Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Volume 53(6); November 2020

COVID-19: Original Articles

Anticipating the Need for Healthcare Resources Following the Escalation of the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Yuliya Semenova, Lyudmila Pivina, Zaituna Khismetova, Ardak Auyezova, Ardak Nurbakyt, Almagul Kauysheva, Dinara Ospanova, Gulmira Kuziyeva, Altynshash Kushkarova, Alexandr Ivankov, Natalya Glushkova; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):387-396. Published online October 5, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.395

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Objectives
The lack of advance planning in a public health emergency can lead to wasted resources and inadvertent loss of lives. This study is aimed at forecasting the needs for healthcare resources following the expansion of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the Republic of Kazakhstan, focusing on hospital beds, equipment, and the professional workforce in light of the developing epidemiological situation and the data on resources currently available.
Methods
We constructed a forecast model of the epidemiological scenario via the classic susceptible-exposed-infected-removed (SEIR) approach. The World Health Organization’s COVID-19 Essential Supplies Forecasting Tool was used to evaluate the healthcare resources needed for the next 12 weeks.
Results
Over the forecast period, there will be 104 713.7 hospital admissions due to severe disease and 34 904.5 hospital admissions due to critical disease. This will require 47 247.7 beds for severe disease and 1929.9 beds for critical disease at the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak. There will also be high needs for all categories of healthcare workers and for both diagnostic and treatment equipment. Thus, Republic of Kazakhstan faces the need for a rapid increase in available healthcare resources and/or for finding ways to redistribute resources effectively.
Conclusions
Republic of Kazakhstan will be able to reduce the rates of infections and deaths among its population by developing and following a consistent strategy targeting COVID-19 in a number of inter-related directions.

Summary

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Yu-Yuan Wang, Wei-Wen Zhang, Ze-xi Lu, Jia-lin Sun, Ming-xia Jing
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Using simulation modelling and systems science to help contain COVID‐19: A systematic review
Weiwei Zhang, Shiyong Liu, Nathaniel Osgood, Hongli Zhu, Ying Qian, Peng Jia
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Assessing the medical resources in COVID-19 based on evolutionary game
Keyu Guo, Yikang Lu, Yini Geng, Jun Lu, Lei Shi, Alessandro Borri
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Restenosis of Coronary Arteries in Patients with Coronavirus Infection: Case Series
Gulnara Batenova, Lyudmila Pivina, Evgeny Dedov, Altay Dyussupov, Zhanar Zhumanbayeva, Yerbol Smail, Tatyana Belikhina, Laura Pak, Diana Ygiyeva, Bruno Megarbane
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Is It Possible to Predict COVID-19? Stochastic System Dynamic Model of Infection Spread in Kazakhstan
Berik Koichubekov, Aliya Takuadina, Ilya Korshukov, Anar Turmukhambetova, Marina Sorokina
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Factors Influencing Antibiotic Consumption in Adult Population of Kazakhstan
Nazym Iskakova, Zaituna Khismetova, Dana Suleymenova, Zhanat Kozhekenova, Zaituna Khamidullina, Umutzhan Samarova, Natalya Glushkova, Yuliya Semenova
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Study of seroprevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Kazakhstan
Mukhtar Kulimbet, Timur Saliev, Gulzhan Alimbekova, Dinara Ospanova, Kundyzay Tobzhanova, Dariga Tanabayeva, Baurzhan Zhussupov, Ildar Fakhradiyev
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The Epidemiological and Economic Impact of COVID-19 in Kazakhstan: An Agent-Based Modeling
Berik Koichubekov, Aliya Takuadina, Ilya Korshukov, Marina Sorokina, Anar Turmukhambetova
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Seropositivity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Population of Kazakhstan: A Nationwide Laboratory-Based Surveillance
Yuliya Semenova, Zhanna Kalmatayeva, Ainash Oshibayeva, Saltanat Mamyrbekova, Aynura Kudirbekova, Ardak Nurbakyt, Ardak Baizhaxynova, Paolo Colet, Natalya Glushkova, Alexandr Ivankov, Antonio Sarria-Santamera
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The lessons of COVID-19, SARS, and MERS: Implications for preventive strategies
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The Effectiveness of Community-based Social Distancing for Mitigating the Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey: Hasan Durmuş, Mehmet Enes Gökler, Selma Metintaş; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):397-404. Published online November 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.381

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effects of community-based social distancing interventions after the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case in Turkey on the course of the pandemic and to determine the number of prevented cases.
Methods
In this ecological study, the interventions implemented in response to the first COVID-19 cases in Turkey were evaluated and the effect of the interventions was demonstrated by calculating the effective reproduction number (Rt) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coro navirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) when people complied with community-based social distancing rules.
Results
Google mobility scores decreased by an average of 36.33±22.41 points (range, 2.60 to 84.80) and a median of 43.80 points (interquartile range [IQR], 24.90 to 50.25). The interventions caused the calculated Rt to decrease to 1.88 (95% confidence interval, 1.87 to 1.89). The median growth rate was 19.90% (IQR, 10.90 to 53.90). A positive correlation was found between Google mobility data and Rt (r=0.783; p<0.001). The expected number of cases if the growth rate had not changed was predicted according to Google mobility categories, and it was estimated to be 1 381 922 in total. Thus, community-based interventions were estimated to have prevented 1 299 593 people from being infected.
Conclusions
Community-based social distancing interventions significantly decreased the Rt of COVID-19 by reducing human mobility, and thereby prevented many people from becoming infected. Another important result of this study is that it shows health policy-makers that data on human mobility in the community obtained via mobile phones can be a guide for measures to be taken.

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COVID-19: Perspective

Interpretation of the Basic and Effective Reproduction Number: Jun-Sik Lim, Sung-Il Cho, Sukhyun Ryu, Son-Il Pak; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):405-408. Published online October 20, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.288

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Abstract PDF

In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number (R0) is a term that describes the expected number of infections generated by 1 case in a susceptible population. At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, R0 was frequently referenced by the public health community and the wider public. However, this metric is often misused or misinterpreted. Moreover, the complexity of the process of estimating R0 has caused difficulties for a substantial number of researchers. In this article, in order to increase the accessibility of this concept, we address several misconceptions related to the threshold characteristics of R0 and the effective reproduction number (Rt). Moreover, the appropriate interpretation of the metrics is discussed. R0 should be considered as a population-averaged value that pools the contact structure according to a stochastic transmission process. Furthermore, it is necessary to understand the unavoidable time lag for Rt due to the incubation period of the disease.

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Original Articles

Age-period-cohort Analysis of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Using the National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan: Tasuku Okui; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):409-418. Published online August 13, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.159

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study conducted an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis of trends in healthy lifestyle behaviors in Japan.
Methods
We used National Health and Nutrition Survey data on salt intake and prevalence of smoking, drinking, and physical activity between 1995 and 2018 in Japan. Age groups were defined from 20 years to 69 years old in 10-year increments. Cohorts were defined for each age group of each year with a 1-year shift, and cohorts born in 1926-1935 (first cohort) until 1989-1998 (last cohort) were examined. We conducted a Bayesian APC analysis, calculating estimated values for each behavior by age group, period, and cohort.
Results
Estimated salt intake decreased from cohorts born in the 1930s to the 1960s, but increased thereafter in both genders, and the magnitude of increase was larger for men. Estimated smoking prevalence increased in the cohorts starting from the 1930s for men and the 1940s for women, and then decreased starting in the cohorts born in the 1970s for both genders. Although estimated drinking prevalence decreased starting in the cohorts born in approximately 1960 for men, for women it increased until the cohorts born in approximately 1970. Estimated physical activity prevalence decreased starting in the cohorts born in the 1940s in both genders, but the magnitude of decrease was larger for women.
Conclusions
Trends in cohort effects differed by gender, which might be related to changes in the social environment for women. Improvements in dietary and exercise habits are required in more recently born cohorts of both genders.

Summary

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Old story, new twist: reducing salt and increasing potassium intake as a social issue according to the INTERMAP Japan
Junichi Yatabe, Kazuya Ishida, Midori Sasaki Yatabe
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Subtype prevalence and baseline visual acuity by age in Japanese patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Tomoko Sawada, Tsutomu Yasukawa, Hiroko Imaizumi, Hisashi Matsubara, Kazuhiro Kimura, Hiroto Terasaki, Hiroto Ishikawa, Tomoya Murakami, Masaru Takeuchi, Yoshinori Mitamura, Yutaro Mizusawa, Yoshihiro Takamura, Toshinori Murata, Jiro Kogo, Masahito Ohji
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology.2023; 67(2): 149. CrossRef
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Chien Huey Teh, Sanjay Rampal, Kuang Hock Lim, Omar Azahadi, Aris Tahir
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Comparison of Secular Trends in Esophageal Cancer Mortality in China and Japan during 1990–2019: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(16): 10302. CrossRef
Estimation of the Effect of Salt-Intake Reduction on Cardiovascular Mortality Decline between 1950 and 2017 in Japan: A Retrospective Simulation Study
Takehiro Sugiyama, Nayu Ikeda, Kazuko Minowa, Nobuo Nishi
Nutrients.2022; 14(18): 3747. CrossRef
An analysis of predictors for heavy alcohol drinking using nationally representative survey data in Japan
Tasuku Okui
BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Prevalence and Consultation Rate for Dyslipidemia in Japan
Tasuku Okui
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2021; 33(1): 46. CrossRef
An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Biomarkers of Lifestyle-Related Diseases Using the National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan, 1973–2018
Tasuku Okui
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(21): 8159. CrossRef
Socioeconomic Disparities in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Rates among Municipalities in Japan, 1999–2019
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Association Between Parental Marital Status and Types of Suicidal Behavior Among Korean Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study: Yoon Sik Park, Eun-Cheol Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):419-428. Published online September 21, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.004

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Adolescent suicide is a global problem. This study aimed to identify associations between parental marital status and suicidal behavior.
Methods
This study analyzed 118 715 middle and high school students from the 13th and 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The odds ratios (ORs) of suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts were calculated based on parental marital status, living situation, and socioeconomic factors. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.
Results
When compared to those living with 2 married biological parents, the ORs of suicidal ideation among adolescents living with either remarried or no parents were 1.34 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 1.53) and 1.36 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.66), respectively. For suicidal planning, the OR of those living with 1 remarried biological parent was 1.24 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.52), and that of those living without parents was 1.28 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.73), when compared to adolescents living with 2 married biological parents. For suicide attempts, when compared to adolescents with 2 married biological parents, the OR of those living with 1 remarried biological parent was 1.48 (95% CI, 1.17 to 1.87) and that of those living without parents was 2.02 (95% CI, 1.44 to 2.83). For adolescents living with 1 remarried biological parent, suicidal behavior was strongly associated with having no siblings and were weakly associated with not living with grandparents.
Conclusions
Suicidal behavior among adolescents was associated with the remarriage and loss of parents. Therefore, special attention and interventions are needed for adolescents in those situations.

Summary

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Family Functioning and Suicide Attempts in Mexican Adolescents
Francisco Alejandro Ortiz-Sánchez, Aniel Jessica Leticia Brambila-Tapia, Luis Shigeo Cárdenas-Fujita, Christian Gabriel Toledo-Lozano, María Alejandra Samudio-Cruz, Benjamín Gómez-Díaz, Silvia García, Martha Eunice Rodríguez-Arellano, Edgar Oswaldo Zamora
Behavioral Sciences.2023; 13(2): 120. CrossRef
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Titik Juwariah, Fendy Suhariadi, Oedojo Soedirham, Agus Priyanto, Erni Setiyorini, Auliasari Siskaningrum, Heni Adhianata, Angelina da Costa Fernandes
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Public Sector Workers’ Mental Health in Argentina: Comparative Psychometrics of the Perceived Stress Scale: Agustín Ramiro Miranda, Ana Veronica Scotta, Ana Lucía Méndez, Silvana Valeria Serra, Elio Andrés Soria; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):429-438. Published online October 5, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.229

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Given that Argentinian public-sector workers are highly exposed to stressful conditions, and that the psychometric properties of the widely used Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) should be evaluated in different settings, this work aimed to compare the psychometric properties of the Latin American Spanish PSS-10 and PSS-4 and to identify the optimal scale for stress assessment.
Methods
A sample of 535 participants was randomly divided into 2 groups to evaluate dimensionality by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability of both scales was also evaluated. Convergent validity was estimated using the Executive Complaints Questionnaire, the average variance extracted, and the composite reliability. Discriminant validity was based on the correlation with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the phi-square correlation between the components.
Results
The factor analyses supported bidimensionality of the PSS-10 (stress and coping), which showed a better fit than the PSS-4. Moreover, the reliability of the PSS-10 was higher, whereas the PSS-4 did not achieve adequate values of internal consistency. The PSS-10 was also correlated significantly with all validation scales, and presented proper internal convergent and divergent validity.
Conclusions
The PSS-10 is a reliable and structurally valid instrument to measure perceived stress and coping in a Latin American Spanish-speaking population with high work demands, and the findings of this study expand our knowledge on the geographical and sociocultural applicability of the PSS.

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Fiona Hore-Lacy, StellaMay Gwini, Deborah C. Glass, Christina Dimitriadis, Javier Jimenez-Martin, Ryan F. Hoy, Malcolm R. Sim, Karen Walker-Bone, Jane Fisher
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Insomnia is associated with worry, cognitive avoidance and low academic engagement in Argentinian university students during the COVID-19 social isolation
Ana Veronica Scotta, Mariela Valentina Cortez, Agustín Ramiro Miranda
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COVID-19-related stress in postpartum women from Argentina during the second wave in 2021: Identification of impairing and protective factors
Agustín R. Miranda, Mariela V. Cortez, Ana V. Scotta, Elio A. Soria
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Triggering of postpartum depression and insomnia with cognitive impairment in Argentinian women during the pandemic COVID-19 social isolation in relation to reproductive and health factors
Agustín Ramiro Miranda, Ana Veronica Scotta, Mariela Valentina Cortez, Elio Andrés Soria
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Effects of Income Level on the Association Between Hypertension and Depression: 2010-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: San Kang, Hyeon Chang Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):439-446. Published online October 8, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.337

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
This study analyzed the associations of hypertension (HTN) with symptoms and diagnosis of depression by income level among Korean adults.
Methods
This study was based on the 2010-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data; a total of 29 425 adults (aged 20 years or older) were analyzed. HTN was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or use of hypertensive medications. Depression symptoms were evaluated based on a questionnaire about depression-related symptoms. A depression diagnosis was defined based on questionnaire responses indicating that a participant had been diagnosed with depression. Household income was divided into higher or lower income ranges based on the median income of the participants. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between HTN and depression symptoms/diagnosis in the higher-income and lower-income groups.
Results
In the higher-income group, the odds ratio (OR) for the association between HTN and depression symptoms was 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97 to 1.37), and the OR for the association between HTN and depression diagnosis was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.13 to 1.76). In the lower-income group, the OR for the association between HTN and depression symptoms was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.34), whereas the OR for the association between HTN and depression diagnosis was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.97).
Conclusions
The associations of HTN with symptoms and diagnosis of depression differed by income level.

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Juyeon Lee, Ju-Young Kang, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sue-Kyung Park
Nutrients.2021; 13(12): 4366. CrossRef

The Relationships Among Occupational Safety Climate, Patient Safety Climate, and Safety Performance Based on Structural Equation Modeling: Hamed Aghaei, Zahra Sadat Asadi, Mostafa Mirzaei Aliabadi, Hassan Ahmadinia; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):447-454. Published online October 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.350

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships among hospital safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety outcomes among nurses.
Methods
In the current cross-sectional study, the occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety performance of nurses were measured using several questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the relationships among occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety performance.
Results
A total of 211 nurses participated in this study. Over half of them were female (57.0%). The age of the participants tended to be between 20 years and 30 years old (55.5%), and slightly more than half had less than 5 years of work experience (51.5%). The maximum and minimum scores of occupational safety climate dimensions were found for reporting of errors and cumulative fatigue, respectively. Among the dimensions of patient safety climate, non-punitive response to errors had the highest mean score, and manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety had the lowest mean score. The correlation coefficient for the relationship between occupational safety climate and patient safety climate was 0.63 (p<0.05). Occupational safety climate and patient safety climate also showed significant correlations with safety performance.
Conclusions
Close correlations were found among occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and nurses’ safety performance. Therefore, improving both the occupational and patient safety climate can improve nurses’ safety performance, consequently decreasing occupational and patient-related adverse outcomes in healthcare units.

Summary

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How safety accountability impacts the safety performance of safety managers: A moderated mediating model
Yongzhong Sha, Yongbao Zhang, Yan Zhang
Journal of Safety Research.2024; 89: 160. CrossRef
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Francisca Arboh, Baozhen Dai, Prince Ewudzie Quansah, Stephen Addai-Dansoh, Samuel Atingabilli, Esther Agyeiwaa Owusu, Ebenezer Larnyo, Baaba Boadziwa Sackey
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics.2024; : 1. CrossRef
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Mohsen Mahdinia, Iraj Mohammadfam, Ahmad Soltanzadeh, Mostafa Mirzaei Aliabadi, Hamed Aghaei
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Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2023; 19(2): 175. CrossRef
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Sofia Guerra-Paiva, Maria João Lobão, Diogo Godinho Simões, Joana Fernandes, Helena Donato, Irene Carrillo, José Joaquín Mira, Paulo Sousa
BMJ Open.2023; 13(12): e078118. CrossRef
The influencing factors of clinical nurses’ problem solving dilemma: a qualitative study
Yu Mei Li, Yi Fan Luo
International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors affecting nurses' attitudes towards risks in the work environment: A cross‐sectional study
Sibel Gülen, Ülkü Baykal, Nilgün Göktepe
Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(7): 3264. CrossRef
Survey of the health, safety and environment climate and its effects on occupational accidents
Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi, Gholamheidar Teimori-Boghsani, Davood Rahmani, Leila Ibrahimi Ghavamabadi, Sajad Zare
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Effects of the Out-of-pocket Payment Exemption in the Public Health Center on Medical Utilization of the Korean Elderly: Kiryong Nam, Eunhye Park, Yuhjin Chung, Chang-yup Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):455-464. Published online October 20, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.341

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The distribution of hospitals in Korea is unbalanced in terms of accessibility. Many local public health centers (PHCs) exempt out-of-pocket payments (OOPs) based on local government laws to increase coverage. However, this varies across administrative regions, as many make this exemption for the elderly, while others do not. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the OOP exemption at local PHCs among elderly individuals.
Methods
This study used online data on Korean national law to gather information on individual local governments’ regulations regarding OOP exemptions. Individual-level data were gathered from the 2018 Community Health Survey and regional-level data from public online sources.
Results
The study analyzed 132 regions and 44 918 elderly people. A statistical analysis of rate differences and 2-level multiple logistic regression were carried out. The rate difference according to whether elderly individuals resided in areas with the OOP exemption was 1.97%p (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 2.88) for PHC utilization, 1.37%p (95% CI, 0.67 to 2.08) for hypertension treatment, and 2.19%p (95% CI, 0.63 to 3.74) for diabetes treatment. The regression analysis showed that OOP exemption had an effect on hypertension treatment, with a fixed-effect odds ratio of 1.25 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.48).
Conclusions
The OOP exemption at PHCs can affect medical utilization in Korea, especially for hypertension treatment. The OOP exemption should be expanded to improve healthcare utilization in Korea.

Summary

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Access of older people to primary health care in low and middle-income countries: A systematic scoping review
Saydeh Dableh, Kate Frazer, Diarmuid Stokes, Thilo Kroll, Dirceu Henrique Paulo Mabunda
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(4): e0298973. CrossRef

Birth Patterns and Delayed Breastfeeding Initiation in Indonesia: Tika Dwi Tama, Erni Astutik, Septa Katmawanti, Jauhari Oka Reuwpassa; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):465-475. Published online October 26, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.212

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study was conducted to examine the association between birth patterns (defined in terms of birth order and interval) with delayed breastfeeding initiation in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey 2017. The weighted number of respondents was 5693 women aged 15-49 years whose youngest living child was less than 2 years old. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to evaluate associations between birth patterns and delayed breastfeeding initiation after adjusting for other covariates. Results: This study found that 40.2% of newborns in Indonesia did not receive timely breastfeeding initiation. Birth patterns were significantly associated with delayed breastfeeding initiation. Firstborn children had 77% higher odds of experiencing delayed breastfeeding initiation (adjusted odds ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 3.04; p<0.05) than children with a birth order of 4 or higher and a birth interval ≤ 2 years after adjusting for other variables. Conclusions: Firstborn children had higher odds of experiencing delayed breastfeeding initiation. Steps to provide a robust support system for mothers, especially first-time mothers, such as sufficient access to breastfeeding information, support from family and healthcare providers, and national policy enforcement, will be effective strategies to ensure better practices regarding breastfeeding initiation.

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Modeling spatial determinants of initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: A geographically weighted regression analysis
Samuel Hailegebreal, Yosef Haile, Binyam Tariku Seboka, Ermias Bekele Enyew, Tamiru Shibiru, Zeleke Abebaw Mekonnen, Shegaw Anagaw Mengiste, James Mockridge
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(9): e0273793. CrossRef
The Intervention of Maternal Nutrition Literacy Has the Potential to Prevent Childhood Stunting: Randomized Control Trials
Sirajuddin, Saifuddin Sirajuddin, Amran Razak, Ansariadi, Ridwan M Thaha, Toto Sudargo
Journal of Public Health Research.2021; 10(2): jphr.2021.2235. CrossRef

Association Between Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and the Risk of Lung Cancer Among Patients With Hypertension From the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort: Sungji Moon, Hae-Young Lee, Jieun Jang, Sue K. Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):476-486. Published online November 3, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.405

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
The objective of this study was to estimate the risk of lung cancer in relation to angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) use among patients with hypertension from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with hypertension who started to take antihypertensive medications and had a treatment period of at least 6 months. We calculated the weighted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of lung cancer associated with ARB use compared with calcium channel blocker (CCB) use using inverse probability treatment weighting. Results: Among a total of 60 469 subjects with a median follow-up time of 7.8 years, 476 cases of lung cancer were identified. ARB use had a protective effect on lung cancer compared with CCB use (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.96). Consistent findings were found in analyses considering patients who changed or discontinued their medication (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.77), as well as for women (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.93), patients without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.00), never-smokers (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.99), and non-drinkers (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.97). In analyses with different comparison antihypertensive medications, the overall protective effects of ARBs on lung cancer risk remained consistent. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that ARBs could decrease the risk of lung cancer. More evidence is needed to establish the causal effect of ARBs on the incidence of lung cancer.

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Ayako Maeda-Minami, Masayuki Takagi, Yasunari Mano, Hideki Ishikawa, Yutaka Matsuyama, Michihiro Mutoh
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Brief Report

Reproductive Health Services for Adolescents With Hearing Impairment in Indonesia: Expectations and Reality: Ni Luh Putu Suariyani, Desak Putu Yuli Kurniati, Desak Nyoman Widyanthini, Luh Putu Wulandari Artha; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(6):487-491. Published online October 20, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.033

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Abstract PDF: Objectives
Reproductive health education is essential for adolescents with hearing impairment. Since they communicate using specialized language (i.e., sign language), specialized reproductive health services in sign language is a necessity. This study aimed to describe the needs, availability, and expectations of reproductive health services among adolescents with hearing impairment. Methods: This study used a qualitative approach. It was carried out at a school for children with special needs in the city of Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Data were collected by in-depth interviews. The informants were 6 adolescents with hearing impairment aged 16-17 years and 4 other key informants, including school staff and health officers. The data were then analyzed using the thematic method. Results: We found that the informants had insufficient knowledge regarding reproductive health. There was no specific subject in the curriculum regarding this issue. Teachers did not specifically provide reproductive health information. The health service unit in the school had not been utilized well for this purpose. Furthermore, no reproductive health services were provided due to the limited number of healthcare workers who could use sign language. Conclusions: The awareness and intentions of adolescents with hearing impairment regarding access to reproductive health services remain low. Health service units at schools should be optimized to enable schools to provide reproductive health information and services for these adolescents.; Summary

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