symptoms.
Summary
Reconstruction of Radiation Dose Received by Diagnostic Radiologic Technologists in Korea
Yeongchull Choi, Jaeyoung Kim, Jung Jeung Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Won Jin Lee
J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(5):288-300.   Published online August 23, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.064
  • 9,056 View
  • 152 Download
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
Diagnostic medical radiation workers in Korea have been officially monitored for their occupational radiation doses since 1996. The purpose of this study was to design models for reconstructing unknown individual radiation doses to which diagnostic radiation technologists were exposed before 1996.
Methods
Radiation dose reconstruction models were developed by using cross-sectional survey data and the personal badge doses of 8167 radiologic technologists. The models included calendar year and age as predictors, and the participants were grouped into six categories according to their sex and facility type. The annual doses between 1971 and 1995 for those who were employed before 1996 were estimated using these models.
Results
The calendar year and age were inversely related to the estimated radiation doses in the models of all six groups. The annual median estimated doses decreased from 9.45 mSv in 1971 to 1.26 mSv in 1995, and the associated dose variation also decreased with time. The estimated median badge doses from 1996 (1.22 mSv) to 2011 (0.30 mSv) were similar to the measured doses (1.68 mSv to 0.21 mSv) for the same years. Similar results were observed for all six groups.
Conclusions
The reconstruction models developed in this study may be useful for estimating historical occupational radiation doses received by medical radiologic technologists in Korea.
Summary

Citations

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Assessment of Occupational Symptoms and Chemical Exposures for Nail Salon Technicians in Daegu City, Korea
Sung-Ae Park, Sugyeong Gwak, Sangjun Choi
J Prev Med Public Health. 2014;47(3):169-176.   Published online May 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.3.169
  • 17,193 View
  • 156 Download
  • 40 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate occupational symptoms and chemical exposures of nail salon technicians.

Methods

Work-related symptoms of nail salon technicians in Daegu City were surveyed using a researcher-administered questionnaire, and responses were compared to those of non-exposed office workers as controls. Personal exposure level of airborne volatile organic compounds was also monitored using passive samplers.

Results

A total of 159 subjects in 120 salons were interviewed. Average work-shift concentrations of 13 chemicals were measured for 50 workers from 30 salons using personal passive samplers. The most frequently reported respiratory or neurologic symptoms by nail shop technicians compared to controls were nose irritation (odds ratio [OR], 54.0; confidence interval [CI], 21.6 to 134.8), followed by headache (OR, 9.3; CI, 4.7 to 18), and throat irritation (OR, 4.3; CI, 2.2 to 8.5). For eyes and skin, 92% of respondents complained eye irritation (OR, 13.1; CI, 5.7 to 30.1). In musculoskeletal symptoms, workers reported pain or discomfort in shoulders (OR, 20.3; CI, 7.7 to 54) and neck (OR, 19.7; CI, 8.9 to 43.6). From personal measurements, the proportion of exceeding the Korean Occupational Exposure Limit was the highest for acetone with 64%, followed by toluene (50%), butyl acetate (46%), and methyl methacrylate (12%). However, the service was being provided without a proper ventilation system in most surveyed shops.

Conclusions

Based on these findings, it is warranted to have appropriate local exhaust ventilation place to ensure adequate health protection of nail shop technicians as well as customers. At the same time, greater policy interests are warranted in nail care business to protect health of both workers and customers.

Summary

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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Changes in Labor Regulations During Economic Crises: Does Deregulation Favor Health and Safety?.
Won Gi Jhang
J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(1):14-21.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.1.14
  • 4,613 View
  • 53 Download
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AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The regulatory changes in Korea during the national economic crisis 10 years ago and in the current global recession were analyzed to understand the characteristics of deregulation in labor policies. METHODS: Data for this study were derived from the Korean government's official database for administrative regulations and a government document reporting deregulation. RESULTS: A great deal of business-friendly deregulation took place during both economic crises. Occupational health and safety were the main targets of deregulation in both periods, and the regulation of employment promotion and vocational training was preserved relatively intact. The sector having to do with working conditions and the on-site welfare of workers was also deregulated greatly during the former economic crisis, but not in the current global recession. CONCLUSIONS: Among the three main areas of labor policy, occupational health and safety was most vulnerable to the deregulation in economic crisis of Korea. A probable reason for this is that the impact of deregulation on the health and safety of workers would not be immediately disclosed after the policy change.
Summary

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English Abstract
Reliability of Self-Reported Information by Farmers on Pesticide Use.
Yo Han Lee, Eun Shil Cha, Eun Kyeong Moon, Kyoung Ae Kong, Sang Baek Koh, Yun Keun Lee, Won Jin Lee
J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):535-542.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.535
  • 5,537 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Exposure assessment is a major challenge faced by studies that evaluate the association between pesticide exposure and adverse health outcomes. The objective of this study was to investigate the reliability of information that farmers self-report regarding their pesticide use. METHODS: Twenty five items based upon existing questionnaires were designed to focus on pesticide exposure. In 2009 a self-administrated survey was conducted on two occasions four weeks apart among 205 farmers residing in Gyeonggi and Gangwon provinces. For a reliability measure, we calculated the percentage agreement, the kappa statistics and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the two reports according to the characteristics of the subjects. RESULTS: Agreement for ever-never use of any pesticide was 96.4% (kappa 0.61). For both 'years used' and 'age at the first use' of overall pesticides, high agreement was obtained (ICC: 0.88 and, 0.78, respectively), whereas those of 'days used' and 'hours used' were relatively low (ICC: 0.42 and, 0.66, respectively). The kappa value for the use of personal protective equipment ranged from 0.46 to 0.59, and hygiene activities came out at 0.19 to 0.37. The agreement for individual pesticide use ranged widely and there was relatively low agreement due to the low response rates. The reliability scores did not significantly vary according to gender, age, the education level, the types of crop or the years of farming. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support that carefully designed, self-reported information on ever-never pesticide use among farmers is reliable. However, the reliability of data on individual pesticide exposure may be unstable due to low response rates and needs to be refined.
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JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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