Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Volume 40(1); January 2007

English Abstracts

The Proportional Mortality Ratios of Specific-cause Mortality by Occupation and Education among Men Aged 20-64 in Korea (1993-2004).: Ki Hye Kim, Kyung Hak Lee, Sang Min Lee, Seung Yeon Lee, Ye Seung Lee, Kyoung Ree Lim, Jee Eun Chang, Sang Won Cho, Eun Hye Choi, Sung Tae Chung, Eunjeong Jin, Mia Son; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):7-15.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.7

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OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the relationship of occupational class and educational background with proportional mortality ratios in Korea. METHODS: Mortality was investigated using the entire registered death data from 1993 to 2004, obtained from the Korean National Statistics Office. Proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) for specific diseases were calculated according to the occupational class and educational background of men aged 20-64. RESULTS: Manual workers were found to have higher PMRs for liver disease and traffic accidents, as did the lower educated group. Especially, this study showed trends of an increasing of the wide gap between lower and higher socioeconomic stati for liver disease, traffic accidents, diabetes mellitus and cerebral vascular disease. The mortality for cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, traffic accident and liver disease showed increasing trends according to the calendar year for the lower than the higher social class. CONCLUSIONS: The specific conditions that had higher PMRs in the Korean lower social class were liver disease and traffic accidents. Especially, there was an increasing trend for a widening of the gap between manual and nonmanual groups in relation to mortality from liver disease, diabetes mellitus and traffic accidents.

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Measurement of Socioeconomic Position in Research on Cardiovascular Health Disparities in Korea: A Systematic Review
Chi-Young Lee, Yong-Hwan Lee
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Yeon-Yong Kim, Un-Na Kim, Jin-Seok Lee, Jong-Heon Park
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Social Determinants of Smoking Behavior: The Healthy Twin Study, Korea
Youn Sik Kim, Hansoo Ko, Changgyo Yoon, Dong-Hun Lee, Joohon Sung
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Comparative Analysis of Unweighted Sample Design and Complex Sample Design Related to the Exploration of Potential Risk Factors of Dysphonia
Hae-Won Byeon
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The Effect of Regular Workers and Non-regular Workers on the Subjective Health Status
Shin-Young Sohn
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 346. CrossRef
Individual and Areal Risk Factors for Road Traffic Injury Deaths: Nationwide Study in South Korea
Kunhee Park, Seung-Sik Hwang, Jin-Seok Lee, Yoon Kim, Soonman Kwon
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2010; 22(3): 320. CrossRef
Development of Composite Deprivation Index for Korea: The Correlation with Standardized Mortality Ratio
Hosung Shin, Suehyung Lee, Jang Min Chu
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2009; 42(6): 392. CrossRef
Health Inequalities in Korea: Current Conditions and Implications
Yu-Mi Kim, Myoung-Hee Kim
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2007; 40(6): 431. CrossRef

Increased DNA Damage of Lymphocytes in Korean Male Smokers.: Joohyun Lee, Eunil Lee, Eunha Oh, Juneyoung Lee, Donggeun Sul, Jooja Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):16-22.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.16

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OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of DNA damage in human lymphocytes caused by smoking and other lifestyle factors. METHODS: The study population consisted of 173 normal healthy male adults from 21 to 59 years old. The demographic and lifestyle variables were obtained from administered questionnaires. The level of lymphocytic DNA damage in the peripheral blood was evaluated by the Comet assay. Statistical analyses were done by general linear model analysis and Dunnett's multiple comparison. RESULTS: The difference in DNA damage between smokers and non-smokers was statistically significant. The means for the Tail%DNA were found to be 10.48 in the current smokers and 9.60 in the non-smokers (p<0.05). The tail moment means were 1.58 and 1.45 (p<0.05) for the current smokers and non-smokers, respectively. The number of cigarettes smoked per day did not result in a significant difference in the level of DNA damage among the smokers. Other lifestyle factors such as age, and drinking and exercise habits were not related to DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS: The DNA damage in the lymphocytes of smokers was found to be significantly higher than that for non-smokers. However, the number of cigarettes smoked per day was not related to DNA damage. Further study is needed to evaluate the relationship between the amount of smoking and level of damage to DNA. In addition, the status of DNA repair activities should be assessed.

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DNA strand breaks in peripheral blood leucocytes of Polish blood donors
Małgorzata M Dobrzyńska, Krzysztof A Pachocki, Katarzyna Owczarska
Mutagenesis.2018; 33(1): 69. CrossRef
The effect of carrot juice, β-carotene supplementation on lymphocyte DNA damage, erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and plasma lipid profiles in Korean smoker
Hye-Jin Lee, Yoo Kyoung Park, Myung-Hee Kang
Nutrition Research and Practice.2011; 5(6): 540. CrossRef

Fasting Serum Glucose and Subsequent Liver Cancer Risk in a Korean Prospective Cohort.: Jin Gwack, Seung Sik Hwang, Kwang Pil Ko, Jae Kwan Jun, Sue Kyung Park, Soung Hoon Chang, Hai Rim Shin, Keun Young Yoo; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):23-28.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.23

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OBJECTIVES
Chronic infections with hepatitis B or C and alcoholic cirrhosis are three well-known major risk factors for liver cancer. Diabetes has also been suggested as a potential risk factor. However, the findings of previous studies have been controversial in terms of the causal association. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum glucose levels and liver cancer development in a Korean cohort. METHODS: Thirty-six liver cancer cases were identified in the Korean Multi-Center Cancer Cohort (KMCC). Baseline information on lifestyle characteristics was obtained via questionnaire. Serum glucose levels were measured at the study's enrollment. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazard regression model. The adjusting variables included age, gender, smoking history, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity. RESULTS: The RRs of serum glucose for liver caner were 1.20 (95% CI=0.48-2.99) for the category of 100 to 125 mg/dL of serum glucose and 2.77 (95% CI=1.24-6.18) for the >126 mg/dL serum glucose category (both compared to the <100 mg/dL category). In a subgroup analysis, the RR of serum glucose among those who were both HBsAg seronegative and non-drinkers was 4.46 (95% CI=1.09-18.28) for those with glucose levels >100 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that a high level of serum glucose can increase liver cancer risk independently of hepatitis infection and drinking history in Koreans. This study implies that glucose intolerance may be an independent risk factor for liver cancer.

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Association Between Prediabetes and Risk, Mortality of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis
Xin Ding, Li Deng, Chuan Cen, Yuyu Yang
Endocrine Research.2024; 49(4): 186. CrossRef
Associations between serum glucose, insulin, insulin resistance and the risk of incident primary liver cancer or chronic liver disease mortality: a nested case–control study
Jian Yin, Neal D. Freedman, Yiwei Liu, Sanford M. Dawsey, Huan Yang, Philip R. Taylor, Liangyu Yin, Bin Liu, Jianfeng Cui, Jinhu Fan, Wen Chen, Youlin Qiao, Christian C. Abnet
British Journal of Cancer.2023; 128(2): 275. CrossRef
Environmental contributions to gastrointestinal and liver cancer in the Asia–Pacific region
Kwang‐Pil Ko, Aesun Shin, Sooyoung Cho, Sue K Park, Keun‐Young Yoo
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2018; 33(1): 111. CrossRef
Recognition criteria for occupational cancers in relation to hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in Korea
Hogil Kim, Yun Kyung Chung, Inah Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
The association between fasting blood glucose and the risk of primary liver cancer in Chinese males: a population-based prospective study
Xiaoshuang Feng, Gang Wang, Ni Li, Zhangyan Lyu, Shuohua Chen, Luopei Wei, Yuheng Chen, Shuanghua Xie, Wenjing Yang, Jian Yin, Hong Cui, Hongda Chen, Jiansong Ren, Jufang Shi, Shouling Wu, Min Dai, Jie He
British Journal of Cancer.2017; 117(9): 1405. CrossRef
Fasting glucose and risk of colorectal cancer in the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort
Hyeree Park, Sooyoung Cho, Hyeongtaek Woo, Sue K. Park, Hai-Rim Shin, Soung-Hoon Chang, Keun-Young Yoo, Aesun Shin, Cheng Hu
PLOS ONE.2017; 12(11): e0188465. CrossRef
Blood glucose concentration and risk of liver cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies
Hedong Han, Tianyi Zhang, Zhichao Jin, Honglei Guo, Xin Wei, Yuzhou Liu, Qi Chen, Jia He
Oncotarget.2017; 8(30): 50164. CrossRef
European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Alcohol drinking and cancer
Chiara Scoccianti, Michele Cecchini, Annie S. Anderson, Franco Berrino, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Carolina Espina, Timothy J. Key, Michael Leitzmann, Teresa Norat, Hilary Powers, Martin Wiseman, Isabelle Romieu
Cancer Epidemiology.2016; 45: 181. CrossRef
European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Alcohol drinking and cancer
Chiara Scoccianti, Michele Cecchini, Annie S. Anderson, Franco Berrino, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Carolina Espina, Timothy J. Key, Michael Leitzmann, Teresa Norat, Hilary Powers, Martin Wiseman, Isabelle Romieu
Cancer Epidemiology.2015; 39: S67. CrossRef
Cohort Profile: Community-based prospective cohort from the National Cancer Center, Korea
Jin-Kyoung Oh, Min Kyung Lim, E Hwa Yun, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Soung-Hoon Chang, Sue Kyung Park, Sung-Il Cho, Dong-Hyun Kim, Keun-Young Yoo, Hai-Rim Shin
International Journal of Epidemiology.2015; : dyv302. CrossRef
Attributable fraction of alcohol consumption on cancer using population-based nationwide cancer incidence and mortality data in the Republic of Korea
Sohee Park, Hai-Rim Shin, Boram Lee, Aesun Shin, Kyu-Won Jung, Duk-Hee Lee, Sun Ha Jee, Sung-Il Cho, Sue Kyung Park, Mathieu Boniol, Paolo Boffetta, Elisabete Weiderpass
BMC Cancer.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Prediabetes and the risk of cancer: a meta-analysis
Yi Huang, Xiaoyan Cai, Miaozhen Qiu, Peisong Chen, Hongfeng Tang, Yunzhao Hu, Yuli Huang
Diabetologia.2014; 57(11): 2261. CrossRef
Serum glucose and risk of cancer: a meta-analysis
Danielle J Crawley, Lars Holmberg, Jennifer C Melvin, Massimo Loda, Simon Chowdhury, Sarah M Rudman, Mieke Van Hemelrijck
BMC Cancer.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent Evidence on Alcohol and Cancer Epidemiology
Chiara Scoccianti, Kurt Straif, Isabelle Romieu
Future Oncology.2013; 9(9): 1315. CrossRef
Multiplicative synergistic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development among hepatitis B and C co-infected subjects in HBV endemic area: a community-based cohort study
Jin-Kyoung Oh, Hai-Rim Shin, Min Kyung Lim, Heeyoun Cho, Dong-Il Kim, Youngmee Jee, Haesun Yun, Keun-Young Yoo
BMC Cancer.2012;[Epub] CrossRef
Coinfection of hepatitis B and C viruses and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Lisa Y. Cho, Jae Jeong Yang, Kwang‐Pil Ko, Boyoung Park, Aesun Shin, Min Kyung Lim, Jin‐Kyoung Oh, Sohee Park, Yoon Jun Kim, Hai‐Rim Shin, Keun‐Young Yoo, Sue K. Park
International Journal of Cancer.2011; 128(1): 176. CrossRef

The Trend of Risk-adjusted Hospital Mortality Rates of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients from 2001 to 2003.: Kwang Soo Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):29-35.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.29

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
To assess whether the risk-adjusted inhospital mortality rates for non-emergent and isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) patients exhibited a consistent trend from 2001 to 2003. METHODS: The data used in this study came from CABG claims that were submitted to a Korean Health Insurance Review Agency (HIRA) in 2001, 2002, and 2003. Study datasets included data from 17 tertiary hospitals, which had at least 25 claims each year over 3 years. The interhospital differences in patients' risk-factors were identified and controlled in the risk-adjustment model. Actual and predicted mortality rates for each hospital were calculated in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2001+2002, and were then examined to identify consistent rate patterns over time. Kappa analysis was applied to assess the agreements between rates. RESULTS: Hospitals with lower-than-expected inpatient mortality rates showed more consistent rates than those with higher-than-expected mortality rates. The mortality rates that were calculated based on data obtained over multiple years had less variation among hospitals than rates based on single year data. Based on the Kappa score, the highest agreement was found when the rates were compared between the 2-year combined data (2001+2002) and 2003. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent patterns over 3 years were most evident for hospitals which had lower-than expected mortality rates. Policy makers can use this information to identify the degree of outcomes in hospitals and help motivate or channel the behaviors of providers.; Summary

Educational Differences in Health Care Utilization in the Last Year of Life among South Korean Cancer Patients.: Soo Young Choo, Sang Yi Lee, Chul Woung Kim, Su Young Kim, Tae Ho Yoon, Hai Rim Shin, Ok Ryun Moon; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):36-44.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.36

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OBJECTIVES
There have been few studies examining the differences in health care utilization across social classes during the last year of life. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the quantitative and qualitative differences in health care utilization among cancer patients across educational classes in their last year of life, and derived from it implications for policy. METHODS: To evaluate health care utilization by cancer patients in the last year of life, Death certificate data from 2004 were merged with National Health Insurance data (n=60,088). In order to use educational level as a social class index, we selected the individuals aged 40 and over as study subjects (n=57,484). We analyzed the differences in the medical expenditures, admission days, and rates of admission experience across educational classes descriptively. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between medical expenditures and independent variables such as sex, age, education class, site of death and type of cancer. RESULTS: The upper educational class spent much more on medical expenditures in the last one year of life, particularly during the last month of life, than the lower educational class did. The ratio of monthly medical expenditures per capita between the college class and no education class was 2.5 in the last 6-12 months of life, but the ratio was 1.6 in the last 1 month. Also, the lower the educational class, the higher the proportion of medical expenditures during the last one month of life, compared to total medical expenditures in the last one year of life. The college educational class had a much higher rate of admission experiences in tertiary hospitals within Seoul than the other education classes did. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the lower educational classes had qualitative and quantitative disadvantages in utilizing health care services for cancer in the last year of life.

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Cross-national differences in wealth inequality in health services and caregiving used near the end of life
Jennifer A. Ailshire, Cristian A. Herrera, Eunyoung Choi, Margarita Osuna, Elina Suzuki
eClinicalMedicine.2023; 58: 101911. CrossRef
Socioeconomic differences in the perception of inequalities in healthcare utilization and health in South Korea
Nayeon Kim, Hye-won Yun, Juwon Park, Fatima Nari, Hee Jin Wang, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, Mina Suh
Preventive Medicine Reports.2023; 36: 102445. CrossRef
Cross-National Differences in Wealth Inequality in Health Services and Caregiving Used Near the End of Life
Jennifer A. Ailshire, Cristian A. Herrera, Eunyoung Choi, Margarita Osuna, Elina M. Suzuki
SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Socioeconomic position and use of healthcare in the last year of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Joanna M. Davies, Katherine E. Sleeman, Javiera Leniz, Rebecca Wilson, Irene J. Higginson, Julia Verne, Matthew Maddocks, Fliss E. M. Murtagh, Holly Gwen Prigerson
PLOS Medicine.2019; 16(4): e1002782. CrossRef
Joint Symposium of Korean Cancer Association & UICC-ARO—Cross-boundary cancer studies: cancer and Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Asia
Eun-Cheol Park, Norie Kawahara, Shinjiro Nozaki, Hasbullah Thabrany, Shunya Yoshimi, Sohee Park, Duk Hyoung Lee, Hideyuki Akaza, Jae Kyung Roh
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2017; 47(9): 889. CrossRef
Medical Costs and Healthcare Utilization among Cancer Decedents in the Last Year of Life in 2009
Inuk Hwang, Dong Wook Shin, Kyoung Hee Kang, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Jong-Hyock Park
Cancer Research and Treatment.2016; 48(1): 365. CrossRef
Barriers to Cancer Care, Perceived Social Support, and Patient Navigation Services for Korean Breast Cancer Patients
Jung-won Lim
Social Work in Health Care.2015; 54(1): 47. CrossRef
Equity in health care: current situation in South Korea
Hong-Jun Cho
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2013; 56(3): 184. CrossRef
Inequalities in Medical Care Utilization by South Korean Cancer Patients According to Income: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Tae Ho Yoon, Sang-Yi Lee, Chul-Woung Kim, Su Young Kim, Baek-Geun Jeong, Hyeung-Keun Park
International Journal of Health Services.2011; 41(1): 51. CrossRef
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Min Young Kim, Jong Ku Park, Sang Baek Koh, Chun-Bae Kim
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2010; 43(6): 513. CrossRef

Relationship between the Source of Energy Intake and Obesity in Korean Women Using the Average of Four 3-day Dietary Records.: Myung Hee Shin, Mi Ock Yoon, Seok Jin Nam, Yun Mi Song; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):45-50.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.45

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OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the contributions of macronutrients to the total energy intakes and Body Mass Indices (BMI, kg/m2) of Korean women. METHODS: We used dietary records data from 115 healthy Korean women, ages 20 and over, who completed four 3-day dietary records between February 2003 and March 2004. For the calculation of nutrients we used a dietary assessment program developed by the Korean Nutritional Society. Macronutrient intakes were estimated by averaging individual total daily intakes in four 3-day dietary records. Subjects were categorized into three Body Mass Index (BMI) groups: underweight (BMI<20), normal (20< or =BMI<25), and overweight (BMI> or =25) group. RESULTS: The total energy intakes were not different among the three BMI groups. Similarly, other macronutrient intakes such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, vegetable protein, animal protein, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were not different. From the multivariate nutrient density model, substituting polyunsaturated fatty acid for carbohydrate was positively associated with BMI in women aged 20 to 49 (beta=2.31, p<0.01). In women aged 50 and over, substituting animal protein for carbohydrate was positively associated with BMI (beta=0.549, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: No single macronutrient was associated with BMI when all subjects were combined. However, when stratified by age, polyunsaturated fatty acid intake in younger women, and animal protein intake in older women, were positively associated with BMI. In the future, we recommend a larger study to confirm these results.

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Carbohydrate-to-fat ratio affects food intake and body weight in Wistar rats
Ren-Ying Xu, Yan-Ping Wan, Qing-Ya Tang, Jiang Wu, Wei Cai
Experimental Biology and Medicine.2010; 235(7): 833. CrossRef
The Effect of Nutrition Education and Excercise Program on Body Composition and Dietary Intakes, Blood Lipid and Physical Fitness in Obese Women
Hee Seung Lee, Ji Won Lee, Namsoo Chang, Ji-Myung Kim
The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2009; 42(8): 759. CrossRef

Continuity of Care of Patient with Diabetes and Its Affecting Factors in Korea.: Chai Hyun Yoon, Sin Jae Lee, Sooyoung Choo, Ok Ryun Moon, Jae Hyun Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):51-58.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.51

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study were to estimate the continuity of care for all Koreans with diabetes and to identify factors affecting the continuity of care. METHODS: We obtained National Health Insurance claims data for patients with diabetes who visited health-care providers during the year 2004. A total of 1,498,327 patients were included as study subjects. Most Frequent Provider Continuity (MFPC) and Modified, Modified Continuity Index (MMCI) were used as indexes of continuity of care. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting continuity of care. RESULTS: The average continuity of care in the entire population of 1,498,327 patients was 0.89+/-0.17 as calculated by MFPC and 0.92+/-0.16 by MMCI. In a multiple linear regression analysis, both MFPC and MMCI were lower for females than males, disabled than non-disabled, Medicaid beneficiaries than health insurance beneficiaries, patients with low monthly insurance contributions, patients in rural residential areas, and patients whose most frequently visited provider is the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: The continuity of care for patients with diabetes is high in Korea. However, women, the disabled and people of low socio-economic status have relatively low continuity of care. Therefore, our first priority is to promote a diabetes management program for these patients.

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Analysis of Continuity of Care and Its Related Factors in Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
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The Role of Continuity of Care in the Management of Chronic Disease
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Korean Journal of Medicine.2014; 86(5): 585. CrossRef
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Effects of Personal Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide on Peak Expiratory Flow in Asthmatic Patients.: Ho Jang Kwon, Sang Gyu Lee, Young Koo Jee, Sang Rok Lee, Seung Sik Hwang; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):59-63.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.59

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been inconsistently associated with gradual decreases in lung function. Here, we studied the effects of NO2 exposure in asthmatics by examining the association between changes in lung function and concentrations of NO2 which were personally measured. METHODS: Peak expiratory flow (PEF) and daily personal exposures to NO2 were recorded on 28 patients with asthma (confirmed by methacholine provocation test) over 4 weeks. We used generalized estimating equations to assess the relationship between personal NO2 exposure and PEF, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, gender, outdoor particulate matter, temperature, humidity, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. RESULTS: The personal NO2 exposures were higher than the corresponding ambient levels. The mean personal: ambient ratio for NO2 was 1.48. The personal NO2 exposures were not associated with the morning PEF, evening PEF, or the diurnal PEF variability. However, environmental tobacco smoke was negatively associated with both the morning and evening PEF. CONCLUSIONS: Among the asthmatic adults who participated in this study, we found no apparent impact of personal NO2 exposures on the peak expiratory flow.

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The statistical evaluation and comparison of ADMS-Urban model for the prediction of nitrogen dioxide with air quality monitoring network
Audrius Dėdelė, Auksė Miškinytė
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Acute effects of air pollution on peak expiratory flow rates and symptoms among asthmatic patients in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Phongtape Wiwatanadate, Chalerm Liwsrisakun
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2011; 214(3): 251. CrossRef
The respiratory health effects of nitrogen dioxide in children with asthma
J. Gillespie-Bennett, N. Pierse, K. Wickens, J. Crane, P. Howden-Chapman
European Respiratory Journal.2011; 38(2): 303. CrossRef

A Study on Facilitators and Inhibitors to the Introduction of Outsourcing in the Hospital Information Systems in Korea.: Soon Choy, Hyeong Sik Shin, Inyoung Choi, Sukil Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):64-70.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.64

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate the current status of outsourcing in Korean hospital information systems and the factors influencing its introduction. METHODS: The authors surveyed 136 hospitals located in Seoul and its surrounding vicinities from June 7 to June 23, 2006. The facilitators and inhibitors to outsourcing in hospital information systems were derived from literature and expert reviews. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the major influencing factors on outsourcing in hospital information systems. RESULTS: Eighty-six (63.2%) of the 136 hospitals surveyed, which were mainly tertiary hospitals, responded to using outsourcing for their hospital information systems. "Hardware and software maintenance and support," "application development," and "management of service and staff" were the major areas of outsourcing. Outsourcing had been employed for 4~7 years by 45.5% of the hospitals and the proportion of the budget used for outsourcing was less than 20%. A need for an extension in outsourcing was agreed on by 76.5% of the hospitals. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that both consumer satisfaction and security risk have an influence on hospital information system outsourcing. CONCLUSIONS: Outsourcing in hospital information systems is expected to increase just as in other industries. One primary facilitator to outsourcing in other industries is consumer satisfaction. We found that this was also a facilitator to outsourcing in hospital information systems. Security risk, which is usually considered an inhibitor to information technology outsourcing, was proven to be an inhibitor here as well. The results of this study may help hospital information systems establish a strategy and management plan for outsourcing.

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Antonio Miguel Cruz, Adriana Maria Rios Rincon
European Journal of Operational Research.2012; 221(1): 186. CrossRef

Apolipopretein A-I and B Distribution among the Employees and their Partners in Korea.: Won Sool Kim, Dong Il Kim, Byung Sung Suh; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):71-76.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.71

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OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the distribution of apolipoproteins A-I and B among Korean employees and their partners. METHODS: The study population consisted of 7,633 men and women (4,578 men and 3,054 women) residing in Seoul and Kyung-gee Do, with an average age of 43.5+/-8.3 years. Blood samples were collected following at least 12 hours of fasting. Apolipoproteins A-I and B were measured using a Behring Nephelometer analyzer. The body mass index (BMI) for each participant was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m2). Information on health-related behaviors such as exercise, alcohol intake, and smoking habits was collected through selfadministrated questionnaires. RESULTS: The mean concentrations of Apo A-I were 132.6+/-22.3 mg/dL and 142.9+/-24.8 mg/dL in the men and women, respectively. The concentration of Apo A-I increased significantly across all age categories of men. The mean concentrations of Apo B were 101.7+/-23.2 mg/dL and 87.8+/-23.5 mg/dL in the men and women, respectively, and Apo B increased significantly across all age categories for both the men and women. Exercise and BMI were major determinants for Apo A-I and B levels. The 10th percentile of Apo A-I concentration was 109 mg/dL in the men and 113 mg/dL in the women, and the 90th percentile of Apo B concentration was 131 mg/dL in the men and 118 mg/dL women. CONCLUSIONS: For the prevention of coronary artery disease, we recommend that for individuals in the 10th percentile of concentration for Apo A-I and the 90th percentile of concentration for Apo B, active preventive interventions such as weight loss and exercise should be taken. This study, within its limitations, may be useful for evaluating apolipoprotein A-I and B concentrations in Korean adults.

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