Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

From articles published in Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health during the past two years (2022 ~ ).

Systematic Review

Challenges to Achieving Universal Health Coverage Throughout the World: A Systematic Review: Alireza Darrudi, Mohammad Hossein Ketabchi Khoonsari, Maryam Tajvar; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(2):125-133. Published online March 8, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.542

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Objectives
No systematic review has explored the challenges related to worldwide universal health coverage (UHC). This study reviewed challenges on the road to UHC.
Methods
A systematic electronic search of all studies that identified the challenges of worldwide UHC was conducted, without any restrictions related to the publication date or language. A hand search and a bibliographic search were also conducted to identify which texts to include in this study. These sources and citations yielded a total of 2500 articles, only 26 of which met the inclusion criteria. Relevant data from these papers were extracted, summarized, grouped, and reported in tables.
Results
Of the 26 included studies, 7 (27%) were reviews, 6 (23%) were reports, and 13 (50%) had another type of study design. The publication dates of the included studies ranged from 2011 to 2020. Nine studies (35%) were published in 2019. Using the World Health Organization conceptual model, data on all of the challenges related to UHC in terms of the 4 functions of health systems (stewardship, creating resource, financing, and delivering services) were extracted from the included studies and reported.
Conclusions
This study provides a straightforward summary of previous studies that explored the challenges related to UHC and conducted an in-depth analysis of viable solutions.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the services provided by the Peruvian health system: an analysis of people with chronic diseases
David Villarreal-Zegarra, Luciana Bellido-Boza, Alfonso Erazo, Max Pariona-Cárdenas, Paul Valdivia-Miranda
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Nurul Qalby, Dian S. Arsyad, Andriany Qanitha, Maarten J. Cramer, Yolande Appelman, Dara R. Pabittei, Pieter A. Doevendans, Idar Mappangara, Akhtar Fajar Muzakkir
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Ayelign Mengesha Kassie, Elizabeth Eakin, Biruk Beletew Abate, Aklilu Endalamaw, Anteneh Zewdie, Eskinder Wolka, Yibeltal Assefa
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Access of older people to primary health care in low and middle-income countries: A systematic scoping review
Saydeh Dableh, Kate Frazer, Diarmuid Stokes, Thilo Kroll, Dirceu Henrique Paulo Mabunda
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Do national health insurance schemes guarantee financial risk protection in the drive towards Universal Health Coverage in West Africa? A systematic review of observational studies
Sydney N. N. T. Odonkor, Ferdinand Koranteng, Martin Appiah-Danquah, Lorena Dini, Ama Pokuaa Fenny
PLOS Global Public Health.2023; 3(8): e0001286. CrossRef
Universal health coverage evolution, ongoing trend, and future challenge: A conceptual and historical policy review
Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Shambhu Prasad Acharya, Chiranjivi Adhikari, Chun-Bae Kim
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Networks of care to strengthen primary healthcare in resource constrained settings
Enoch Oti Agyekum, Katherine Kalaris, Blerta Maliqi, Allisyn C Moran, Andrews Ayim, Sanam Roder-DeWan
BMJ.2023; : e071833. CrossRef
Cardiovascular Health Priorities in Sub-Saharan Africa
Nchafatso G. Obonyo, Anthony O. Etyang
SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Indicadores de desempeño de la Atención Primaria del Programa Previne Brasil
Tatiele Estefâni Schönholzer, Fabiana Costa Machado Zacharias, Gabriela Gonçalves Amaral, Luciana Aparecida Fabriz, Brener Santos Silva, Ione Carvalho Pinto
Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Indicadores de desempenho da Atenção Primária do Programa Previne Brasil
Tatiele Estefâni Schönholzer, Fabiana Costa Machado Zacharias, Gabriela Gonçalves Amaral, Luciana Aparecida Fabriz, Brener Santos Silva, Ione Carvalho Pinto
Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Performance indicators of Primary Care of the Previne Brasil Program
Tatiele Estefâni Schönholzer, Fabiana Costa Machado Zacharias, Gabriela Gonçalves Amaral, Luciana Aparecida Fabriz, Brener Santos Silva, Ione Carvalho Pinto
Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
How should we prioritise global surgery? A capabilities approach argument for the place of surgery within every health system
Rashi Jhunjhunwala, Sridhar Venkatapuram
BMJ Global Health.2023; 8(11): e013100. CrossRef
The leading global health challenges in the artificial intelligence era
Amal Mousa Zaidan
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Role of family factors in provision and perception of social support for older people in Iran: a cross-sectional survey
Maryam Tajvar, Emily Grundy, Astrid Fletcher, Elizabeth Allen, Badriyeh Karami
BMC Primary Care.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
La enseñanza de la Salud pública para alcanzar la cobertura universal en salud.
Luis Rodolfo Morales-Rosales
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La enseñanza de la Salud pública para alcanzar la cobertura universal en salud.
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An Evaluation of the Philippine Healthcare System: Preparing for a Robust Public Health in the Future
Dalmacito A. Cordero
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The impacts of donor transitions on health systems in middle-income countries: a scoping review
Hanna E Huffstetler, Shashika Bandara, Ipchita Bharali, Kaci Kennedy Mcdade, Wenhui Mao, Felicia Guo, Jiaqi Zhang, Judy Riviere, Liza Becker, Mina Mohamadi, Rebecca L Rice, Zoe King, Zoha Waqar Farooqi, Xinqi Zhang, Gavin Yamey, Osondu Ogbuoji
Health Policy and Planning.2022; 37(9): 1188. CrossRef

Reviews

DALY Estimation Approaches: Understanding and Using the Incidence-based Approach and the Prevalence-based Approach: Young-Eun Kim, Yoon-Sun Jung, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(1):10-18. Published online January 19, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.597

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269 Download
15 Web of Science
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Abstract Summary PDF

Disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) estimates may vary according to factors such as the standard life expectancy, age weighting, time preference and discount rate, calculation of disability weights, and selection of the estimation method. DALY estimation methods are divided into the following 3 approaches: the incidence-based approach, the pure prevalence-based approach, and the hybrid approach. These 3 DALY estimation approaches each reflect different perspectives on the burden of disease using unique characteristics, based on which the selection of a suitable approach may vary by the purpose of the study. The Global Burden of Disease studies, which previously estimated DALYs using the incidence-based approach, switched to using the hybrid approach in 2010, while the National Burden of Disease studies in Korea still mainly apply the incidence-based approach. In order to increase comparability with other international burden of disease studies, more DALY studies using the prevalence-based approach need to be conducted in Korea. However, with the limitations of the hybrid approach in mind, it is necessary to conduct more research using a disease classification system suitable for Korea. Furthermore, more detailed and valid data sources should be established before conducting studies using a broader variety of DALY estimation approaches. This review study will help researchers on burden of disease use an appropriate DALY estimation approach and will contribute to enhancing researchers’ ability to critically interpret burden of disease studies.

Summary

Korean summary
장애보정생존연수 산출 방법은 발생률 접근법, 순수 유병률 접근법 및 하이브리드 접근법으로 나뉜다. 이러한 3가지 장애보정생존연수 산출 접근법은 각각 고유한 특성을 가지고 질병부담에 대한 다양한 관점을 반영하기 때문에, 연구 목적에 따라 산출 접근법의 선택이 달라질 수 있다. 이번 연구의 결과는 연구자들이 장애보정생존연수 산출 방법의 타당성을 향상시키기 위하여 질병부담 연구에 사용할 산출 접근법을 결정하는 데 도움이 될 것이다.

Citations

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Trends in Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE) and Disparities by Income and Region in Korea (2008–2020): Analysis of a Nationwide Claims Database
Yoon-Sun Jung, Young-Eun Kim, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Assessment of SF-36 Survey for Quality-of-Life Measurement after Radical Cystectomy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review
Vlad Barbos, Bogdan Feciche, Silviu Latcu, Alexei Croitor, Vlad Dema, Razvan Bardan, Flaviu Ionut Faur, Tudor Mateescu, Dorin Novacescu, Gherle Bogdan, Alin Adrian Cumpanas
Diseases.2024; 12(3): 56. CrossRef
Validation of the prevalence to incidence conversion method for healthcare associated infections in long-term care facilities
Costanza Vicentini, Enrico Ricchizzi, Antonino Russotto, Stefano Bazzolo, Catia Bedosti, Valentina Blengini, Dario Ceccarelli, Elisa Fabbri, Dario Gamba, Anna Maddaleno, Edoardo Rolfini, Margherita Tancredi, Carla Maria Zotti, Giuseppe Di Martino
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(3): e0300794. CrossRef
Global, regional, and national burden and trends analysis of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer from 1990 to 2019 and predictions to 2030: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Jiao Su, Yuanhao Liang, Xiaofeng He
Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Greenspace related to bipolar disorder in Taiwan: Quantitative benefits of saving DALY loss and increasing income
Aji Kusumaning Asri, Chia-Hao Yeh, Hao-Ting Chang, Hsiao-Yun Lee, Shih-Chun Candice Lung, John D. Spengler, Chih-Da Wu
Health & Place.2023; 83: 103097. CrossRef
Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom: a review of methodological design choices
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Assessing the Burden of Dengue during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico
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Estimating the impact of a police education program on hepatitis C virus transmission and disease burden among people who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico: A dynamic modeling analysis
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Addiction.2023; 118(9): 1763. CrossRef
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Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(7): 351. CrossRef
Updating Korean Disability Weights for Causes of Disease: Adopting an Add-on Study Method
Dasom Im, Noor Afif Mahmudah, Seok-Jun Yoon, Young-Eun Kim, Don-Hyung Lee, Yeon-hee Kim, Yoon-Sun Jung, Minsu Ock
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 291. CrossRef
Reappraisal of the Concept of Accelerated Aging in Neurodegeneration and Beyond
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Cells.2023; 12(20): 2451. CrossRef
Comprehensive Measurement of the Burden of Disease due to Adverse Events: A New Analysis of the Cross-Sectional Patient Safety Incident Inquiry
Eun Young Choi, Juyoung Kim, Won Lee, Seung Gyeong Jang, Jeehee Pyo, Minsu Ock
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Vertigo and its burden of disease—Results from a population‐based cohort study
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Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Translational opportunities emerge from genetic influences on health
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Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Necessity and Characteristics: Jeehee Pyo, Won Lee, Eun Young Choi, Seung Gyeong Jang, Minsu Ock; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(1):12-20. Published online January 10, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.451

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475 Download
11 Web of Science
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Abstract Summary PDF

Quantitative and qualitative research explore various social phenomena using different methods. However, there has been a tendency to treat quantitative studies using complicated statistical techniques as more scientific and superior, whereas relatively few qualitative studies have been conducted in the medical and healthcare fields. This review aimed to provide a proper understanding of qualitative research. This review examined the characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research to help researchers select the appropriate qualitative research methodology. Qualitative research is applicable in following cases: (1) when an exploratory approach is required on a topic that is not well known, (2) when something cannot be explained fully with quantitative research, (3) when it is necessary to newly present a specific view on a research topic that is difficult to explain with existing views, (4) when it is inappropriate to present the rationale or theoretical proposition for designing hypotheses, as in quantitative research, and (5) when conducting research that requires detailed descriptive writing with literary expressions. Qualitative research is conducted in the following order: (1) selection of a research topic and question, (2) selection of a theoretical framework and methods, (3) literature analysis, (4) selection of the research participants and data collection methods, (5) data analysis and description of findings, and (6) research validation. This review can contribute to the more active use of qualitative research in healthcare, and the findings are expected to instill a proper understanding of qualitative research in researchers who review qualitative research reports and papers.

Summary

Korean summary
이 원고는 질적연구 방법론의 필요성 및 특징과 함께 보건의료 분야에서 질적연구 방법론이 활용된 선행 연구들을 정리하였다. 이는 보건의료 분야의 사회과학적 특성을 더 잘 드러내는 질적연구 방법론의 적용 및 확대에 도움이 될 것이다.

Citations

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A qualitative pilot study exploring clients’ and health-care professionals’ experiences with aquatic therapy post-stroke in Ontario, Canada
Andresa R. Marinho-Buzelli, Abirami Vijayakumar, Elizabeth Linkewich, Catherine Gareau, Hasnain Mawji, Zoe Li, Sander L. Hitzig
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The Mindfulness-Based Social Work and Self-Care Programme: A Focus Group Study
Alan Maddock, Karen McGuigan, Pearse McCusker, Jane Kellock
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Kazakhstani elite athletes’ perspectives on the Tokyo 2020 olympic and paralympic games postponement and their preparation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Venera Abdulla, Natalya Glushkova, Kulman Nyssanbayeva, Maira Bakasheva, Dominic Sagoe
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Dasom Im, Jeehye Pyo, Haneul Lee, Hyeran Jung, Minsu Ock
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Gaia Dussi, Stefano Bembich, Roberta Crevatin, Sara Buchini, Silvana Schreiber, Livia Bicego, Andrea Cassone, Raffaella Dobrina
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2023; 79(10): 3776. CrossRef
Investigating Functional Impairment in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Qualitative Study from the Patients and Specialists’ Perspectives
Arturo Cuomo, Franco Marinangeli, Alberto Magni, Emiliano Petrucci, Alessandro Vittori, Marco Cascella
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Author Response: Students’ Positive Coping Strategies From Disaster: A Narrative Analysis
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Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 390. CrossRef
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Qualitative Research Among Health Sciences Faculty
Mohamud Mohamud, Alwaleed A Albarkani, Emad Masuadi, Abdullaziz A Alsahly, Abdulaziz I Alkudairy, Yazeed F Shalabi, Abdulrahman Faqih, Khaled A Alaukili, Saad J Alsahli
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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A Review of the Types and Characteristics of Healthy Life Expectancy and Methodological Issues: Young-Eun Kim, Yoon-Sun Jung, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(1):1-9. Published online January 16, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.580

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361 Download
12 Web of Science
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Abstract Summary PDF

An index that evaluates the health level of a population group considering both death and loss of function due to disease is called a summary measure of population health (SMPH). SMPHs are broadly divided into life year indices and life expectancy indices, the latter of which comprise healthy life expectancy (HLE). HLE is included as a policy target in various national and regional level healthcare plans, and the term “HLE” is commonly used in academia and by the public. However, the overall level of understanding of HLE—such as the precise definition of HLE and methods of calculating HLE—still seems to be low. As discussed in this study, the types of HLE are classified into disability-free life expectancy, disease-free life expectancy, quality-adjusted life expectancy, self-rated HLE, and disability-adjusted life expectancy. Their characteristics are examined to facilitate a correct understanding and appropriate utilization of HLE. In addition, the Sullivan method, as a representative method for calculating HLE, is presented in detail, and major issues in the process of calculating HLE, such as selection of the population group and age group, estimation of death probability, calculation of life years, and incorporation of health weights, are reviewed. This study will help researchers to select an appropriate HLE type and evaluate the validity of HLE research results, and it is expected to contribute to the vitalization of HLE research.

Summary

Korean summary
건강수명의 유형은 무장애기대수명, 질병 없는 기대수명, 질보정기대수명, 자가평가보정 기대수명, 장애보정기대수명으로 분류된다. 건강수명의 올바른 이해와 적절한 활용을 돕기 위해 이들의 특성을 검토하였다. 이번 연구는 연구자들이 적절한 건강수명 유형을 선택하고 건강수명 연구 결과의 타당성을 평가하는 데 도움이 될 것이며, 건강수명 연구의 활성화에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Citations

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Changing trends in health orientation among older adults: A scoping review
Kana Kazawa, Wakako Maeda‐Sawada, Eri Shizukuishi, Shota Hamada, Mia Kobayashi, Jiro Okochi, Shinya Ishii
Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2024; 24(1): 5. CrossRef
Trends in Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE) and Disparities by Income and Region in Korea (2008–2020): Analysis of a Nationwide Claims Database
Yoon-Sun Jung, Young-Eun Kim, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Opioid Prescription and Long-term Survival Outcomes in Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Tak Kyu Oh, In-Ae Song
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Estimating quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) for local authorities in Great Britain and its association with indicators of the inclusive economy: a cross-sectional study
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Sex/gender-related differences in inflammaging
Fabiola Olivieri, Francesca Marchegiani, Giulia Matacchione, Angelica Giuliani, Deborah Ramini, Francesca Fazioli, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Massimiliano Bonafè
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Relevance Index Regional Variation by Each Disease and Its Essential Medical Field: A Retrospective Data Analysis From 2016-2020 in Korea
Young-Eun Kim, Jeehee Pyo, Haneul Lee, HyeRan Jeong, Young-Kwon Park, Jeong-Wook Seo, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Trends of healthy and unhealthy working life expectancy in Germany between 2001 and 2020 at ages 50 and 60: a question of educational level?
Stefanie Sperlich, Johannes Beller, Jelena Epping, Siegfried Geyer, Juliane Tetzlaff
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.2023; 77(7): 430. CrossRef
Updating Korean Disability Weights for Causes of Disease: Adopting an Add-on Study Method
Dasom Im, Noor Afif Mahmudah, Seok-Jun Yoon, Young-Eun Kim, Don-Hyung Lee, Yeon-hee Kim, Yoon-Sun Jung, Minsu Ock
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 291. CrossRef
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Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Rui Zhang, Siyuan Wu, Qing Guo, Lizhu Jin, Xuejie Du, Shaoqiong Li, Yujie Meng, Songwang Wang, Xuemei Su, Jing Wu
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Original Article

Association Between Sleep Quality and Anxiety in Korean Adolescents: Hyunkyu Kim, Seung Hoon Kim, Sung-In Jang, Eun-Cheol Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(2):173-181. Published online February 10, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.498

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227 Download
8 Web of Science
11 Crossref

Abstract Summary PDF

Objectives
Anxiety disorder is among the most prevalent mental illnesses among adolescents. Early detection and proper treatment are important for preventing sequelae such as suicide and substance use disorder. Studies have suggested that sleep duration is associated with anxiety disorder in adolescents. In the present study, we investigated the association between sleep quality and anxiety in a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire was used to evaluate anxiety. The chi-square test was used to investigate and compare the general characteristics of the study population, and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety.
Results
In both sexes, anxiety was highly prevalent in participants with poor sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43 to 1.71 in boys; aOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.42 in girls). Regardless of sleep duration, participants with poor sleep quality showed a high aOR for anxiety.
Conclusions
This study identified a consistent relationship between sleep quality and anxiety in Korean adolescents regardless of sleep duration.

Summary

Korean summary
청소년건강행태조사를 이용하여 청소년들의 수면의 질과 불안과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 좋지 않은 수면의 질은 불안감과 연관성이 있었으며 이 연관성은 대상자들의 수면시간과 상관없이 나타났다.

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Review

Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Data Analysis: Dasom Im, Jeehye Pyo, Haneul Lee, Hyeran Jung, Minsu Ock; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(2):100-110. Published online February 15, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.471

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Abstract Summary PDF

Qualitative research methodology has been applied with increasing frequency in various fields, including in healthcare research, where quantitative research methodology has traditionally dominated, with an empirically driven approach involving statistical analysis. Drawing upon artifacts and verbal data collected from in-depth interviews or participatory observations, qualitative research examines the comprehensive experiences of research participants who have experienced salient yet unappreciated phenomena. In this study, we review 6 representative qualitative research methodologies in terms of their characteristics and analysis methods: consensual qualitative research, phenomenological research, qualitative case study, grounded theory, photovoice, and content analysis. We mainly focus on specific aspects of data analysis and the description of results, while also providing a brief overview of each methodology’s philosophical background. Furthermore, since quantitative researchers have criticized qualitative research methodology for its perceived lack of validity, we examine various validation methods of qualitative research. This review article intends to assist researchers in employing an ideal qualitative research methodology and in reviewing and evaluating qualitative research with proper standards and criteria.

Summary

Korean summary
질적연구 방법론은 보건의료 연구에서 연구 참여자가 경험하는 주요 현상을 잘 포착할 수 있도록 해 준다. 이 논문에서는 합의적 질적연구, 현상학적 연구, 질적 사례 연구, 근거이론, 포토보이스, 내용 분석 등 6가지의 대표적인 질적 연구 방법론에 대한 간략한 철학적 배경과 구체적인 데이터 분석 및 해석 방법을 소개한다.

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Systematic Reviews

Low Social Support and Risk for Depression in People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Akhmad Azmiardi, Bhisma Murti, Ratih Puspita Febrinasari, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(1):37-48. Published online January 10, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.490

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Depression is a frequent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between low social support and risk for depression in people with type 2 diabetes through a meta-analysis.
Methods
PubMed, ProQuest, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for English-language articles published up to 2021. Pooled adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated using a random-effect model with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was evaluated by using the Cochrane Q test and I² statistics. The risk of publication bias was estimated using a funnel plot, the Egger test, and the Begg test. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools were used to assess the quality of evidence and the risk of bias.
Results
Eleven studies were included in this meta-analysis, containing a total of 3151 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pooled analysis showed that people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had low social support had twice as high a risk of depression as those with high social support (aOR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.51 to 2.70; p<0.001). A random-effect model was used because the heterogeneity was high (I²= 87%).
Conclusions
Low social support was found to increase the risk of depression among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further investigation into factors that may moderate this relationship is required.

Summary

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The risk factors for mental health disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes: An umbrella review of systematic reviews with and without meta-analysis
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Diabetes and Mental Health
David J. Robinson, Kimberley Hanson, Akshay B. Jain, Jessica C. Kichler, Gaurav Mehta, Osnat C. Melamed, Michael Vallis, Harpreet S. Bajaj, Tracy Barnes, Jeremy Gilbert, Kristin Honshorst, Robyn Houlden, James Kim, Joanne Lewis, Barbara MacDonald, Dylan M
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Vitamin D Deficiency and Comorbidities as Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Pinki Mishra, Rizwana Parveen, Ram Bajpai, Nidhi Agarwal; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(4):321-333. Published online June 13, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.640

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Extensive evidence links low vitamin D status and comorbidities with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, but the results of published studies are contradictory. Therefore, we investigated the association of lower levels of vitamin D and comorbidities with the risk of COVID-19 infection.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov for articles published until August 20, 2021. Sixteen eligible studies were identified (386 631 patients, of whom 181 114 were male). We included observational cohort and case-control studies that evaluated serum levels of vitamin D in COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
Results
Significantly lower vitamin D levels were found in COVID-19-positive patients (MD, -1.70; 95% CI, -2.74 to -0.66; p=0.001), but with variation by study design (case-control: -4.04; 95% CI, -5.98 to -2.10; p<0.001; cohort: -0.39; 95% CI, -1.62 to 0.84; p=0.538). This relationship was more prominent in female patients (MD, -2.18; 95% CI, -4.08 to -0.28; p=0.024) than in male patients (MD, -1.74; 95% CI, -3.79 to 0.31; p=0.096). Male patients showed higher odds of having low vitamin D levels (odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95% CI, 1.38 to 3.17; p<0.001) than female patients (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.86; p=0.477). Comorbidities showed inconsistent, but generally non-significant, associations with COVID-19 infection.
Conclusions
Low serum vitamin-D levels were significantly associated with the risk of COVID-19 infection. This relationship was stronger in female than in male COVID-19 patients. Limited evidence was found for the relationships between comorbidities and COVID-19 infection, warranting large population-based studies to clarify these associations.

Summary

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Special Article

Cohort Profile: Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort Constructed by Linking the Korean National Tuberculosis Surveillance System and National Health Information Database: Dawoon Jeong, Hee-Yeon Kang, Jinsun Kim, Hyewon Lee, Bit-Na Yoo, Hee-Sun Kim, Hongjo Choi; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(3):253-262. Published online April 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.635

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We aimed to review the current data composition of the Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort, which was constructed by linking the Korean Tuberculosis Surveillance System (KNTSS; established and operated by the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency since 2000) and the National Health Information Database (NHID; established by the National Health Insurance Service in 2012). The following data were linked: KNTSS data pertaining to patients diagnosed with tuberculosis between 2011 and 2018, NHID data of patients with a history of tuberculosis and related diseases between 2006 and 2018, and data (obtained from the Statistics Korea database) on causes of death. Data from 300 117 tuberculosis patients (177 206 men and 122 911 women) were linked. The rate of treatment success for new cases was highest in 2015 (86.7%), with a gradual decrease thereafter. The treatment success rate for previously treated cases showed an increasing trend until 2014 (79.0%) and decreased thereafter. In total, 53 906 deaths were confirmed among tuberculosis patients included in the cohort. The Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort can be used to analyze different measurement variables in an integrated manner depending on the data source. Therefore, these cohort data can be used in future epidemiological studies and research on policy-effect analysis, treatment outcome analysis, and health-related behaviors such as treatment discontinuation.

Summary

Korean summary
TB Post 코호트(Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort)는 한국의 결핵 모니터링 및 관리에 대한 인구집단 수준에서의 새로운 근거를 마련하고자 구축한 우리나라 결핵 환자 코호트입니다. 국가 결핵감시체계의 일환으로 구축된 질병관리청의 결핵신고자료와 국민건강보험공단의 국민건강정보DB 자료, 통계청 사망원인 자료의 연계로 구축되었으며, 각 자료원이 보유한 정보를 활용하여 통합적인 결핵 환자 연구가 가능할 것으로 기대하고 있습니다. 결핵의 정책 효과 연구뿐만 아니라, 치료 성공, 실패, 중단 등 치료결과에 대한 영향 요인 및 환자들의 건강 관련 행태에 대한 역학 연구 등 향후 다양한 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대됩니다.

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Original Article

Health-related Quality of Life Instrument With 8 Items for Use in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Validation Study in Korea: Juyoung Kim, Hyeon-Jeong Lee, Min-Woo Jo; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(3):234-242. Published online May 12, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.020

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Health-related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in patients with diabetes. HINT-8 is a newly-developed, generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument.
Methods
Three HRQoL instruments—HINT-8, EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L), and Short Form Health Survey version 2.0 (SF-36v2)—were provided to 300 patients with diabetes visiting a tertiary hospital for follow-up visits in Korea. The HRQoL scores obtained using the HINT-8 were evaluated for subgroups with known differences based on demographics and diabetes-related characteristics (known-group validity). The mean scores of the instruments were compared between groups segmented by their responses to the HINT-8 (discriminatory ability). Correlation coefficients of the HINT-8 with other instruments were calculated (convergent and divergent validity). The Cohen kappa and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were also evaluated (test-retest reliability).
Results
The average HINT-8 indexes were lower among women, older, and less-educated subjects. Subjects who did not list any problems on the HINT-8 had significantly higher HRQoL scores than those who did. The correlation coefficients of the HINT-8 with the EQ-5D-5L index and EuroQoL visual analogue scale were 0.715 (p<0.001) and 0.517 (p<0.001), respectively. The correlation coefficients between the HINT-8 index and the scores of 8 domains of the SF-36v2 ranged from 0.478 (p<0.001) to 0.669 (p<0.001). The Cohen kappa values for the HINT-8 ranged from 0.268 to 0.601, and the ICC of the HINT-8 index was 0.800 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.720 to 0.860).
Conclusions
This study showed that the HINT-8 is a valid and reliable HRQoL instrument for patients with diabetes.

Summary

Korean summary
이 연구는 한국인의 사회문화적 특성을 반영하여 개발된 건강관련 삶의 질 도구인 HINT-8의 타당도 및 신뢰도를 대표적인 만성 질환인 제2형 당뇨 환자를 대상으로 검증하였다. 연구결과는 제2형 당뇨 환자에서 HINT-8의 활용 가능성을 보여주었을 뿐만 아니라 일반적 건강관련 삶의 질 도구 중 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 EQ-5D-5L보다 HINT-8이 삶의 질 상태를 더욱 정교하게 구분하고 있음을 보여주었다.

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Perspective

Gender in Climate Change: Safeguarding LGBTQ+ Mental Health in the Philippine Climate Change Response From a Minority Stress Perspective: Rowalt Alibudbud; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(2):196-199. Published online March 13, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.501

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Abstract PDF

Climate-related events unevenly affect society, worsening mental health disparities among vulnerable populations. This paper highlights that lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transgender, queers, and other individuals identifying as sexual and gender minorities (LGBTQ+) could be considered a climate-vulnerable population in the Philippines, one of the most climate-vulnerable countries. As such, this paper elucidated that LGBTQ+ Filipinos can be marginalized in climate response efforts due to their sexual orientation and gender minority identities. According to the minority stress theory, discrimination against LGBTQ+ individuals may predispose them to mental health problems. Thus, there is a need to institute an LGBTQ+ inclusive mental health response for climate-related events to address discrimination against LGBTQ+ individuals and uphold their mental health.

Summary

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A human rights‐based approach to climate injustices at the local, national, and international levels: Program and policy recommendations
Sheri R. Levy, Meroona Gopang, Luisa Ramírez, Allan B. I. Bernardo, Martin D. Ruck, Anni Sternisko
Social Issues and Policy Review.2024; 18(1): 3. CrossRef
Improving LGBTQ+ mental health in Southeast Asia through social work: Insights from the Philippines
Rowalt Alibudbud
International Social Work.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Kieren Rudge
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Mental health service, training, promotion, and research during typhoons: Climate change experiences from the Philippines
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Examining the Role of Psychosocial Stressors in Hypertension: Komal Marwaha; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(6):499-505. Published online November 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.266

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Abstract PDF

Despite advances in medicine and preventive strategies, fewer than 1 in 5 people with hypertension have the problem under control. This could partly be due to gaps in fully elucidating the etiology of hypertension. Genetics and conventional lifestyle risk factors, such as the lack of exercise, unhealthy diet, excess salt intake, and alcohol consumption, do not fully explain the pathogenesis of hypertension. Thus, it is necessary to revisit other suggested risk factors that have not been paid due attention. One such factor is psychosocial stress. This paper explores the evidence for the association of psychosocial stressors with hypertension and shows that robust evidence supports the role of a chronic stressful environment at work or in marriage, low socioeconomic status, lack of social support, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, childhood psychological trauma, and racial discrimination in the development or progression of hypertension. Furthermore, the potential pathophysiological mechanisms that link psychosocial stress to hypertension are explained to address the ambiguity in this area and set the stage for further research.

Summary

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Original Articles

“Leisure Life Satisfaction:” Will It Have a Beneficial Impact on Depression Among Older Adults in Community Care Settings in Korea?: Il-Ho Kim, Cheong-Seok Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(4):398-406. Published online July 7, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.160

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Abstract Summary PDF

Objectives
While the risk of depression is expected to substantially increase among older adults receiving community care, leisure life satisfaction can be regarded as a key component in enhancing the mental health of those receiving community care. However, it is not yet known whether community care utilization increases the risk of depression, or what role is played by leisure life satisfaction in these settings. This study investigated the relationship between community care utilization and depression, as well as the main effect and the moderating role of leisure life satisfaction on the link between community care utilization and depression among older adults.
Methods
This study, using the 2019 Korean Welfare Panel Survey, conducted multiple regression analysis on data from 4494 elderly people aged 65 years or older.
Results
After controlling for potential covariates, older community care recipients were more likely to report symptoms of depression than those who did not receive community care. Meanwhile, leisure life satisfaction was negatively associated with depression in older adults. The test for interaction between community care utilization and leisure life satisfaction revealed that leisure life satisfaction significantly attenuated the link between depression and community care utilization.
Conclusions
The findings of this study imply that leisure life satisfaction could play a meaningful role in improving the mental health of older adults receiving community care. Welfare policies affecting older adults should consider leisure life satisfaction as an important resource for reducing depression in community care settings.

Summary

Korean summary
본 연구는 2019년 한국복지패널조사의 4,494명의 노인들을 대상으로 돌봄노인의 우울 수준과 여가생활 만족의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 돌봄노인의 우울증상이 일반노인에 비하여 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 반면 여가생활 만족은 돌봄서비스 이용노인의 우울 증상을 조절하는 효과가 있었다. 이 연구의 결과는 여가생활 만족이 돌봄노인의 정신건강을 향상시키는데 의미 있는 역할을 할 수 있다는 것을 암시한다.

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Leisure and Happiness of the Elderly: A Machine Learning Approach
Eui-Jae Kim, Hyun-Wook Kang, Seong-Man Park
Sustainability.2024; 16(7): 2730. CrossRef
Social engagement and subjective health among older adults in South Korea: Evidence from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006–2018)
Bo Zhao, Ji Eon Kim, Jiyoung Moon, Eun Woo Nam
SSM - Population Health.2023; 21: 101341. CrossRef
Do the various leisure forms have equal effects on mental health? A longitudinal analysis of self-selected leisure activities
Junyi Bian, Zubing Xiang
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Development of a prediction model for the depression level of the elderly in low-income households: using decision trees, logistic regression, neural networks, and random forest
Kyu-Min Kim, Jae-Hak Kim, Hyun-Sill Rhee, Bo-Young Youn
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Trajectory of Depressive Symptoms Across Years of Community Care Utilization Among Older Adults: A 14-Year Follow-up Study Using the ‘Korean Welfare Panel Survey’
Il-Ho Kim, Cheong-Seok Kim, Min-Hyeok Jeong
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(6): 495. CrossRef

Social and Policy Determinants of COVID-19 Infection Across 23 Countries: An Ecological Study: Kyungsik Kim, Young-Do Jeung, Jeoungbin Choi, Sue K. Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(2):144-152. Published online February 10, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.396

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
This study aimed to identify the social and policy determinants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection across 23 countries.
Methods
COVID-19 indicators (incidence, mortality, and fatality) for each country were calculated by direct and indirect standardization. Multivariable regression analyses were used to identify the social and policy determinants of COVID-19 infection.
Results
A higher number of doctors per population was related to lower incidence, mortality, and fatality rates of COVID-19 in 23 countries (β=-0.672, -0.445, and -0.564, respectively). The number of nurses/midwives per population was associated with lower mortality and fatality rates of COVID-19 in 23 countries (β=-0.215 and -0.372, respectively). Strengthening of policy restriction indicators, such as restrictions of public gatherings, was related to lower COVID-19 incidence (β=-0.423). A national Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination policy conducted among special groups or in the past was associated with a higher incidence of COVID-19 in 23 countries (β=0.341). The proportion of the elderly population (aged over 70 years) was related to higher mortality and fatality rates (β=0.209 and 0.350, respectively), and income support was associated with mortality and fatality rates (β=-0.362 and -0.449, respectively).
Conclusions
These findings do not imply causality because this was a country-based correlation study. However, COVID-19 transmission can be influenced by social and policy determinants such as integrated health systems and policy responses to COVID-19. Various social and policy determinants should be considered when planning responses to COVID-19.

Summary

Korean summary
본 연구는 23개국의 코로나 19 감염 지표 (발생, 사망, 치명)과 관련있는 사회적, 정책적 요소를 확인하고자 하는생태학적 연구이다. 이는 코로나 19 감염 지표에 대한 인과성을 제시하는 연구가 아니기에 주의 깊은 해석이 필요하며 본 연구에서 제시한 사회적, 정책적 요소를 통해 코로나 19 감염에 대한 국가적인 정책을 고려할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

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COVID 19 mortality as a reflection of the quality of health in EU countries
Beáta Stehlíková, Zuzana Vincúrová, Ivan Brezina, Ilona Švihlíková
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Social and Policy Determinants of COVID-19
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Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2022; 55(3): 308. CrossRef
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Special Article

Measuring Trends in the Socioeconomic Burden of Disease in Korea, 2007-2015: Tae Eung Kim, Ru-Gyeom Lee, So-Youn Park, In-Hwan Oh; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(1):19-27. Published online January 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.594

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

This study estimated the direct and indirect socioeconomic costs of 238 diseases and 22 injuries from a social perspective in Korea from 2007 to 2015. The socioeconomic cost of each disease group was calculated based on the Korean Standard Disease Classification System. Direct costs were estimated using health insurance claims data provided by the National Health Insurance Service. The numbers of outpatients and inpatients with the main diagnostic codes for each disease were selected as a proxy indicator for estimating patients’ medical use behavior by disease. The economic burden of disease from 2007 to 2015 showed an approximately 20% increase in total costs. From 2007 to 2015, communicable diseases (including infectious, maternal, pediatric, and nutritional diseases) accounted for 8.9-12.2% of the socioeconomic burden, while non-infectious diseases accounted for 65.7-70.7% and injuries accounted for 19.1-22.8%. The top 5 diseases in terms of the socioeconomic burden were self-harm (which took the top spot for 8 years), followed by cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer, ischemic heart disease, and upper respiratory infections in 2007. Since 2010, the economic burden of conditions such as low back pain, falls, and acute bronchitis has been included in this ranking. This study expanded the scope of calculating the burden of disease at the national level by calculating the burden of disease in Koreans by gender and disease. These findings can be used as indicators of health equality and as useful data for establishing community-centered (or customized) health promotion policies, projects, and national health policy goals.

Summary

Korean summary
2007년에서 2015년 기간의 건강보험 자료 등을 이용하여, 해당기간의 경제적 질병부담을 측정하였으며, 해당 기간동안 경제적 질병부담은 20%의 증가를 나타내었다. 동 기간동안 비감염성 질환의 경제적 질병부담의 비율은 약 70%로 나타났으며, 감염성 질환은 약 10%, 손상은 20%로 나타났다. 한편 개별 질병군 기준으로는 자살을 포함한 자해가 1위를 차지한 해가 가장 많았다.

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