Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Original Articles

Health-related Quality of Life of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Measured With the Bahasa Indonesia Version of EQ-5D in Primary Care Settings in Indonesia: Muhammad Husen Prabowo, Ratih Puspita Febrinasari, Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari, Yodi Mahendradhata, Anni-Maria Pulkki-Brännström, Ari Probandari; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(5):467-474. Published online September 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.229

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Objectives
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious public health issue that places a heavy financial, social, and health-related burden on individuals, families, and healthcare systems. Self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is extensively used for monitoring the general population’s health conditions and measuring the effectiveness of interventions. Therefore, this study investigated HRQoL and associated factors among patients with type 2 DM at a primary healthcare center in Indonesia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Klaten District, Central Java, Indonesia, from May 2019 to July 2019. In total, 260 patients with DM registered with National Health Insurance were interviewed. HRQoL was measured with the EuroQol Group’s validated Bahasa Indonesia version of the EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) with the Indonesian value set. Multivariate regression models were used to identify factors influencing HRQoL.
Results
Data from 24 patients were excluded due to incomplete information. Most participants were men (60.6%), were aged above 50 years (91.5%), had less than a senior high school education (75.0%), and were unemployed (85.6%). The most frequent health problems were reported for the pain/discomfort dimension (64.0%) followed by anxiety (28.4%), mobility (17.8%), usual activities (10.6%), and self-care (6.8%). The average EuroQoL 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) index score was 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 0.88). In the multivariate ordinal regression model, a higher education level (coefficient, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.14) was a significant predictor of the EQ-5D-5L utility score.
Conclusions
Patients with diabetes had poorer EQ-5D-5L utility values than the general population. DM patients experienced pain/discomfort and anxiety. There was a substantial positive relationship between education level and HRQoL.

Summary

Key Message
This study examined Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in 260 type 2 diabetes patients in Indonesia. Most were male (60.6%), over 50 (91.5%), with low education (75%) and unemployed (85.6%). Pain/discomfort was the most common issue (64%), followed by anxiety (28.4%). The average HRQoL score was 0.86. Higher education positively impacted HRQoL. Diabetes patients face lower HRQoL compared to the general population, with notable issues in pain and anxiety. Education level significantly influences HRQoL. This highlights the importance of education in improving the well-being of diabetes patients in Indonesia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Socio-demographic disparities in health-related quality of life in hypertensive patients in Bangladesh: a comprehensive survey analysis
Md. Mizanur Rahman, Md. Nesar Uddin Sorkar, Ryota Nakamura, Md. Monirul Islam, Md. Ashraful Alam, Syed Khurram Azmat, Motohiro Sato
Quality of Life Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic CYP2A6 Polymorphism May Worsen Glycohemoglobin Levels: Study among Javanese Indonesian Smokers
Christine Patramurti, Dita Maria Virginia
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy.2024; 7(1): 29. CrossRef

Health-related Quality of Life Instrument With 8 Items for Use in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Validation Study in Korea: Juyoung Kim, Hyeon-Jeong Lee, Min-Woo Jo; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(3):234-242. Published online May 12, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.020

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Health-related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in patients with diabetes. HINT-8 is a newly-developed, generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument.
Methods
Three HRQoL instruments—HINT-8, EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L), and Short Form Health Survey version 2.0 (SF-36v2)—were provided to 300 patients with diabetes visiting a tertiary hospital for follow-up visits in Korea. The HRQoL scores obtained using the HINT-8 were evaluated for subgroups with known differences based on demographics and diabetes-related characteristics (known-group validity). The mean scores of the instruments were compared between groups segmented by their responses to the HINT-8 (discriminatory ability). Correlation coefficients of the HINT-8 with other instruments were calculated (convergent and divergent validity). The Cohen kappa and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were also evaluated (test-retest reliability).
Results
The average HINT-8 indexes were lower among women, older, and less-educated subjects. Subjects who did not list any problems on the HINT-8 had significantly higher HRQoL scores than those who did. The correlation coefficients of the HINT-8 with the EQ-5D-5L index and EuroQoL visual analogue scale were 0.715 (p<0.001) and 0.517 (p<0.001), respectively. The correlation coefficients between the HINT-8 index and the scores of 8 domains of the SF-36v2 ranged from 0.478 (p<0.001) to 0.669 (p<0.001). The Cohen kappa values for the HINT-8 ranged from 0.268 to 0.601, and the ICC of the HINT-8 index was 0.800 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.720 to 0.860).
Conclusions
This study showed that the HINT-8 is a valid and reliable HRQoL instrument for patients with diabetes.

Summary

Korean summary
이 연구는 한국인의 사회문화적 특성을 반영하여 개발된 건강관련 삶의 질 도구인 HINT-8의 타당도 및 신뢰도를 대표적인 만성 질환인 제2형 당뇨 환자를 대상으로 검증하였다. 연구결과는 제2형 당뇨 환자에서 HINT-8의 활용 가능성을 보여주었을 뿐만 아니라 일반적 건강관련 삶의 질 도구 중 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 EQ-5D-5L보다 HINT-8이 삶의 질 상태를 더욱 정교하게 구분하고 있음을 보여주었다.

Citations

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Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Mi-Sun Lee, Hooyeon Lee
JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.2024; 10: e49433. CrossRef
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Eunjeong Choi, Hyun‐Ju Seo, IL Han Choo, Seong Min Kim, Jeong Min Park, Yu Mi Choi
Public Health Nursing.2024; 41(5): 1210. CrossRef
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Yae Won Tak, Ye-Eun Park, Seunghee Baek, Jong Won Lee, Seockhoon Chung, Yura Lee
JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Quality of life, physical symptoms, and psychological symptoms according to the status of chronic vestibulopathy
Sang-Yoon Han, Sang-Yeon Lee, Myung-Whan Suh, Jun Ho Lee, Moo Kyun Park, Renato S. Melo
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(11): e0312727. CrossRef
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Min Kyung Hyun
European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2023; 58: 102223. CrossRef
Internal Structure of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8-Items in a Nationally Representative Population
Eun-Hyun Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(3): 359. CrossRef
Obstructive sleep apnea related to mental health, health-related quality of life and multimorbidity: A nationwide survey of a representative sample in Republic of Korea
Mee-Ri Lee, Sung Min Jung, Frances Chung
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(6): e0287182. CrossRef
Smartphone application-based rehabilitation in patients with chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases: a randomised controlled trial study protocol
Chiwook Chung, Ah-Ram Kim, Il-Young Jang, Min-Woo Jo, Seongho Lee, Dongbum Kim, Hee Kwon, Do-Yoon Kang, Sei Won Lee
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