Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Most-download articles are from the articles published in 2023 during the last three month.

Original Article

The Effects of Subjective Socioeconomic Status and Social Capital on Self-rated Health and Perceived Quality of Life: A Cross-sectional Survey-based Study in a Minority Group in Iran: Rashid Ahmadifar, Nader Rajabi-Gilan, Shirzad Rostamizadeh, Nsrolah Nadimi, Parviz Sobhani, Adel Irankhah; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):11-20. Published online October 5, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.210

16,765 View
383 Download

Abstract Summary PDF: Objectives
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of subjective socioeconomic status and social capital on self-rated health and quality of life among a minority group in Iran.
Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 800 individuals from a minority group in Iran. The sampling method was clustering, and data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 18 and Stata version 8.
Results
The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that subjective socioeconomic status (odds ratio [OR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34 to 1.61), belonging and empathy (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.15), and trust (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.13) significantly impacted the quality of life. Additionally, the logistic regression analysis for factors influencing self–rated health demonstrated significant effects for the age group of 31-50 years (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.91), gender (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.92), academic education (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.22 to 3.26), subjective socioeconomic status (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.38), chronic disease (OR, 4.52; 95% CI, 2.49 to 8.19), belonging and empathy (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.11), and participation (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.24).
Conclusions
The findings indicate that bonding social capital significantly influences health levels and quality of life. Focusing on delegating local responsibilities to community members and striving to promote participation in health programs, along with increasing the socioeconomic status of minority groups, can effectively improve their health and quality of life.; Summary

Key Message
The overall findings suggest that the dimensions of bonding social capital were more effective in predicting respondents' self-rated health (SRH) and perceived quality of life (QOL). Specifically, the variables of belonging/empathy and trust, were found to increase the likelihood of a positive QOL by 9% and 6%, respectively. The findings also showed that belonging/empathy and participation increase the likelihood of a positive SRH by 6% and 12%, respectively. Additionally, a 1-unit increase in Subjective Socioeconomic Status was associated with a 27% and 47% increase in the likelihood of having a positive SRH and QOL respectively.

Systematic Review

Effects of Physical and Mind-body Exercise on Sleep Quality in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis: Yohanes Andy Rias, Renny Wulan Apriliyasari, Made Satya Nugraha Gautama, Faizul Hasan, Margareta Teli, Hsiao-Yean Chiu, Ratsiri Thato; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):1-10. Published online October 7, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.354

2,360 View
416 Download
1 Web of Science
1 Crossref

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Physical and mind-body exercises represent distinct intervention strategies that may improve sleep quality by influencing physiological and psychological factors. Nevertheless, their effectiveness in individuals with diabetes is not well-established. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the impacts of physical and mind-body exercise interventions on sleep quality in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Methods
Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria were identified from PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Ovid-Medline Library. The effect size for sleep quality was calculated using the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), employing a random-effects model. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also examined, and subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were performed.
Results
Physical and mind-body exercise interventions significantly improved sleep quality, with an SMD of -1.040 (95% CI, -1.686 to -0.394). Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences with respect to the type of intervention (p=0.047), or its duration (p=0.282). Meta-regression analysis indicated that mean hemoglobin A1c level was the only factor to be significantly related to the effect size for sleep quality, demonstrating a negative association (p=0.033). The assessment of publication bias and the sensitivity analysis suggested that the findings were reliable and robust.
Conclusions
Physical and mind-body exercises may serve as effective interventions for patients with diabetes mellitus who experience poor sleep quality. However, to substantiate these findings, additional rigorous RCTs with larger sample sizes, longer follow-up periods, and standardized interventions are required.

Summary

Key Message
This systematic review and meta-analysis reviewed the impact of physical and mind-body exercise interventions on sleep quality in individuals with diabetes mellitus, examining six randomised, controlled trials. The results indicated a notable enhancement in sleep quality. A meta-analysis revealed a negative correlation between haemoglobin A1c levels and improvements in sleep quality. The findings suggest that physical and mind-body exercise are effective methods for improving sleep quality; however, additional rigorous research with larger sample sizes and standardised protocols is necessary.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Acute and chronic effects of inspiratory muscle training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Zoé Breuil-Marsal, Clémence Godek, Amandine Lotti, Patrick Feiereisen, Isabela Roque Marçal, Patricia Rehder-Santos, Juliana Cristina Milan-Mattos, Raphael Martins de Abreu
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Review

Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Necessity and Characteristics: Jeehee Pyo, Won Lee, Eun Young Choi, Seung Gyeong Jang, Minsu Ock; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(1):12-20. Published online January 10, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.451

29,763 View
1,092 Download
45 Web of Science
55 Crossref

Abstract Summary PDF

Quantitative and qualitative research explore various social phenomena using different methods. However, there has been a tendency to treat quantitative studies using complicated statistical techniques as more scientific and superior, whereas relatively few qualitative studies have been conducted in the medical and healthcare fields. This review aimed to provide a proper understanding of qualitative research. This review examined the characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research to help researchers select the appropriate qualitative research methodology. Qualitative research is applicable in following cases: (1) when an exploratory approach is required on a topic that is not well known, (2) when something cannot be explained fully with quantitative research, (3) when it is necessary to newly present a specific view on a research topic that is difficult to explain with existing views, (4) when it is inappropriate to present the rationale or theoretical proposition for designing hypotheses, as in quantitative research, and (5) when conducting research that requires detailed descriptive writing with literary expressions. Qualitative research is conducted in the following order: (1) selection of a research topic and question, (2) selection of a theoretical framework and methods, (3) literature analysis, (4) selection of the research participants and data collection methods, (5) data analysis and description of findings, and (6) research validation. This review can contribute to the more active use of qualitative research in healthcare, and the findings are expected to instill a proper understanding of qualitative research in researchers who review qualitative research reports and papers.

Summary

Korean summary
이 원고는 질적연구 방법론의 필요성 및 특징과 함께 보건의료 분야에서 질적연구 방법론이 활용된 선행 연구들을 정리하였다. 이는 보건의료 분야의 사회과학적 특성을 더 잘 드러내는 질적연구 방법론의 적용 및 확대에 도움이 될 것이다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The World Café as a Tool for Evaluating the Level of Acceptance of SARS‐CoV‐2 Screening in School Settings, Puglia Region, Italy, 2023
Valeria Gabellone, Fabiana Nuccetelli, Elisa Gabrielli, Leonardo Ascatigno, Pier Luigi Lopalco, Rosa Prato
Health Expectations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
“Having providers who are trained and have empathy is life-saving”: Improving primary care communication through thematic analysis with ChatGPT and human expertise
Michelle A. Stage, Mackenzie M. Creamer, Mollie A. Ruben
PEC Innovation.2025; 6: 100371. CrossRef
Exploring digital health: a qualitative study on adults’ experiences with health apps and wearables
Gaia Leuzzi, Filippo Recenti, Benedetto Giardulli, Aldo Scafoglieri, Marco Testa
International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative methods: the missing link in orthopaedic research
Samantha Jones, Sarah Tyson
Bone & Joint Research.2025; 14(1): 16. CrossRef
Exploring the Experiences of Managers and Practitioners in Infectious Disease Management Organizations During the COVID-19 Response: A Qualitative Study
Jeehee Pyo, Jiyoon Jeong, Hyeran Jeong, Minsu Ock
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Breast Cancer Patients' Experiences of Coping With Financial Toxicity: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta‐Synthesis
Liu Jiahui, Li Xingfeng, Wang Lijie, Li Xuying, Li Jinhua, Fang Yunxia, Chen Jiejun
Psycho-Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Facilitators and Barriers of Health Behaviors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Wenyan Liu, Qianghuizi Zhang, Weiwei Liu
The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care.2025; 51(1): 47. CrossRef
Ensuring validity and reliability in qualitative research
Helen Noble, Joanna Smith
Evidence Based Nursing.2025; : ebnurs-2024-104232. CrossRef
A Case Report of a Mixed‐Methods Assessment of Patient Experiences to Inform Quality Improvement in an Emergency Department in Argentina
María Florencia Grande Ratti, Noelia De Masi, Leonardo Garfi, Lucila Hornstein, Esteban Rochina, Maria De La Paz Rodriguez, Ana Soledad Pedretti, Bernardo Julio Martinez
The International Journal of Health Planning and Management.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Understanding Caregiver Burden in Severe Pediatric Asthma - A Qualitative Study
Ping Wu, Jiahui Zhang, Yijing Hu
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2025; Volume 18: 865. CrossRef
Undergraduate medical students’ perceptions and perspectives on their clinical reasoning learning experiences
Mohamed Hesham Sayed, Moustafa Abdelaal Hegazi, Nadeem Alam Zubairi, Turki Saad Alahmadi, Fajr Adel Saeedi
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring marriage beliefs from the perspectives of married students
Efat Sadeghian, Seyed Ali Ghasemi, Maryam Maddineshat
Frontiers in Psychology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
On a heuristic evaluation system for Industry 5.0 with respect to interventions: the case of training in businesses
Alexios Papacharalampopoulos, Olga Maria Karagianni, Panagiotis Stavropoulos, Unai Ziarsolo, Peter Totterdill, Rosemary Exton, Steven Dhondt, Peter Oeij, Matteo Fedeli, Massimo Ippolito, Fabrizio Timo, Arturas Gumuliauskas, Dovilė Eitmantytė, Unai Elorza
Procedia CIRP.2025; 132: 122. CrossRef
How I Do It: Teaching and Applying Qualitative Methods to Improve Surgical Simulation Design and Implementation
Lou Clark, Lauren Weaver, Eugene Floersch, Mojca Remskar, Melissa Brunsvold, Anne Woll
Journal of Surgical Education.2025; 82(5): 103481. CrossRef
Current state of entry-level physical therapy qualitative research methods curricula in the United States: A faculty survey
Michelle E. Wormley, Chris Sebelski, Jason Cook, Gail Jensen, Melissa M. Tovin
Physiotherapy Theory and Practice.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Reinforcing Primary Care in Korea: Policy Implications, Data Sources, and Research Methods
Chung-Nyun Kim, Seok-Jun Yoon
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the experiences of cancer patients: What drives them to seek treatment outside their residential area and what are the experiences resulting from that decision? A qualitative study
Jeehee Pyo, Mina Lee, Haneul Lee, Minsu Ock, Ali Haider Mohammed
PLOS ONE.2025; 20(3): e0319650. CrossRef
Experiences, challenges, and training reflections of nurses in isolation wards during different pandemic prevention policy periods: a qualitative study
Dandan Zhang, Yitong Jia, Yongjun Chen, Qingqing Liao, Meimei Wang, Yin-Ping Zhang
BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative analysis of oral health behaviour and utilisation of oral health care services in the general population and among patients with non-communicable diseases in Korea: a repeated cross-sectional survey conducted from 2008 to 2022
Jeehee Pyo, Hyeran Jeong, Noor Afif Mahmudah, Young-Kwon Park, Minsu Ock, Pracheth Raghuveer
PLOS One.2025; 20(4): e0321816. CrossRef
A qualitative pilot study exploring clients’ and health-care professionals’ experiences with aquatic therapy post-stroke in Ontario, Canada
Andresa R. Marinho-Buzelli, Abirami Vijayakumar, Elizabeth Linkewich, Catherine Gareau, Hasnain Mawji, Zoe Li, Sander L. Hitzig
Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation.2024; 31(1): 86. CrossRef
The Mindfulness-Based Social Work and Self-Care Programme: A Focus Group Study
Alan Maddock, Karen McGuigan, Pearse McCusker, Jane Kellock
Clinical Social Work Journal.2024; 52(1): 48. CrossRef
Kazakhstani elite athletes’ perspectives on the Tokyo 2020 olympic and paralympic games postponement and their preparation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Venera Abdulla, Natalya Glushkova, Kulman Nyssanbayeva, Maira Bakasheva, Dominic Sagoe
Performance Enhancement & Health.2024; 12(1): 100270. CrossRef
Surgical De-escalation in Breast Cancer: Qualitative Research Introduces Hope for Patients and Illuminates a Blind Spot Within Blinded Studies
Jose G. Bazan, Benjamin W. Corn
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 118(2): 455. CrossRef
Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods, and Triangulation Research Simplified
Lina Najib Kawar, Ghada B. Dunbar, Emma M. Aquino-Maneja, Sarah L. Flores, Victoria Rondez Squier, Kim Reina Failla
The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing.2024; 55(7): 338. CrossRef
Co-designing an intervention using the COM-B model to change an eating behaviour in people living with achalasia
Melika Kalantari, Amelia Hollywood, Rosemary Lim, Majid Hashemi
Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative case study on the disability acceptance experiences of soldiers with disabilities
Haneul Lee, Jeehee Pyo, Minsu Ock, Hyun Joo Kim
International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative Comparison of Perceptions Regarding Patient Engagement for Patient Safety by Physicians, Nurses, and Patients
Seung Gyeong Jang, Minsu Ock, Soyoon Kim
Patient Preference and Adherence.2024; Volume 18: 1065. CrossRef
Coping Mechanisms Utilized by Individuals With Drug Addiction in Overcoming Challenges During the Recovery Process: A Qualitative Meta-synthesis
Agus Setiawan, Junaiti Sahar, Budi Santoso, Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Syamikar Baridwan Syamsir
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2024; 57(3): 197. CrossRef
Quality of Life of deaf adolescents in high school: A systematic literature review
Abdullah Madhesh
Research in Developmental Disabilities.2024; 151: 104764. CrossRef
Perspectives of Family Caregivers on Healthcare Provided to Older Adults With Hypertension and/or Diabetes Mellitus in Ghana
Edward Appiah Boateng, Rosemary Agyapomah, Isaac Amankwaa, Veronica Millicent Dzomeku, Lawrencia Oppong Peprah
Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
From exclusion to inclusion: unveiling the macro and micro dynamics of second chance education
Georgia Karakitsiou, Aikaterini Arvaniti, Spyridon Plakias, Anna Tsiakiri, George M. Pamboris, Maria Samakouri, Katerina Kedraka
Studies in the Education of Adults.2024; : 1. CrossRef
Psychometric Characteristics of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory-Severity Subscale Among Korean Cancer Survivors
So-Young Park
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2024; 57(4): 319. CrossRef
Scoping review of the music-based movement therapy Ronnie Gardiner Method
Laura Harjunen, K. Östman, P. Pohl
Disability and Rehabilitation.2024; : 1. CrossRef
Perceptions and attitudes of nurse practitioners toward artificial intelligence adoption in health care
Moustaq Karim Khan Rony, Sharker Md. Numan, Fateha tuj Johra, Khadiza Akter, Fazila Akter, Mitun Debnath, Sujit Mondal, Md. Wahiduzzaman, Mousumi Das, Mohammad Ullah, Mohammad Habibur Rahman, Shuvashish Das Bala, Mst. Rina Parvin
Health Science Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Dresden Model of Adaptability: A Holistic Approach to Human-Centeredness, Resilience, Sustainability, and the Impact on the Sustainable Development Goals in the Era of Industry 5.0
Nicole Jäpel, Pia Bielitz, Dirk Reichelt
Digital.2024; 4(3): 726. CrossRef
The importance of qualitative research in the contemporary era
Kalaiselvan Ganapathy
Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research.2024; 2: 59. CrossRef
Follow-up care experience of patients with invasive meningococcal disease and their family caregivers: a qualitative study
Alexiane Baloche, Pierrick Bedouch, Florence Carrouel, Laurent Argaud, Karine Kolev, Guillaume Mortamet, Carole Schwebel, Gérard Mick, Claude Dussart
BMC Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
It Is Time to Take Complaints Seriously? An Exploratory Analysis of Communications Sent by Users to a Public Healthcare Agency before, during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Claudia Venuleo, Tiziana Marinaci, Camilla Cucugliato, Sonia Giausa
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(10): 1299. CrossRef
Fostering Mental-Wellbeing and Health Behavior through Online learning Measures and Cyber Resilience
E. Seda Koç
American Journal of Health Behavior.2024; 48(4): 1039. CrossRef
Nurses' experiences of working with robotic assisted surgery in an Irish healthcare setting: A qualitative descriptive design
Rita Moloney, Alice Coffey, J.Calvin Coffey, Brid O. Brien
Nurse Education in Practice.2024; 81: 104183. CrossRef
NAVIGATING BARRIERS: THE NEED FOR INTEGRATED HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR TUBERCULOSIS-DIABETES CO-SCREENING
Merita Arini, Denny Anggoro Prakoso, Farid Suryanto, Arlina Dewi, Muzaitul Akma Binti Mustapa Kamal Basha
Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia.2024; 12(1): 162. CrossRef
Knowledge and awareness of ocular allergy among undergraduate students at a public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Khalid Bin Abdulrahman, Abdullah Fahad Abutheeb, Abdullah Zaki Al-Fahd, Majed Khalid Bahmid, Nasser Rashed Al-Tayar, Omar Ahmed Almukhalafi
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2024; 13(11): 4971. CrossRef
Kinesiophobia as a Barrier to Symptom Management Using Physical Activity When undergoing Cancer Therapy: A Preparatory Study Describing Patients’ Experiences With the New Instrument Tampa-Scale for Kinesiophobia-Symptoms and Interviews
Tove Bylund-Grenklo, Anna Efverman
Integrative Cancer Therapies.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Indonesian Nurses’ Perspectives on Developing Mobile Applications to Improve Diabetes Management in the Community: A Qualitative Study
Sumarno Adi Subrata, Robiul Fitri Masithoh, Dimas Sasongko
Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research.2024; 29(1): 137. CrossRef
Participant selection procedures in qualitative research: experiences and some points for consideration
Niroj Dahal, Bharat Prasad Neupane, Binod Prasad Pant, Rebat Kumar Dhakal, Dhudi Raj Giri, Puna Ram Ghimire, Laxman Prasad Bhandari
Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Motivaciones y desafíos de mujeres propietarias de negocio de la Ciudad de México y zona conurbada
Claudia Alejandra Hernández Herrera
Revista Científica Integración.2024; 8(2): 11. CrossRef
Expectations of Teachers Living With HIV/AIDS: A Call for Support from School Principals
Zvisinei Moyo
Journal of Educational Studies.2024; 23(4): 154. CrossRef
Conducting and Writing Quantitative and Qualitative Research
Edward Barroga, Glafera Janet Matanguihan, Atsuko Furuta, Makiko Arima, Shizuma Tsuchiya, Chikako Kawahara, Yusuke Takamiya, Miki Izumi
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
“The chameleon among diseases” - an explorative view of sarcoidosis and identification of the consequences for affected patients and relatives using qualitative interviews
Charlotte Hilker, Johanna Weis, Stefanie Ziehfreund, Elizabeth V. Arkema, Tilo Biedermann, Alexander Zink
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Data Analysis
Dasom Im, Jeehye Pyo, Haneul Lee, Hyeran Jung, Minsu Ock
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(2): 100. CrossRef
‘How is our job affecting us?’ Neonatal Intensive Care Unit healthcare providers and their pregnancy: A descriptive qualitative study
Gaia Dussi, Stefano Bembich, Roberta Crevatin, Sara Buchini, Silvana Schreiber, Livia Bicego, Andrea Cassone, Raffaella Dobrina
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2023; 79(10): 3776. CrossRef
Investigating Functional Impairment in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Qualitative Study from the Patients and Specialists’ Perspectives
Arturo Cuomo, Franco Marinangeli, Alberto Magni, Emiliano Petrucci, Alessandro Vittori, Marco Cascella
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2023; 13(6): 1012. CrossRef
Author Response: Students’ Positive Coping Strategies From Disaster: A Narrative Analysis
Minsu Ock
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 390. CrossRef
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Qualitative Research Among Health Sciences Faculty
Mohamud Mohamud, Alwaleed A Albarkani, Emad Masuadi, Abdullaziz A Alsahly, Abdulaziz I Alkudairy, Yazeed F Shalabi, Abdulrahman Faqih, Khaled A Alaukili, Saad J Alsahli
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A qualitative study on hope in iranian end stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis
Masoume Rambod, Nilofar Pasyar, Ali Mohammad Parviniannasab
BMC Nephrology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Articles

Association Between Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index and Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Older Adults: Kyu-Taek Lim, Ji-won Choe, Seung-sik Hwang; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):103-112. Published online January 14, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.569

1,036 View
223 Download

Abstract Summary PDF: Objectives
This study examined the association between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), as assessed by the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes among Korean older adults.
Methods
Data from 5413 participants in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging were analyzed. GOHAI scores were categorized as either “poor” (<40) or “not poor” (≥40). Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess the relationship between GOHAI scores and CVD prevalence, with analyses stratified by sex.
Results
Poor GOHAI score was significantly associated with elevated odds of CVD (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.19; p<0.001). This association was stronger in female (OR, 1.36) compared to male (OR, 1.12). Poor oral health is indicative of systemic inflammation and age-related vulnerabilities, underscoring the utility of the GOHAI as an instrument for early identification of CVD risk.
Conclusions
Poor oral health, as measured by the GOHAI, is associated with an increased risk of CVD among older adults, especially female. These findings support the use of the GOHAI as a cost-effective screening tool for the early assessment of CVD risk. Further research is warranted to explore inflammatory biomarkers and sex-specific mechanisms that could inform targeted interventions.; Summary

Korean summary
노년층에서 구강건강 관련 삶의 질(OHRQoL)이 낮을수록 심혈관계 질환(CVD) 위험이 높아지며, 특히 여성에서 더 두드러졌습니다. 본 연구는 노년 구강 건강 평가 지수(GOHAI)를 사용했습니다.

Key Message
Poor GOHAI scores are associated with higher CVD risk, with stronger effects in females. This highlights the potential of GOHAI as an effective tool for early detection and prevention of CVD.

Utilization of Acid Suppressants After Withdrawal of Ranitidine in Korea: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis: Jeong Pil Choi, Sangwan Kim, Jung Su Park, Mi-Sook Kim, Nam-Kyong Choi, Cheol Min Shin, Joongyub Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):21-30. Published online December 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.357

1,185 View
233 Download

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
This study was performed to evaluate the utilization patterns of acid suppressants following the withdrawal of ranitidine in Korea.
Methods
Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) data from January 2016 to May 2023 were utilized to assess the usage of histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for acid-related diseases. Drug utilization was calculated for each agent based on the defined daily dose (DDD). To evaluate changes in utilization following the ranitidine recall, an interrupted time series analysis was conducted using segmented linear regression and an autoregressive integrated moving average model.
Results
Before the withdrawal of ranitidine, the DDD per 100 000 inhabitants per day was increasing by 6.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.7 to 9.0) for H2RAs and by 19.3 (95% CI, 16.9 to 21.8) for PPIs each month. After the recall, H2RA utilization immediately declined by -1041.7 (95% CI, -1115.8 to -967.7), followed by a monthly increase of 6.6 (95% CI, 3.7 to 9.6) above the previous trend. PPI utilization temporarily surged by 235.2 (95% CI, 149.1 to 321.3), then displayed a monthly increase of 4.1 (95% CI, 0.7 to 7.6) on top of the pre-recall trend. Among PPIs, esomeprazole and rabeprazole demonstrated notable increases, representing the most commonly used acid suppressants in 2023.
Conclusions
PPI usage rose prominently following the withdrawal of ranitidine from the market. Considering the potential adverse effects of PPIs, further research is necessary to evaluate the public health implications of shifts in the utilization of acid suppressants.; Summary

Korean summary
- 위산분비억제제의 국내 사용량은 양성자 펌프 억제제를 중심으로 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며, 라니티딘이 시장에서 퇴출된 이후 더욱 급격히 증가하는 양상이 관찰되었다. - 양성자 펌프 억제제 사용 증가와 관련해 장기 복용의 안전성, 처방의 적절성, 잠재적 오남용의 가능성, 비용효과성의 측면에서의 보건학적 의의에 대한 평가가 필요하다.

Key Message
- The use of gastric acid suppressive drugs in Korea has demonstrated a consistent upward trend, with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) predominating, especially following the withdrawal of ranitidine from the market. - The escalating utilization of PPIs necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of their public health implications, encompassing the long-term safety, appropriateness of prescribing, potential overuse, and cost-effectiveness.

The Development of an Assessment Instrument for Behavior Toward Hypoglycemia Risk Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Outpatients in Jakarta, Indonesia: Putu Rika Veryanti, Rani Sauriasari, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Berna Elya, Muhammad Ikhsan Mokoagow; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):31-43. Published online November 13, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.313

1,003 View
232 Download

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument for assessing patients’ behavior toward the risk of hypoglycemia through self-assessment. Insufficient education and supervision of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) outpatients by healthcare providers is a significant concern, affecting their behavior during the treatment process. Additionally, inappropriate behavior typically increases the risk of hypoglycemia. To mitigate this risk, several studies have recommended evaluating patients’ behavior, necessitating the development of a new instrument.
Methods
The study procedures were conducted in 3 stages: instrument development (face and content validity, stage I), construct validity and reliability test (stage II), and criterion validity (stage III). Stage I involved 5 healthcare practitioners, including internal medicine doctors, nurses, dietitians, and pharmacists in hospitals and community health centers. Stage II included 20 respondents using a 1-shot test method. Stage III involved 237 type 2 DM outpatients at Central General Hospital (RSUP) in Jakarta, employing a cross-sectional design and consecutive sampling.
Results
The results indicated that the developed instrument was valid and reliable, comprising 9 domains (29 questions). These domains included behavior toward blood glucose monitoring, diet, physical activity, medication, assistance from healthcare providers, hypoglycemia management, self-care, family support, and insulin use. Furthermore, poor behavior was found to increase the risk of hypoglycemia by 2.36 times.
Conclusions
Based on these results, the developed instrument could be effectively used to evaluate behavior toward hypoglycemia among type 2 DM outpatients, confirming its validity and reliability.; Summary

Key Message
The development of an assessment instrument for behavior toward hypoglycemia risk among type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients in Jakarta, Indonesia have been carried out. The instrument contains 9 domains, included behavior toward blood glucose monitoring, diet, physical activity, medication, assistance from healthcare providers, hypoglycemia management, self-care, family support, and insulin use. Poor behavior was found to increase the risk of hypoglycemia by 2.36 times. The instrument developed is valid and reliable.

Review

Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Data Analysis: Dasom Im, Jeehye Pyo, Haneul Lee, Hyeran Jung, Minsu Ock; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(2):100-110. Published online February 15, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.471

28,373 View
1,068 Download
35 Web of Science
44 Crossref

Abstract Summary PDF

Qualitative research methodology has been applied with increasing frequency in various fields, including in healthcare research, where quantitative research methodology has traditionally dominated, with an empirically driven approach involving statistical analysis. Drawing upon artifacts and verbal data collected from in-depth interviews or participatory observations, qualitative research examines the comprehensive experiences of research participants who have experienced salient yet unappreciated phenomena. In this study, we review 6 representative qualitative research methodologies in terms of their characteristics and analysis methods: consensual qualitative research, phenomenological research, qualitative case study, grounded theory, photovoice, and content analysis. We mainly focus on specific aspects of data analysis and the description of results, while also providing a brief overview of each methodology’s philosophical background. Furthermore, since quantitative researchers have criticized qualitative research methodology for its perceived lack of validity, we examine various validation methods of qualitative research. This review article intends to assist researchers in employing an ideal qualitative research methodology and in reviewing and evaluating qualitative research with proper standards and criteria.

Summary

Korean summary
질적연구 방법론은 보건의료 연구에서 연구 참여자가 경험하는 주요 현상을 잘 포착할 수 있도록 해 준다. 이 논문에서는 합의적 질적연구, 현상학적 연구, 질적 사례 연구, 근거이론, 포토보이스, 내용 분석 등 6가지의 대표적인 질적 연구 방법론에 대한 간략한 철학적 배경과 구체적인 데이터 분석 및 해석 방법을 소개한다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The human role to guarantee an ethical AI in healthcare: a five-facts approach
Raquel Iniesta
AI and Ethics.2025; 5(1): 385. CrossRef
Development and validation of a competency evaluation index system for nurse endoscopists with different stages performing endoscopy nursing in China: A modified Delphi study
Liangyu Fang, Bingbing Wu, Peipei Wang, Laijuan Chen, Yinchuan Xu
Nurse Education Today.2025; 144: 106411. CrossRef
Users' Experience of Treatment and Coercion in an Inpatient Medium‐Stay Psychiatric Rehabilitation Unit: A Mixed Methods Study
Miriam Aragonés‐Calleja, Vanessa Sánchez‐Martínez
Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2025; 32(2): 467. CrossRef
Smoking trends and awareness among Indian university students: A qualitative study
T. Seemadevi, S. Naganandini, Alexander Maniangat Luke, Mohamed Saleh Hamad Ingafou
Heliyon.2025; 11(1): e41078. CrossRef
Experience of hormone therapy among postmenopausal women diagnosed with early breast cancer receiving a multimodal exercise and health education programme: A qualitative study
Pedro Céspedes, Vanessa Sánchez-Martínez, Cristina Buigues
European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2025; 74: 102763. CrossRef
Instruments for Evaluating Undergraduate Medical Education in Complementary and Integrative Medicine: A Systematic Review
Angelika Homberg, Gabriele Rotter, Miriam Thye, Kristina Flägel, Beate Stock-Schröer
Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the Experiences of Managers and Practitioners in Infectious Disease Management Organizations During the COVID-19 Response: A Qualitative Study
Jeehee Pyo, Jiyoon Jeong, Hyeran Jeong, Minsu Ock
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The content analysis used in nursing research and the possibility of including artificial intelligence support: A methodological review
Agnieszka Maj, Marta Makowska, Katarzyna Sacharczuk
Applied Nursing Research.2025; 82: 151919. CrossRef
A qualitative enquiry into participants’ and practitioners’ experiences in the Australian Liver FaIlurE trial
Jeyamani Ramachandran, Anuradha Pati, Luisa Wigg, Sumudu K Narayana, Sharon Lawn, Kate Muller, Alan J Wigg
BMJ Open.2025; 15(2): e089666. CrossRef
How I Do It: Teaching and Applying Qualitative Methods to Improve Surgical Simulation Design and Implementation
Lou Clark, Lauren Weaver, Eugene Floersch, Mojca Remskar, Melissa Brunsvold, Anne Woll
Journal of Surgical Education.2025; 82(5): 103481. CrossRef
Development and validation of gestational diabetes mellitus health behaviour scale
Xilin Yu, Yueshuai Pan, Qianqian Li, Ruting Gu, Wenbin Jiang, Guofang Kuang, Lili Wei
Journal of Psychosomatic Research.2025; 191: 112083. CrossRef
Managing intravenous potassium infusion: a quality improvement study on clinician's beliefs and practice
Jacqueline Colgan, Rebecca Balmer, Louise Allan, Claire McCormack, Sarah Kourouche
Contemporary Nurse.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Exploring the experiences of cancer patients: What drives them to seek treatment outside their residential area and what are the experiences resulting from that decision? A qualitative study
Jeehee Pyo, Mina Lee, Haneul Lee, Minsu Ock, Ali Haider Mohammed
PLOS ONE.2025; 20(3): e0319650. CrossRef
Positive Psychological Experiences in Chronic Heart Failure: A Qualitative Meta‐Synthesis
Yingjie Li, Xiaoyun Xiong, Huiwen Wang, Lu Chen, Rui Wu, Meijun Zhang, Qin Xiang, Si Liu, Hua Chen, Dan Xiao, Xinglan Sun
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Designing a Motivational Model for Applying Blended Learning to Faculty Members in Universities of Medical Sciences
Masoumeh Abbasi, Mahmoud Mansouri, Marziye Pashmforosh, Mohammad Hasan Keshavarzi, Ghobad Ramezani
Shiraz E-Medical Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Discursivity of nursing professionals in coping with the death of hospitalized patients with covid-19 / Discursividade de profissionais de enfermagem no enfrentamento da morte de pacientes hospitalizados com covid-19
Caio Bismarck Silva de Oliveira, Luana Carla Santana Ribeiro
Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Personal growth through navigating the world as an artist: a qualitative study of the impact of creativity camp on adolescents with depression
Yuko Taniguchi, Olivia Costa, Athen Ortega, Shanze Hayee, Josie Friedman, Michaelle E. DiMaggio-Potter, Jered Bright, Peng Wu, Angie P. Mejia, Gail A. Bernstein, Bryon A. Mueller, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan, Wilma Koutstaal, Kathryn R. Cullen
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A qualitative study on the experience of internet outpatient consultation in palliative care for relatives of cancer patients
Shuo Li, Guijun Lu, Yongqing Shen, Jianya Ye, Jingmin Ji
BMC Palliative Care.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Experience of sexual relationship of patients after radical prostatectomy: a qualitative study
Haiyu Zhang, Zhen Liu, Yongmei Ye, Xiaolian Long, Tuan Yu, Yuxi Zhang, Ziling Dai, Juan Du, Ling Chen
Frontiers in Psychology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Surgical De-escalation in Breast Cancer: Qualitative Research Introduces Hope for Patients and Illuminates a Blind Spot Within Blinded Studies
Jose G. Bazan, Benjamin W. Corn
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 118(2): 455. CrossRef
Consumer Perceptions of Home-Based Percussive Massage Therapy for Musculoskeletal Concerns: Inductive Thematic Qualitative Analysis
Saloni Butala, Pearl Valentine Galido, Benjamin K P Woo
JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies.2024; 11: e52328. CrossRef
Analyzing the prohibition of interfaith marriage in Indonesia: legal, religious, and human rights perspectives
M. Thahir Maloko, Sippah Chotban, Muhammad Ikram Nur Fuady, Hasdiwanti
Cogent Social Sciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Intervention in autism based on Early Start Denver Model in a multiethnic immigrant setting—experiences of preschool staff involved in its implementation
Petra Linnsand, Gudrun Nygren, Jonas Hermansson, Christopher Gillberg, Emilia Carlsson
Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Role of family medicine physicians in providing nutrition support to older patients admitted to orthopedics departments: a grounded theory approach
Ryuichi Ohta, Tachiko Nitta, Akiko Shimizu, Chiaki Sano
BMC Primary Care.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnosing an overcrowded emergency department from its Electronic Health Records
Luca Marzano, Adam S. Darwich, Raghothama Jayanth, Lethvall Sven, Nina Falk, Patrik Bodeby, Sebastiaan Meijer
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative case study on the disability acceptance experiences of soldiers with disabilities
Haneul Lee, Jeehee Pyo, Minsu Ock, Hyun Joo Kim
International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Qualitative Comparison of Perceptions Regarding Patient Engagement for Patient Safety by Physicians, Nurses, and Patients
Seung Gyeong Jang, Minsu Ock, Soyoon Kim
Patient Preference and Adherence.2024; Volume 18: 1065. CrossRef
Coping Mechanisms Utilized by Individuals With Drug Addiction in Overcoming Challenges During the Recovery Process: A Qualitative Meta-synthesis
Agus Setiawan, Junaiti Sahar, Budi Santoso, Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Syamikar Baridwan Syamsir
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2024; 57(3): 197. CrossRef
Nurses and policymakers role in preparing adolescents with HIV for self-disclosure in Eswatini
Baliwe P. Dlamini, Ntombifikile G. Mtshali
African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the economic toxicity experiences and coping styles of patients with colorectal cancer fistula in Jiangsu province, China: a qualitative study
Weijing Zhao, Qin Xu, Xia Zhou, Chunmei Liu, Lingyu Ding
BMJ Open.2024; 14(6): e082308. CrossRef
Comprehensive Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (CCQR): Reporting Guideline for Global Health Qualitative Research Methods
Priyanka Sinha, Binita Paudel, Tamara Mosimann, Hanan Ahmed, Gaotswake Patience Kovane, Miriam Moagi, Angel Phuti
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(8): 1005. CrossRef
Evolution of the roles of family physicians through collaboration with rehabilitation therapists in rural community hospitals: a grounded theory approach
Ryuichi Ohta, Kentaro Yoshioka, Chiaki Sano
BMC Primary Care.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Barreras para la detección de tuberculosis infantil en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia
Jhon Edwin Polanco-Pasaje, María Cristina Bolaños, Kelly Yoana Tello-Hoyos, Carlos Hernán Sierra-Torres
Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploratory qualitative study of firearm storage practices among surgeons in the USA: contexts and motivations
Shelbie D Waddle, Arielle Thomas, Brendan T Campbell, Marian E Betz, Julie K Johnson, Regina Royan, Alexander Ellyin, Angie Jang, Marie L Crandall, Anne M Stey
Injury Prevention.2024; : ip-2023-045205. CrossRef
What Impact Does the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment Have on the Wellbeing, Everyday Behavior, and Healthcare Utilization of People and Their Carers? A Systematic Review
Evie Margaret Connolly, Ríona Mc Ardle, Kweku Andrew Ampadu Bimpong, Sarah Slight
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.2024; 101(3): 715. CrossRef
Traditional treatment for diastasis rectus abdominis in postpartum mothers: a phenomenological study
Hemi Fitriani, Setyowati Setyowati, Yati Afiyanti, Raldi Artono Koestoer, Hidayat Arifin
British Journal of Midwifery.2024; 32(9): 474. CrossRef
Impact of Virtual Navigation on the Education and Access of Patients with Cancer: A National Mixed Methods Investigation
Susan Haag, Joyce Schaffer
SAGE Open Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Are We Supporting Surgical Quality Improvement in Training and Beyond? A Qualitative Study of Surgical Trainees and Practicing Surgeons
Xane D Peters, Shelbie D Waddle, Tejen Shah, Eileen Reilly, Sarah Valek, Lynn Modla, Ulrike Langenscheidt, Karen Pollitt, Julie K Johnson, Clifford Y Ko
Journal of the American College of Surgeons.2024; 239(6): 556. CrossRef
Exploring key stakeholders’ perspectives on integrating the EU AI Act with the MDR for certifying AI medical devices
Edmund Balogun, Dion Dcosta, Auxane Boch, Christoph Luetge
AI and Ethics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Unpacking cultural dimensions in Mangunwijaya’s Genduk Duku (2019)
Sutri Sutri, Sahid Teguh Widodo, Kundharu Saddhono
Research Journal in Advanced Humanities.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Author Response: Students’ Positive Coping Strategies From Disaster: A Narrative Analysis
Minsu Ock
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 390. CrossRef
Letter to the Editor: Students’ Positive Coping Strategies From Disaster: A Narrative Analysis
Allan M. Abiera, Jan Gresil Kahambing
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 388. CrossRef
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Qualitative Research Among Health Sciences Faculty
Mohamud Mohamud, Alwaleed A Albarkani, Emad Masuadi, Abdullaziz A Alsahly, Abdulaziz I Alkudairy, Yazeed F Shalabi, Abdulrahman Faqih, Khaled A Alaukili, Saad J Alsahli
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Patients’ Reasons to Consider and Their Attitudes toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Katharina Matjuschenko, Christian Keinki, Jutta Huebner, Pranshu Sahgal
European Journal of Cancer Care.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef

Original Articles

Development and Validation of an Instrument to Assess the Safe Use of Antidiabetic Medication to Prevent Hypoglycemia Requiring Hospitalization Among Ambulatory Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bali, Indonesia: Made Krisna Adi Jaya, Fita Rahmawati, Nanang Munif Yasin, Zullies Ikawati; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):52-59. Published online October 24, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.424

1,036 View
214 Download

Abstract Summary PDF: Objectives
Ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) require special attention when being discharged from the hospital with anti-diabetes medication. This necessity stems primarily from the risk of adverse drug reactions, particularly hypoglycemia. However, this risk is significantly influenced by the patients’ knowledge and behavior regarding their medication use. This study aimed to develop instrument to assess the risk of medication-related hypoglycemia in ambulatory T2DM patients by clinical pharmacists.
Methods
The study was conducted using an observational design that included multiple stages. These stages involved item development through focus group discussions (FGDs), content validation by clinical pharmacists, and criterion and construct validation by ambulatory T2DM patients using a cross-sectional approach.
Results
A total of 10 question items were developed for assessment by clinical pharmacists following FGDs and content validation. Criterion and construct validation identified 8 valid question items through multivariate analysis (p<0.05). The scoring system developed demonstrated a linear relationship between the score and the number of items at risk in the instrument (p<0.05, R²=0.988). Additionally, the instrument was named “Medication-related Hypoglycemia Risk Score Assessment Tools (HYPOGLYRISK).”
Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that HYPOGLYRISK may serve as a useful tool for clinical pharmacists to evaluate the risk of medication-related hypoglycemia in ambulatory T2DM patients. Additionally, this instrument could assist clinical pharmacists in identifying priority patients and tailoring educational services to meet their specific goals and needs.; Summary

Key Message
- HYPOGLYRISK is an instrument that can be used to assess the risk of hypoglycemia requiring hospitalization in T2DM patients. This instrument met all the requirements for psychometric properties testing in this study. - Patients discharged on antidiabetic medications can be screened for risk of severe hypoglycemia using HYPOGLYRISK, specifically by pharmacists, during drug dispensing. - Patients with T2DM must be ensured to have knowledge related to the five dimensions of medication safety to avoid the risk of hypoglycemia requiring hospitalization.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Admissions and In-hospital Mortality of Patients With Stroke in Korea: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis: Youngs Chang, Soo-Hee Hwang, Haibin Bai, Seowoo Park, Eunbyul Cho, Dohoung Kim, Hyejin Lee, Jin Yong Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):60-71. Published online October 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.432

1,151 View
186 Download
1 Web of Science
1 Crossref

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on admission rates and in-hospital mortality among patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
Methods
We constructed a dataset detailing the monthly hospitalizations and mortality rates of inpatients with stroke from January 2017 to December 2021. Employing an interrupted time series analysis, we explored the impact of COVID-19 on hospitalizations and 30-day in-hospital mortality among stroke patients.
Results
The number of ischemic stroke admissions decreased by 18.5%, from 5335 to 4348, immediately following the COVID-19 outbreak (p<0.001). The in-hospital mortality rate for ischemic stroke increased slightly from 3.3% to 3.4% immediately after the outbreak, although it showed a decreasing trend over time. The number of hemorrhagic stroke admissions fell by 7.5%, from 2014 to 1864, immediately following the COVID-19 outbreak. The 30-day in-hospital mortality rate for hemorrhagic stroke initially decreased from 12.9% to 12.7%, but subsequently showed an increasing trend.
Conclusions
We confirmed that COVID-19 impacted both the admission and death rates of stroke patients. The admission rate for both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes decreased, while in-hospital mortality increased. Specifically, in-hospital mortality from ischemic stroke rose initially after the outbreak before stabilizing. Additionally, our findings indicate variable effects based on sex, age, and socioeconomic status, suggesting that certain groups may be more susceptible. This underscores the need to identify and support vulnerable populations to mitigate adverse health outcomes.

Summary

Korean summary
국민건강보험공단 데이터베이스를 자료원으로 하고 ITS 분석을 실시하여 코로나19가 뇌졸중 환자의 입원 및 30일 내 사망률에 미치는 영향을 조사했습니다. 그 결과 코로나19가 뇌졸중 환자의 입원율과 사망률에 모두 영향을 미친다는 사실을 확인했습니다. 특히, 75세 이상과 의료급여 수급자의 허혈성 및 출혈성 뇌졸중 입원율이 감소한 것으로 나타났습니다.

Key Message
Employing an interrupted time series analysis, we explored the impact of COVID-19 on hospitalizations and 30-day in-hospital mortality among stroke patients using the National Health Insurance Service Database. We confirmed that COVID-19 impacted both the admission and death rates of stroke patients. Specifically, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke admission rates decreased among individuals over 75 and MA beneficiaries.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Who Dies Alone? Demographics, Underlying Diseases, and Healthcare Utilization Patterns of Lonely Death Individuals in Korea
Haibin Bai, Jae-ryun Lee, Min Jung Kang, Young-Ho Jun, Hye Yeon Koo, Jieun Yun, Jee Hoon Sohn, Jin Yong Lee, Hyejin Lee
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2025; 58(2): 218. CrossRef

Institutional Delivery in the Philippines: Does a Minimum of 8 Antenatal Care Visits Matter?: Felly Philipus Senewe, Agung Dwi Laksono, Roy Glenn Albert Massie, Leny Latifah, Syarifah Nuraini, Rozana Ika Agustiya, Jane Kartika Propiana, Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):44-51. Published online October 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.245

2,017 View
192 Download

Abstract Summary PDF: Objectives
This cross-sectional study investigated the association between the utilization of 8 antenatal care (ANC) visits and delivery in a healthcare institution in the Philippines, using data from the 2022 National Demographic and Health Survey.
Methods
A sample of women who had given birth within the past 3 years was selected for analysis (n=4452). The association between ANC utilization and institutional delivery was assessed using logistic regression models, covariates by relevant socio-demographic factors, and childbirth history.
Results
We found that 97.2% of respondents who completed ANC opted for institutional delivery. A higher proportion of rural residents did not undergo institutional delivery than urban residents (12.9 vs. 6.9%). The group aged 20-24 years had the highest coverage (92.8%), and the group aged 40-44 years had the lowest. Higher education levels, employment, and greater wealth were associated with higher institutional delivery rates. Divorced or widowed mothers (85.1%) and grand multiparous mothers had lower rates than other groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive association between ANC utilization and institutional deliveries after adjusting for covariates (adjusted odds ratio, 2.486; 95% confidence interval, 2.485 to 2.487; p<0.001).
Conclusions
ANC visits were associated with deliveries in institutions in the Philippines. Policymakers should promote ANC by ensuring 8 World Health Organization-recommended visits, strengthening programs, conducting community outreach, addressing access barriers, and integrating maternal health services to increase institutional births and improve maternal and infant health.; Summary

Key Message
This study examines the determinants of institutional delivery in the Philippines, with a focus on compliance with the WHO-recommended eight antenatal care (ANC) visits. Analysis of data from the 2022 National Demographic and Health Survey reveals a strong positive correlation between completing the recommended ANC visits and choosing institutional delivery, alongside significant influences from maternal age, education, marital status, employment, socioeconomic status, and parity. Findings underscore the importance of expanding ANC access and targeted interventions, particularly in underserved areas, to increase institutional delivery rates and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

The Diabetogenic Effect of Statin Use May Interact With Polygenic Risk Scores for Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From the UK Biobank: Jong Hyun Park, Kyu-Taek Lim, Jooyeon Lee, Yongjin Gil, Joohon Sung; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):92-102. Published online December 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.671

1,199 View
190 Download

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
Statins are essential in the prevention of cardiovascular disease; however, their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk is concerning. We examined whether genetic susceptibility to T2DM modifies the association between regular statin use and T2DM risk.
Methods
This study included 447 176 individuals from the UK Biobank without baseline diabetes or major cardiovascular disease. Statin use was recorded at baseline, and T2DM incidence was determined using clinical records. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for T2DM risk were provided by the UK Biobank. Using propensity scores adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and comorbidities, 14 831 statin users were matched with 37 060 non-users. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the interaction effect of statin use and PRS on T2DM incidence, adjusting for key confounders.
Results
In the propensity-matched cohort, 3675 of 51 891 participants developed T2DM over a mean follow-up period of 13.7 years. Within the top 5% of the PRS distribution, per 1000 person-years, the incidence of T2DM was 15.42 for statin users versus 12.18 for non-users. Among the lowest 5%, the incidence was 1.90 for statin users and 1.65 for non-users. Based on the Cox proportional hazards model, regular statin use was associated with a 1.24-fold increased T2DM risk (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15 to 1.33). Furthermore, PRS exhibited a significant multiplicative interaction with regular statin use (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.19).
Conclusions
PRS may help identify individuals particularly susceptible to the diabetogenic effects of statins, providing a potential path for personalized cardiovascular disease management.; Summary

Korean summary
스타틴은 심혈관 질환 예방에 필수적이지만, 제2형 당뇨병 발생 위험을 높인다고 알려져 있습니다. 본 연구는 영국 바이오뱅크 데이터를 활용하여, 스타틴 사용과 제2형 당뇨병 다유전자 위험 점수(Polygenic Risk Score, PRS)의 상호작용이 당뇨병 발생 위험에 미치는 영향을 분석했습니다. 연구 결과, PRS가 높은 집단에서는 스타틴 사용이 제2형 당뇨병 발생 위험을 유의하게 증가시켰으나, PRS가 낮은 집단에서는 스타틴 사용이 오히려 당뇨병 위험을 낮추는 경향을 보였습니다. 이러한 결과는 유전적 요인을 고려한 맞춤형 심혈관 질환 예방 전략의 중요성을 시사합니다.

Key Message
This study highlights that the diabetogenic effect of statins interacts significantly with genetic predisposition, as quantified by polygenic risk scores (PRS) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Individuals with high PRS are at a significantly increased risk of developing T2DM with statin use, while those with low PRS may experience a reduced risk. These findings underscore the potential of integrating genetic risk stratification into clinical decision-making to optimize the balance between cardiovascular benefits and T2DM risk in statin therapy.

Air Passengers’ Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection With a 14-Day Quarantine and Accuracy Assessment of a Symptom-based Screening System at an Airport: Toonlaya Direkwutthikun, Chanapong Rojanaworarit, Isabella Andrade, Bhanasut Hunsajarupan, Nuttawoot Photisan, Pattarasuda Sookchom, Thawabhorn Jannok, Rome Buathong; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):72-82. Published online November 3, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.517

905 View
159 Download

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
This study aimed to validate the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, identify infection risk factors among air passengers subject to a 14-day mandatory quarantine, and evaluate the accuracy of mass symptom-based screening criteria at an airport.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 116 004 air passengers who entered Thailand through Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok from April 2020 to September 2020. The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, risk characteristics, and accuracy indices of symptom-based screening were calculated.
Results
The overall incidence of SARS-CoV-2 was 0.5%, or 540 infections per 100 000 air passengers. Identified risk factors included sex, nationality, continent of departure, on-arrival screening results, and month of travel. Positive screening results indicated a higher risk and positive likelihood ratio for SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the on-arrival screening criteria demonstrated low sensitivity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Conclusions
The current study confirms previous findings that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during air travel is low. However, this might result from strict pre-departure screening and the SARS-CoV-2 test requirement for arriving passengers. The symptom-based screening criteria used upon arrival showed a low probability of identifying positive cases, suggesting that incorporating additional criteria could help detect asymptomatic infections. The integrated screening and quarantine model proved effective in preventing the spread of the virus into local communities.; Summary

Key Message
The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during air travel is low given a strict pre-departure screening and the SARS-CoV-2 test requirement. The symptom-based screening criteria used upon arrival showed a low probability of identifying positive cases. The integrated screening and quarantine model proved effective in preventing the spread of the virus into local communities.

Necessity of Analyzing the Korea Community Health Survey Using 7 Local Government Types: Seowoo Park, Haibin Bai, Jae-ryun Lee, Soomin Kim, Hyemin Jung, Jin Yong Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):83-91. Published online November 5, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.388

943 View
154 Download

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
This study examined the potential of a new analytical framework for the Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS) with classification criteria for the sub-national governmental level, the degree of urbanization including an urban-rural multimodal category, and population size as a more effective tool to address local health problems and deduce practical implications.
Methods
Retrospective survey data from 2023 KCHS were obtained. Frequency analyses were performed for self-rated good health status, current smoking status, and unmet medical needs as proxies for health status, as well as health behavior and healthcare utilization, utilizing individual weights to represent national community residents.
Results
We established a new classification of local governments into 7 types to facilitate regional comparisons. These local government types are presumably composed of populations showing statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics. There were evident differences in health status, health behavior, and healthcare utilization in comparisons of groups categorized by local government types.
Conclusions
This study suggests that regional disparities can be analyzed using a new typology of local governments. This practically effective approach could be used in decision-making for community-centered health projects in terms of community health planning. Future research should conduct analyses of KCHS data that use these 7 local government types to comprehensively reflect regional characteristics.; Summary

Korean summary
이 연구는 지방자치단체 층위와 도·농복합시를 포함한 도시화 정도, 인구 규모를 고려한 분류 기준을 사용하여 지역사회건강조사(KCHS)에 대한 새로운 분석틀의 가능성을 검토한다. 기초 지방자치단체 7가지 유형으로 분류했을 때, 연구 대상자 집단은 인구 통계학적 특성에 대해 유의미하게 달랐으며 건강 상태, 건강 행태 및 의료 이용에 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 이 연구는 지역보건의료계획 측면에서 지역사회 중심 건강증진사업에 대한 의사 결정에 실질적으로 효과적인 접근 방법이 될 수 있는 기초 지방자치단체의 새로운 유형을 제안한다.

Key Message
This study examines the potential of a new analytical framework for the Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS) with classification criteria for the sub-national governmental level, the degree of urbanization including an urban-rural multimodal category, and population size. In comparisons of groups categorized by 7 local government types, populations were significantly different considering demographic characteristics and there were evident differences in health status, health behavior, and healthcare utilization. This study suggests a new typology of local governments which could be a practically effective approach in decision-making for community-centered health projects in terms of community health planning.

Prevalence, Sources, and Correlates of Second-hand Smoke Exposure Among Non-smoking Pregnant Women in India: Farheen Ahmed, Nilesh Gawde, Sulabha Parasuraman; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(2):136-145. Published online December 4, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.278

646 View
138 Download

Abstract Summary PDF: Objectives
Second-hand tobacco smoke (SHS) is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, particularly among pregnant women. This study aimed to address the research gap concerning the prevalence and correlates of SHS exposure at home and in public settings among non-smoking pregnant women in India.
Methods
The dataset from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2016-17), India, was utilised to evaluate the prevalence of SHS exposure in pregnant women both at home and in public spaces. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the determinants of SHS exposure among this population.
Results
The prevalence of SHS exposure at home was 36.9%, while exposure outside the home was 26.5%. Among non-smoking pregnant women, 10.0% were exposed to SHS on public transport. The risk of SHS exposure at home was significantly higher in the North (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.45 to 11.60), Central (aOR, 4.46; 95% CI, 1.98 to 10.02), and Northeast (aOR, 4.18; 95% CI, 1.78 to 9.81) regions compared to the South. Pregnant women aged 25-34 (aOR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.93) and those aged 35 and above (aOR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.86), as well as those with secondary (aOR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.85) or higher education (aOR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.58), had lower odds of SHS exposure at home. For SHS exposure outside the home, the North region (aOR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.19 to 5.36), employment status (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.13 to 3.47), and belonging to scheduled tribes (aOR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.25 to 8.21) were associated with higher odds.
Conclusions
The prevalence of SHS exposure among pregnant non-smoking women was notably high both at home and in external environments.; Summary

Key Message
Our secondary analysis of GATS-2 India data (2016-17) showed that the prevalence of Second-hand Tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure at home was high (36.9%) among non-smoking pregnant women in India. Among pregnant women, younger age, lower education levels, and residing in the country's North, Central, and Northeast regions were significantly associated with higher odds of SHS exposure at home. Overall, about a quarter (26.5%) of pregnant women reported SHS exposure outside their home. Tribal women, employed ones, and those residing in the North region were at higher risk of SHS exposure outside their homes during their pregnancies.

Scoping Review

Use of Data Linkage Methods to Investigate Healthcare Interactions in Individuals Who Self-harm and Die by Suicide: A Scoping Review: Ferdi W. Djajadisastra; J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(2):114-126. Published online November 20, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.448

864 View
144 Download

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
In this review, the primary objective was to comprehensively summarize and evaluate the themes and analytical strategies of studies that used data linkage methods to examine the healthcare engagement of individuals with self-harming and suicidal tendencies. Additionally, the review sought to identify gaps in the existing literature and suggest directions for future research in this area.
Methods
This review utilized the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases. Employing a scoping review methodology, 27 papers were analyzed.
Results
One particularly common data source is the routine information collected by government agencies. However, some studies supplement this data with newly collected information. Compared to other research methods, data linkage offers the advantage of incorporating participants from diverse backgrounds into the analysis. Most relevant studies using data linkage methods have primarily focused on identifying socio-demographic correlates of self-harm, suicide deaths, and healthcare interactions. Additionally, some studies have used cluster analysis to identify patterns of healthcare utilization within affected populations. Certain papers have employed unique methods to measure self-harm and healthcare interactions, while one study utilized a moderator analytical approach.
Conclusions
Data linkage offers a promising approach for researching the dynamics between self-harm, suicide, and healthcare contact. A notable challenge, however, is the focus of most studies on the associations between socio-demographic factors and the risks of self-harm and suicide.; Summary

Key Message
The scoping review aims to summarize and evaluate the themes and analytical strategies of studies that have used data linkage methods to examine the healthcare engagement of individuals with self-harming and suicidal tendencies. Data linkage offers a promising approach for researching the dynamics between self-harm, suicide, and healthcare contact. However, most studies primarily focus on the associations between socio-demographic factors and the risks of self-harm and suicide. Future research should emphasize the inclusion of additional variables through new data collection, integrating them with existing datasets, or adopting more innovative approaches to analyzing available data.

First
Prev
Page of 11
Next
Last

Most download