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- National Trends in Smoking Cessation Medication Prescriptions for Smokers With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the United States, 2007-2012
- Min Ji Kwak, Jongoh Kim, Viraj Bhise, Tong Han Chung, Gabriela Sanchez Petitto
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(5):257-262. Published online August 23, 2018
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.119
- 5,239 View
- 151 Download
- 7 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF - Objectives
Smoking cessation decreases morbidity and mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation is highly effective. However, the optimal prescription rate of smoking cessation medications among smokers with COPD has not been systemically studied. The purpose of this study was to estimate the national prescription rates of smoking cessation medications among smokers with COPD and to examine any disparities therein.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study using National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data from 2007 to 2012. We estimated the national prescription rate for any smoking cessation medication (varenicline, bupropion, and nicotine replacement therapy) each year. Multiple survey logistic regression was performed to characterize the effects of demographic variables and comorbidities on prescriptions.
Results
The average prescription rate of any smoking cessation medication over 5 years was 3.64%. The prescription rate declined each year, except for a slight increase in 2012: 9.91% in 2007, 4.47% in 2008, 2.42% in 2009, 1.88% in 2010, 1.46% in 2011, and 3.67% in 2012. Hispanic race and depression were associated with higher prescription rates (odds ratio [OR], 5.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59 to 16.67 and OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.26 to 5.51, respectively). There were no significant differences according to insurance, location of the physician, or other comorbidities. The high OR among Hispanic population and those with depression was driven by the high prescription rate of bupropion.
Conclusions
The prescription rate of smoking cessation medications among smokers with COPD remained low throughout the study period. Further studies are necessary to identify barriers and to develop strategies to overcome them. -
Summary
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Cigarette Smoking and Psychiatric Illness Among Individuals with COPD: a Systematic Review
Jacob Levin, David Estey, Ester Yadgaran, Esther Perez, Isabella Plotnick, Jennifer Gittleman, Joseph Friedman, Silvana Agterberg, Sylvie Messer, Tyler Pia, Jennifer Birchwale, Joun Lee, Lisa N. Cruz, Natacha A. Gordon, Rachel S. Kashan, Jung-Yun Min, Kat
Current Addiction Reports.2024; 11(1): 19. CrossRef - Challenges and perspectives of tobacco cessation in special groups of patients and populations
Stamatoula Tsikrika, Siyu Dai, Asli Dilektasli, Paraskevi Katsaounou, Elif Dagli
Breathe.2023; 19(2): 220224. CrossRef - Influence of ethnicity on adherence to nonsurgical interventions for COPD: a scoping review
Sarah Alamer, Anna Robinson-Barella, Hamde Nazar, Andy Husband
ERJ Open Research.2023; 9(6): 00421-2023. CrossRef - How the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey has been used to identify health disparities in the care of patients in the United States
Amanda S. Weissman, Varun Ranpariya, Alan B. Fleischer, Steven R. Feldman
Journal of the National Medical Association.2021; 113(5): 504. CrossRef - Polypharmacy among Older Individuals with COPD: Trends between 2000 and 2015 in Quebec, Canada
Caroline Sirois, Amina Ouali, Marc Simard
COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2019; 16(3-4): 234. CrossRef - Tobacco Screening and Treatment of Patients With a Psychiatric Diagnosis, 2012–2015
Erin S. Rogers, Christina N. Wysota
American Journal of Preventive Medicine.2019; 57(5): 687. CrossRef - Secular trends in smoking in relation to prevalent and
incident smoking-related disease: A prospective population-based
study
Philip Tonnesen, Jacob Marott, Børge Nordestgaard, S. Bojesen, Peter Lange
Tobacco Induced Diseases.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Special Article- Scientific Evidence for the Addictiveness of Tobacco and Smoking Cessation in Tobacco Litigation
- Sungwon Roh
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(1):1-5. Published online November 29, 2017
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.088
- 7,129 View
- 278 Download
- 5 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF
- Smokers keep smoking despite knowing that tobacco claims many lives, including their own and others’. What makes it hard for them to quit smoking nonetheless? Tobacco companies insist that smokers choose to smoke, according to their right to self-determination. Moreover, they insist that with motivation and willpower to quit smoking, smokers can easily stop smoking. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to discuss the addictive disease called tobacco use disorder, with an assessment of the addictiveness of tobacco and the reasons why smoking cessation is challenging, based on neuroscientific research. Nicotine that enters the body via smoking is rapidly transmitted to the central nervous system and causes various effects, including an arousal response. The changes in the nicotine receptors in the brain due to continuous smoking lead to addiction symptoms such as tolerance, craving, and withdrawal. Compared with other addictive substances, including alcohol and opioids, tobacco is more likely to cause dependence in smokers, and smokers are less likely to recover from their dependence. Moreover, the thinning of the cerebral cortex and the decrease in cognitive functions that occur with aging accelerate with smoking. Such changes occur in the structure and functions of the brain in proportion to the amount and period of smoking. In particular, abnormalities in the neural circuits that control cognition and decision-making cause loss of the ability to exert self-control and autonomy. This initiates nicotine dependence and the continuation of addictive behaviors. Therefore, smoking is considered to be a behavior that is repeated due to dependence on an addictive substance, nicotine, instead of one’s choice by free will.
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Summary
Citations
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Johannes Hebebrand, Ashley N Gearhardt
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2021; 113(2): 268. CrossRef - Knowledge and Perception about Health Risks Associated with Tobacco Habit — A Survey
Casilda Sushanthi L, Archana Santhanam, Herald J. Sherlin, Gifrina Jayaraj, Kanchi Ravi Don
European Journal of General Dentistry.2020; 9(03): 163. CrossRef - Trajectory of Smoking and Incidence of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease among Korean Young Adult Men
Yongho Jee, Jooeun Jeon, Joung Hwan Back, Mikyung Ryu, Sung-il Cho
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(12): 2219. CrossRef
Original Article- Airborne Nicotine Concentrations in the Workplaces of Tobacco Farmers
- Seok-Ju Yoo, Sung-Jun Park, Byoung-Seok Kim, Kwan Lee, Hyun-Sul Lim, Jik-Su Kim, In-Shik Kim
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2014;47(3):144-149. Published online May 30, 2014
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.3.144
- 9,304 View
- 119 Download
- 13 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF
Objectives Nicotine is a natural alkaloid and insecticide in tobacco leaves. Green tobacco sickness (GTS) is known as a disease of acute nicotine intoxication among tobacco farmers. Until now, GTS has been recognized globally as a disease that results from nicotine absorption through the skin. However, we assumed that GTS might also result from nicotine inhalation as well as absorption. We aimed to measure the airborne nicotine concentrations in various work environments of Korean tobacco farmers.
Methods We measured the nicotine concentrations in the tobacco fields, private curing barns, and joint curing barns of farmers from July to October 2010. All sampling and analyses of airborne nicotine were conducted according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health manual of analytic methods.
Results The airborne nicotine concentrations (geometric mean [geometric standard deviation]) in the tobacco field were 83.4 mg/m3 (1.2) in the upper region and 93.3 mg/m3 (1.2) in the lower region. In addition, the nicotine concentration by personal sampling was 150.1 mg/m3. Similarly, the nicotine concentrations in the private curing barn, workers in curing barns, the front yard of the curing barn, and in the joint curing barn were 323.7 mg/m3 (2.0), 121.0 mg/m3 (1.5), 73.7 mg/m3 (1.7), and 610.3 mg/m3 (1.0), respectively.
Conclusions The nicotine concentration in the workplaces of tobacco farmers was very high. Future studies should measure the environmental concentration of nicotine that is inhaled by tobacco farmers.
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Summary
Citations
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Drug and Alcohol Dependence.2024; 258: 111271. CrossRef - Obstructive Lung Disease Linked to Occupational Exposures in Malawian Tobacco Farmers
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Sensors.2019; 19(8): 1778. CrossRef - Socio-environmental risks associated with the green tobacco sickness in farmers: a case-control study
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Special Article- Public Health Challenges of Electronic Cigarettes in South Korea
- Sungkyu Lee, Heejin Kimm, Ji Eun Yun, Sun Ha Jee
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(6):235-241. Published online November 14, 2011
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.6.235
- 44,757 View
- 175 Download
- 43 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarrettes) were recently introduced and advertised as a smoking cession device in South Korea. As the social norm to quit smoking has gained hold in the country, the number of e-cigarette users is growing rapidly. This phenomenon should be urgently considered, because of the lack of research that has been conducted to examine the safety of e-cigarettes and its efficacy as a smoking cessation aid.
This paper raises several public health concerns on e-cigarettes in South Korea. Uncertain regulations of the government on e-cigarettes are contributing to an increase of e-cigarette users and allowing the e-cigarette industry to circumvent existing regulations. The aggressive marketing activity of this industry is also a core factor that is responsible for the rapid increase of e-cigarette use, in particular among the youth. Following the enforcement of tobacco control, some cigarette smokers may be encouraged to purchase e-cigarettes in order to circumvent the regulations, even though the dual use of e-cigarette and cigarette may be more harmful.
Until there is clear evidence of the e-cigarette's safety, it is recommended that the industry's marketing and promotional activities be banned and closely monitored, and public campaigns be initiated to educate the public regarding e-cigarettes.
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Summary
Citations
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Original Article- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Green Tobacco Sickness among Korean Tobacco Harvesters.
- Hyun Sul Lim, Kwan Lee, Si Hyun Nam
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2004;37(1):37-43.
- 2,233 View
- 86 Download
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVE
This study was carried out to understand the prevalence and risk factors of green tobacco sickness (GTS) among Korean tobacco harvesters. METHODS: The authors conducted a questionnaire among the tobacco harvesters (1, 064 persons from 555 out of 723 tobacco harvesting households) in Cheongsong-gun for 4 days from May 7 to 10, 2002. RESULTS: The study subjects were 550 males and 514 females. The recognition and experience of GTS up until 2001 were 96.4% and 61.9%, respectively. The prevalence of GTS in 2001 was 42.5%, and was significantly higher in females than in males (59.0% vs. 26.6%, p< 0.01). The incidence density of GTS according to the number of workdays in 2001 was 12.3 spells/100 person' days. The GTS symptoms reported by the tobacco harvesters in 2001 were dizziness in 441 cases (97.6%), nausea in 414 (91.6%), headache in 349 (77.2%) and vomiting in 343 (75.9%). The use of gloves, hat and wristlets, sweating at work and the number of working hours significantly increased the prevalence of GTS (p< 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors significantly associated with GTS. Odds ratios for smoking, working over 10 hours and sweating at work were 0.26 (95% CI: 0.19-0.35), 1.64 (95% CI: 1.26-2.14) and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.14-2.25), respectively. Of those who reported GTS in 2001, 311 cases (68.8%) underwent treatment from their local medical facilities. CONCLUSION: In Korea, there are many tobaccoharvesting households, and most may be stricken with GTS. More extensive epidemiological studies, including heincidence and associated risk factors, are expected and a surveillance system including measurements of cotinine in urine should be conducted. -
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