Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Original Articles

Understanding the Perspectives of Paediatric Physicians on Physiotherapy in Paediatric Rehabilitation in Chennai, India: A Qualitative Approach: Vadivelan Kanniappan, Abishek Jayapal Rajeswari, Pearlyn Esther Padma Lawrence, Subash Sundar; J Prev Med Public Health. 2024;57(2):157-166. Published online January 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.426

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
Children with disabilities may exhibit a multitude of symptoms, and treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach for a satisfactory outcome. Lack of awareness among physicians, lack of referral, and lack of inter-sectoral coordination have hindered paediatric practice in Tamil Nadu, a state in India with a striking childhood disability rate that warrants a timely interdisciplinary approach. However, the perspectives of paediatricians on paediatric physiotherapy are unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the perspectives of practicing paediatric physicians in Chennai on the role of physiotherapy in paediatrics.
Methods
For an in-depth exploration, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted in person with 10 paediatricians. Audio from the sessions was recorded and transcribed, and data saturation was achieved through iterative analysis.
Results
A grounded theory analysis of the results yielded 5 domains under which the perspectives and expectations of the physicians were described, along with the barriers experienced by patients’ parents as explained by their paediatrician. The responses highlighted deficits in awareness, structural support, accessibility and direct communication between physicians and physiotherapists.
Conclusions
Paediatric physicians have different opinions, and some ignorance persists concerning paediatric physiotherapy. This study warrants a proper structure of the paediatric rehabilitation unit and regular interdisciplinary meetings and focus group discussions to increase access for parents and improve patient outcomes.; Summary

Key Message
The paper investigates the views of pediatricians in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, about pediatric physiotherapy. It finds themes including the value of a multidisciplinary approach, the function of experienced physiotherapists, and parental access restrictions via qualitative interviews with ten doctors. To maximize patient outcomes, recommendations include raising awareness, strengthening multidisciplinary cooperation, and creating centralized pediatric rehabilitation centers.

Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy on the Survival of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive Adult Patients in Andhra Pradesh, India: A Retrospective Cohort Study, 2007-2013: Ram Bajpai, Himanshu Chaturvedi, Lakshmanan Jayaseelan, Pauline Harvey, Nicole Seguy, Laxmikant Chavan, Pinnamaneni Raj, Arvind Pandey; J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(6):394-405. Published online October 28, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.073

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Objectives
The survival outcomes of antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs have not been systematically evaluated at the state level in India. This retrospective study assessed the survival rates and factors associated with survival among adult human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in Andhra Pradesh, India.
Methods
The present study used data from 139 679 HIV patients aged ≥15 years on ART who were registered from 2007 to 2011 and were followed up through December 2013. The primary end point was death of the patient. Mortality densities (per 1000 person-years) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression models were used to estimate survival and explore the factors associated with survival.
Results
The overall median follow-up time was 16.0 months (2.0 months for the deceased and 14.0 months for those lost to follow-up). Approximately 13.2% of those newly initiated on ART died during follow-up. Of those deaths, 56% occurred in the first three months. The crude mortality rate was 80.9 per 1000 person-years at risk. The CD4 count (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR],4.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.36 to 5.46 for <100 cells/mm³ vs. >350 cells/mm³), functional status (aHR, 3.05; 95% CI, 2.82 to 3.30 for bedridden vs. normal), and body weight (aHR, 3.69; 95% CI, 3.42 to 3.97 for <45 kg vs. >60 kg) were strongly associated with the survival of HIV patients.
Conclusions
The study findings revealed that high mortality was observed within the first three months of ART initiation. Patients with poor baseline clinical characteristics had a higher risk of mortality. Expanded testing and counseling should be encouraged, with the goal of ensuring early enrollment into the program followed by the initiation of ART in HIV-infected patients.

Summary

Citations

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Animut Alebel, David Sibbritt, Pammla Petrucka, Daniel Demant
Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2023; 12(1): 227. CrossRef
Prognoses of the HIV Infection Under Long-Time Arv Therapy: The Role of Timely Treatment Initiation and the Drugs' Effectiveness
Ramón E. R. González, Pedro Hugo de Figueirêdo, Sergio Galvao Coutinho
SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Haddis Birhanu, Atsede Alle, Molla Yigzaw Birhanu
HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care.2021; Volume 13: 251. CrossRef
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Abdi Birhanu, Tariku Dingeta, Moti Tolera
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Medical Journal Armed Forces India.2020; 76(3): 284. CrossRef
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Journal of Global Health.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Rimke Bijker, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Sanjay Pujari, Ly P Sun, Oon T Ng, Man P Lee, Jun Y Choi, Kinh V Nguyen, Yu J Chan, Tuti P Merati, Do D Cuong, Jeremy Ross, Awachana Jiamsakul
Antiviral Therapy.2020; 25(3): 131. CrossRef
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Zaw Zaw Aung, Yu Mon Saw, Thu Nandar Saw, Nwe Oo, Hnin Nwe Ni Aye, Sithu Aung, Htun Nyunt Oo, Su Myat Cho, Moe Khaing, Tetsuyoshi Kariya, Eiko Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Hamajima
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2019; 80: 10. CrossRef

Food Security in Households of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study in a Subdivision of Darjeeling District, West Bengal: Pallabi Dasgupta, Sharmistha Bhattacherjee, Dilip Kumar Das; J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(4):240-248. Published online July 19, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.023

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) adversely impacts food security in households of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Little research has focused on food insecurity among PLWHA in India. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of and factors relating to food security in households of PLWHA in the Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.
Methods
A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among 173 PLWHA residing in Siliguri and registered at the Anti-retroviral Therapy Centre of North Bengal Medical College & Hospital. Data was collected at the household level with interviews of PLWHA using a food security survey instrument. We analyzed the associations using logistic regression.
Results
The prevalence of household food security among the participants was 50.9% (88/173). Five years or more of schooling, higher socioeconomic class and males were found to be significantly associated with a higher likelihood of food security. A later stage of the disease and the presence of other family members with HIV/AIDS were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of food security. The major coping strategies to deal with food insecurity in the acute phase HIV infection included borrowing money (56.1%), followed by spousal support, loans from microfinance institutions, banks, or money lenders, borrowing food, or selling agricultural products.
Conclusions
The present study revealed that only about half of households with PLWHA were food secure. Prior interventions relating to periods of food and economic crisis as well as strategies for sustaining food security and economic status are needed in this area.

Summary

Citations

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PLOS Global Public Health.2022; 2(9): e0000445. CrossRef
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