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Special Article
Examining the Role of Psychosocial Stressors in Hypertension
Komal Marwaha
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(6):499-505.   Published online November 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.266
  • 3,979 View
  • 224 Download
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Despite advances in medicine and preventive strategies, fewer than 1 in 5 people with hypertension have the problem under control. This could partly be due to gaps in fully elucidating the etiology of hypertension. Genetics and conventional lifestyle risk factors, such as the lack of exercise, unhealthy diet, excess salt intake, and alcohol consumption, do not fully explain the pathogenesis of hypertension. Thus, it is necessary to revisit other suggested risk factors that have not been paid due attention. One such factor is psychosocial stress. This paper explores the evidence for the association of psychosocial stressors with hypertension and shows that robust evidence supports the role of a chronic stressful environment at work or in marriage, low socioeconomic status, lack of social support, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, childhood psychological trauma, and racial discrimination in the development or progression of hypertension. Furthermore, the potential pathophysiological mechanisms that link psychosocial stress to hypertension are explained to address the ambiguity in this area and set the stage for further research.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Health-related factors and dysregulation of epigenetic related genes in metabolic syndrome trigger finger patients and smoker trigger finger patients: preliminary analysis of patient-derived sample
    Abdulaziz M. F. Shayea, Amna A. Alshatti, Danah H. Alfadhli, Almutairi Fatimah Ibrahim, Mariam Kh. Almutairi, Mohammed Sh. Nadar
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adjustment disorders, hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a cardiologist’s view (literature review)
    D.K. Miloslavsky, S.M. Koval
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine).2023; 19(5): 383.     CrossRef
  • Letter to the Editor: Insights on Health, Religion/Spirituality, and Vulnerable Populations
    Fides A. del Castillo
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(1): 97.     CrossRef
  • Moderating effect of mindfulness on the relationship between anxiety and somatization symptoms in middle‐aged and elderly female patients with hypertension
    Haifei Shen, Ri Zhang, XiuJie Zhang, Ying Zhang, Yan Liu, Wei Song, Yunpeng Cheng, Minghui Yang, Yinong Jiang, Yan Lu
    The Journal of Clinical Hypertension.2023; 25(7): 647.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the health of child protection workers: A call to action
    Javier F. Boyas, Debra Moore, Maritza Y. Duran, Jacqueline Fuentes, Jana Woodiwiss, Leah McCoy, Antonella Cirino
    Health Promotion Perspectives.2022; 12(4): 381.     CrossRef
Original Article
Effects of Marital Status and Income on Hypertension: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)
Mia Son, Yeon Jeong Heo, Hye-Jin Hyun, Ho Jong Kwak
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(6):506-519.   Published online October 7, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.264
  • 5,475 View
  • 200 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Objectives
This study aimed to analyze the associations of income, marital status, and health behaviors with hypertension in male and female over 40 years of age in the Korea.
Methods
The data were derived from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES; 4851-302) which included 211 576 participants. To analyze the relationships of income, marital status, and health behaviors with hypertension in male and female over 40 years of age, multiple logistic regression was conducted with adjustments for these variables.
Results
The prevalence of hypertension increased linearly as income decreased. The odds ratio for developing hypertension in people with an income of <0.5 million Korean won (KRW) compared to ≥6.0 million KRW was 1.55 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 1.93) in the total population, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.27 to 1.98) in male, and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.35 to 3.28) in female. The combined effect of income level and marital status on hypertension was significant. According to income level and marital status, in male, low income and divorce were most associated with hypertension (1.76 times; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.08). However, in female, the low-income, married group was most associated with hypertension (1.83 times; 95% CI, 1.71 to 1.97).
Conclusions
The results of this study show that it is necessary to approach male and female marital status separately according to income in health policies to address inequalities in the prevalence of hypertension.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 한국의 40세 이상 성인 남녀를 대상으로 소득수준, 결혼, 건강행태요인이 고혈압에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이 연구는 한국인유전체역학조사사업조사(KoGES; 4851-302, 2001-2011)에서 구축한 211576명을 대상으로 다중 로지스틱회귀모델을 이용하여 분석했다. 소득이 고혈압에 미치는 영향은 역의 선형으로 소득이 적을수록 고혈압이 증가하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 소득수준과 혼인상태, 고혈압과의 연관성은 여성보다 남성이 더 강하게 나타났다. 소득수준과 혼인상태가 상호작용하여 고혈압에 미치는 영향에서, 저소득층에서 별거 상태가 고혈압에 미치는 전반적인 영향이 가장 강하게 나타났으며, 남성의 경우 이혼 상태, 여성의 경우 결혼을 유지하고 있는 상태가 고혈압과 가장 강하게 연관되어, 남녀사이에 차이가 존재함을 보여주었다. 이 연구는 소득, 결혼이 고혈압에 중요하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나, 고혈압예방대책에 저소득과 별거 이혼등의 결혼상태를 고려하는것이 필요하다는 것을 제안한다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Shapely additive values can effectively visualize pertinent covariates in machine learning when predicting hypertension
    Alexander A. Huang, Samuel Y. Huang
    The Journal of Clinical Hypertension.2023; 25(12): 1135.     CrossRef
Systematic Review
Vitamin D Deficiency and Comorbidities as Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Pinki Mishra, Rizwana Parveen, Ram Bajpai, Nidhi Agarwal
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(4):321-333.   Published online June 13, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.640
  • 4,260 View
  • 185 Download
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
Extensive evidence links low vitamin D status and comorbidities with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, but the results of published studies are contradictory. Therefore, we investigated the association of lower levels of vitamin D and comorbidities with the risk of COVID-19 infection.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov for articles published until August 20, 2021. Sixteen eligible studies were identified (386 631 patients, of whom 181 114 were male). We included observational cohort and case-control studies that evaluated serum levels of vitamin D in COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
Results
Significantly lower vitamin D levels were found in COVID-19-positive patients (MD, -1.70; 95% CI, -2.74 to -0.66; p=0.001), but with variation by study design (case-control: -4.04; 95% CI, -5.98 to -2.10; p<0.001; cohort: -0.39; 95% CI, -1.62 to 0.84; p=0.538). This relationship was more prominent in female patients (MD, -2.18; 95% CI, -4.08 to -0.28; p=0.024) than in male patients (MD, -1.74; 95% CI, -3.79 to 0.31; p=0.096). Male patients showed higher odds of having low vitamin D levels (odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95% CI, 1.38 to 3.17; p<0.001) than female patients (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.86; p=0.477). Comorbidities showed inconsistent, but generally non-significant, associations with COVID-19 infection.
Conclusions
Low serum vitamin-D levels were significantly associated with the risk of COVID-19 infection. This relationship was stronger in female than in male COVID-19 patients. Limited evidence was found for the relationships between comorbidities and COVID-19 infection, warranting large population-based studies to clarify these associations.
Summary

Citations

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  • Effects of vitamin D on the incidence and severity of COVID-19
    V. V. Krivosheev, L. Yu. Nikitina, I. V. Kozlovskiy, A. V. Fedorov
    Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Doctor).2024; (1): 27.     CrossRef
  • Ukrainian Consensus on Diagnosis and Management of Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults
    Nataliia Grygorieva, Mykola Tronko, Volodymir Kovalenko, Serhiy Komisarenko, Tetiana Tatarchuk, Ninel Dedukh, Mykola Veliky, Serhiy Strafun, Yulia Komisarenko, Andrii Kalashnikov, Valeria Orlenko, Volodymyr Pankiv, Oleg Shvets, Inna Gogunska, Svitlana Reg
    Nutrients.2024; 16(2): 270.     CrossRef
  • Methodological issues in designing and reporting of systematic reviews in assessing association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 severity
    R Bajpai
    QJM: An International Journal of Medicine.2023; 116(5): 406.     CrossRef
  • Mechanistic Insight into the role of Vitamin D and Zinc in Modulating Immunity Against COVID-19: A View from an Immunological Standpoint
    Nuzhat Ahsan, Mohammad Imran, Yousuf Mohammed, Fatme Al Anouti, Mohammad Idreesh Khan, Tanushree Banerjee, Mohd Adnan, Fauzia Ashfaq, Marek Kieliszek, Syed Amir Ashraf, Afrozul Haq
    Biological Trace Element Research.2023; 201(12): 5546.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Diet and Specific Nutrients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned over the Last Three Years?
    Petra Rust, Cem Ekmekcioglu
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(7): 5400.     CrossRef
  • Self-Reported Pre-Pandemic Physical Activity and Likelihood of COVID-19 Infection: Data from the First Wave of the CoCo-Fakt Survey
    Nikola Schmidt, Andreas Gehlhar, Barbara Grüne, Annelene Kossow, Thomas Kraus, Johannes Nießen, Stefanie Wessely, Christine Joisten
    Sports Medicine - Open.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in adults: Ukrainian experts consensus statement
    N.V. Grygorieva, M.D. Tronko, V.M. Kovalenko, S.V. Komisarenko, T.F. Tatarchuk, N.V. Dedukh, M.M. Veliky, S.S. Strafun, Y.I. Komisarenko, A.V. Kalashnikov, V.L. Orlenko, V.I. Pankiv, O.V. Shvets, I.V. Gogunska, S.I. Regeda
    PAIN, JOINTS, SPINE.2023; 13(2): 60.     CrossRef
  • Vitamin D Deficiency and COVID-19: A Biological Database Study on Pathways and Gene-Disease Associations
    Ángela Alcalá-Santiago, Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco, Marta Rava, María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa, Ángel Gil, María José Sánchez, Esther Molina-Montes
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(22): 14256.     CrossRef
Original Articles
Modeling Survival in Patients With Brain Stroke in the Presence of Competing Risks
Solmaz Norouzi, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi, Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran, Farshid Farzipoor, Ramazan Fallah
J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(1):55-62.   Published online December 7, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.463
  • 3,167 View
  • 123 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
After heart disease, brain stroke (BS) is the second most common cause of death worldwide, underscoring the importance of understanding preventable and treatable risk factors for the outcomes of BS. This study aimed to model the survival of patients with BS in the presence of competing risks.
Methods
This longitudinal study was conducted on 332 patients with a definitive diagnosis of BS. Demographic characteristics and risk factors were collected by a validated checklist. Patients’ mortality status was investigated by telephone follow-up to identify deaths that may be have been caused by stroke or other factors (heart disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, etc.). Data were analyzed by the Lunn-McNeil approach at alpha=0.1.
Results
Older age at diagnosis (59-68 years: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.19; 90% confidence interval [CI], 1.38 to 3.48; 69-75 years: aHR, 5.04; 90% CI, 3.25 to 7.80; ≥76 years: aHR, 5.30; 90% CI, 3.40 to 8.44), having heart disease (aHR, 1.65; 90% CI, 1.23 to 2.23), oral contraceptive pill use (women only) (aHR, 0.44; 90% CI, 0.24 to 0.78) and ischemic stroke (aHR, 0.52; 90% CI, 0.36 to 0.74) were directly related to death from BS. Older age at diagnosis (59-68 years: aHR, 21.42; 90% CI, 3.52 to 130.39; 75-69 years: aHR, 16.48; 90% CI, 2.75 to 98.69; ≥76 years: aHR, 26.03; 90% CI, 4.06 to 166.93) and rural residence (aHR, 2.30; 90% CI, 1.15 to 4.60) were directly related to death from other causes. Significant risk factors were found for both causes of death.
Conclusions
BS-specific and non-BS-specific mortality had different risk factors. These findings could be utilized to prescribe optimal and specific treatment.
Summary
Educational Intervention Based on the Health Belief Model to Modify Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Police Officers in Iran: A Quasi-experimental Study
Mohsen Saffari, Hormoz Sanaeinasab, Hassan Jafarzadeh, Mojtaba Sepandi, Keisha-Gaye N. O'Garo, Harold G. Koenig, Amir H. Pakpour
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(4):275-284.   Published online June 18, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.095
  • 6,962 View
  • 353 Download
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
Police officers may be at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population due to their highstress occupation. This study evaluated how an educational program based on the health belief model (HBM) may protect police officers from developing CVD.
Methods
In this single-group experimental study, 58 police officers in Iran participated in a 5-week intervention based on HBM principles. Outcomes included changes in scores on an HBM scale, time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), body mass index (BMI), blood lipid profile, blood glucose, and blood pressure. The intervention consisted of 5 HBM-based educational sessions. Follow-up was conducted at 3 months post-intervention. The paired t-test was used to examine differences between baseline and follow-up scores.
Results
All aspects of the HBM scale improved between baseline and follow-up (p<0.05), except the cues to action subscale. Self-efficacy and preventive behaviors improved the most. BMI decreased from 26.7±2.9 kg/m2 at baseline to 25.8±2.4 kg/m2 at follow-up. All components of the lipid profile, including triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein, showed significant improvements post-intervention. Blood glucose and blood pressure also decreased, but not significantly. Nearly 25% of participants who were not physically active at baseline increased their physical activity above or beyond the healthy threshold.
Conclusions
A relatively brief educational intervention based on HBM principles led to a significant improvement in CVD risk factors among police officers. Further research is needed to corroborate the effectiveness of this intervention.
Summary

Citations

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  • Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome among Police Officers in Kozhikode Corporation
    Aparna Padmanabhan, Jayakrishnan Thayyil, G Alan, Siju Kumar
    Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2024; 28(1): 45.     CrossRef
  • Effect of educational intervention on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among school teachers: a quasi-experimental study in a suburb of Kolkata, West Bengal, India
    Anubrata Karmakar, Aritra Bhattacharyya, Bijit Biswas, Aparajita Dasgupta, Lina Bandyopadhyay, Bobby Paul
    BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • An Intervention Program Using the Health Belief Model to Modify Lifestyle in Coronary Heart Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial
    Mohsen Saffari, Hormoz Sanaeinasab, Hojat Rashidi-jahan, Fardin Aghazadeh, Mehdi Raei, Fatemeh Rahmati, Faten Al Zaben, Harold G. Koenig
    International Journal of Behavioral Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of educational intervention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertension with application of health belief model: A quasi-experimental study
    Fatemeh Mohammadkhah, Abbas Shamsalinia, Fatemeh Rajabi, Pooyan Afzali Hasirini, Ali Khani Jeihooni
    JRSM Cardiovascular Disease.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Assessment of Compliance with Healthy Lifestyle Standards by the Instructional Staff of Higher Educational Institutions
    Ivan М. Okhrimenko, Viacheslav V. Zasenko, Olena V. Chebotaryova, Alla L. Dushka, Andrii V. Lapin, Nataliia O. Kvitka, Iryna A. Holovanovа
    Acta Balneologica.2022; 64(5): 463.     CrossRef
  • Educational interventions in relation to the level of physical activities for police officers: a systematic literature review
    Cleise Cristine Ribeiro Borges Oliveira, Carla Tatiane Oliveira Silva, Carolina de Souza-Machado, Fernanda Carneiro Mussi, Ana Carla Carvalho Coelho, Cláudia Geovana Da Silva Pires
    International Journal for Innovation Education and Research.2022; 10(12): 301.     CrossRef
Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Intimate Partner Violence in a Nationally Representative Sample of Korean Men
Riccardo Ferraresso
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(2):135-142.   Published online February 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.292
  • 4,008 View
  • 139 Download
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
In recent years, multiple studies have investigated the issue of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Korea. However, most of those studies have focused on IPV against women, while overlooking the problem of men IPV victimization. Considering this, the current study identified risk and protective factors for IPV and examined their influence on IPV victimization among Korean men.
Methods
We used a nationally representative sample of 1668 Korean men from the 2013 Korea National Survey on Domestic Violence. The associations between potential IPV risk factors and different types of IPV were investigated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Specifically, separate analyses were conducted of 5 types of IPV (neglect, controlling behaviors, emotional violence, economic violence, and physical violence).
Results
The prevalence of IPV among Korean men and women showed only marginal gender differences. Controlling behaviors (men, 23.3%; women, 23.9%) and emotional violence (men, 16.5%; women, 18.8%) were the most common types of IPV reported, followed by neglect (men, 11.2%; women, 11.7%). Separate logistic regression analyses for the 5 subtypes of IPV revealed that mutual IPV was a strong predictor of IPV. Men who abused their wives were more likely to experience neglect (odds ratio [OR], 29.24; p<0.01), controlling behaviors (OR, 36.61; p<0.01), emotional violence (OR, 58.07; p<0.01), economic violence (OR, 18.78; p<0.01), and physical violence (OR, 38.09; p<0.01).
Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that IPV intervention strategies should particularly focus on couples whose relationship is characterized by patterns of bidirectional violence.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors Associated With Willingness To Report Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) to Police in South Korea
    Chunrye Kim, Riccardo Ferraresso
    Journal of Interpersonal Violence.2022; 37(13-14): NP10862.     CrossRef
  • Ugandan Men Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Nationally Representative Data
    Jacinta Waila, Herman Lule, Michael Lowery Wilson, Till Bärnighausen, Anne Abio
    Journal of Prevention.2022; 43(4): 567.     CrossRef
Association Between Atrial Fibrillation and the Risk of Dementia in the Korean Elderly: A 10-Year Nationwide Cohort Study
Min-Ah Nah, Kyeong Soo Lee, Tae-Yoon Hwang
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(1):56-63.   Published online January 3, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.117
  • 4,638 View
  • 172 Download
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Objectives
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the risk of dementia in the Korean elderly.
Methods
A 10-year retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort database. We excluded those who were under 65 years of age as of January 2006 (n=46 113), those who were diagnosed with dementia between 2002 and 2005 (n=9086), and those with a history of stroke prior to AF diagnosis (n=8392). We used a Cox proportional hazards model with a time-varying covariate to determine whether AF is associated with the risk of dementia after adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
In univariable Cox regression, the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia according to AF status was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 1.33). After adjusting for potential confounders, AF was found to increase the risk of dementia (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.17), Alzheimer dementia (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.17), and vascular dementia (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.18). In patients diagnosed with AF, the incidence of dementia was lower (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.52) in patients who were treated with oral anticoagulants.
Conclusions
Investigating the potential risk factors of dementia in an aged society is important. We found a slightly higher risk of dementia in those with AF than in those without AF, and we therefore concluded that AF is a potential risk factor for dementia.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구에서는 국민건강보험공단 노인표본코호트 자료를 사용하여 심방세동의 유무가 치매의 발생위험과 연관되어 있는지 분석하였다. 잠재적인 교란변수들을 통제하여 분석한 결과 심방세동은 치매(HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.17), 알츠하이머 치매(HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.17), 혈관성 치매(HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.18) 발생과 연관되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한 편, 심방세동 환자에서의 항응고제 복용은 치매 발생위험(HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.52)을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.

Citations

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  • Effects of risk factors on the development and mortality of early- and late-onset dementia: an 11-year longitudinal nationwide population-based cohort study in South Korea
    Min Young Chun, Wonjeong Chae, Sang Won Seo, Hyemin Jang, Jihwan Yun, Duk L. Na, Dongwoo Kang, Jungkuk Lee, Dustin B. Hammers, Liana G. Apostolova, Sung-In Jang, Hee Jin Kim
    Alzheimer's Research & Therapy.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Progressive Memory Decline in a Patient With Atrial Septal Defect: Case Report and Literature Review
    Yaw Amo Wiafe, Gordon Manu Amponsah, George Asafu Adjaye Frimpong, Isaac Kofi Owusu
    Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports.2023; 16: 117954762311767.     CrossRef
  • FIBRILAÇÃO ATRIAL E DEMÊNCIA VASCULAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
    Caroline Melo de Sousa, Milena Nunes Alves Sousa, Fabrício Kleber de Lucena Carvalho
    Revista Contemporânea.2022; 2(3): 739.     CrossRef
  • A systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine the effect of oral anticoagulants on incidence of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation
    Mingjie Lin, Wenqiang Han, Jingquan Zhong, Lin Wu
    International Journal of Clinical Practice.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Risk of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation: Short versus long follow‐up. A systematic review and meta‐analysis
    Marco Zuin, Loris Roncon, Angelina Passaro, Cristina Bosi, Carlo Cervellati, Giovanni Zuliani
    International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.2021; 36(10): 1488.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Utility of the Pathogenesis-Related Proteins in Alzheimer’s Disease
    Bin Zhou, Masanori Fukushima
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(22): 8661.     CrossRef
Probability of Early Retirement Among Emergency Physicians
Jaemyeong Shin, Yun Jeong Kim, Jong Kun Kim, Dong Eun Lee, Sungbae Moon, Jae Young Choe, Won Kee Lee, Hyung Min Lee, Kwang Hyun Cho
J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(3):154-162.   Published online May 17, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.079
  • 6,765 View
  • 142 Download
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
Early retirement occurs when one’s job satisfaction suffers due to employment mismatch resulting from factors such as inadequate compensation. Medical doctors report high levels of job stress and burnout relative to other professionals. These levels are highest among emergency physicians (EPs), and despite general improvements in their working conditions, early retirement continues to become more common in this population. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing EPs intention to retire early and to develop a probability equation for its prediction.
Methods
A secondary analysis of data from the 2015 Korean Society of Emergency Physicians Survey was performed. The variables potentially influencing early retirement were organized into personal characteristics, extrinsic factors, and intrinsic factors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors and to develop a probability equation; these findings were then arranged in a nomogram.
Results
Of the 377 survey respondents included in the analysis, 48.0% intended to retire early. Risk factors for early retirement included level of satisfaction with the specialty and its outlook, slanderous reviews, emergency room safety, health status, workload intensity, age, and hospital type. Intrinsic factors (i.e., slanderous reviews and satisfaction with the specialty and its outlook) had a stronger influence on early retirement than did extrinsic factors.
Conclusions
To promote career longevity among EPs, it is vital to improve emergency room safety and workload intensity, to enhance medical professionalism through a stronger vision of emergency medicine, and to strengthen the patient-doctor relationship.
Summary

Citations

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  • Determining the research priorities for emergency care within the Western Cape province of South Africa: A consensus study
    Robert Holliman, Lee Wallis, Colleen Saunders
    African Journal of Emergency Medicine.2024; 14(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Emergency physician professionalism versus wellness: A conceptual model
    Jay M. Brenner, Chadd Kraus, Rebecca R. Goett, Monisha Dilip, Elizabeth P. Clayborne, Nick Kluesner
    Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Malaria Risk Factors in Kaligesing, Purworejo District, Central Java Province, Indonesia: A Case-control Study
Pratiwi Cahyaningrum, Sulistyawati Sulistyawati
J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(3):148-153.   Published online May 16, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.036
  • 7,005 View
  • 326 Download
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Malaria remains a public health concern worldwide, including Indonesia. Purworejo is a district in which endemic of malaria, they have re-setup to entering malaria elimination in 2021. Accordingly, actions must be taken to accelerate and guaranty that the goal will reach based on an understanding of the risk factors for malaria. Thus, we analysed malaria risk factors based on human and housing conditions in Kaligesing, Purworejo, Indonesia.
Methods
A case-control study was carried out in Kaligesing subdistrict, Purworejo, Indonesia in July to August 2017. A structured questionnaire and checklist were used to collect data from 96 participants, who consisted of 48 controls and 48 cases. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed.
Results
Bivariate analysis found that education level, the presence of a cattle cage within 100 m of the house, not sleeping under a bednet the previous night, and not closing the doors and windows from 6 p.m. to 5 a.m. were significantly (p≤0.25) associated with malaria. Of these factors, only not sleeping under a bednet the previous night and not closing the doors and windows from 6 p.m. to 5 a.m. were significantly associated with malaria.
Conclusions
The findings of this study demonstrate that potential risk factor for Malaria should be paid of attention all the time, particularly for an area which is targeting Malaria elimination.
Summary

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    Sulistyawati SULISTYAWATI, Rokhmayanti ROKHMAYANTI, Fajar FATMAWATI
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Hazardous Alcohol Use in 2 Countries: A Comparison Between Alberta, Canada and Queensland, Australia
Diana C. Sanchez-Ramirez, Richard Franklin, Donald Voaklander
J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(5):311-319.   Published online July 14, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.040
  • 7,456 View
  • 135 Download
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This article aimed to compare alcohol consumption between the populations of Queensland in Australia and Alberta in Canada. Furthermore, the associations between greater alcohol consumption and socio-demographic characteristics were explored in each population. Methods: Data from 2500 participants of the 2013 Alberta Survey and the 2013 Queensland Social Survey were analyzed. Regression analyses were used to explore the associations between alcohol risk and socio-demographic characteristics. Results: A higher rate of hazardous alcohol use was found in Queenslanders than in Albertans. In both Albertans and Queenslanders, hazardous alcohol use was associated with being between 18 and 24 years of age. Higher income, having no religion, living alone, and being born in Canada were also associated with alcohol risk in Albertans; while in Queenslanders, hazardous alcohol use was also associated with common-law marital status. In addition, hazardous alcohol use was lower among respondents with a non-Catholic or Protestant religious affiliation. Conclusions: Younger age was associated with greater hazardous alcohol use in both populations. In addition, different socio-demographic factors were associated with hazardous alcohol use in each of the populations studied. Our results allowed us to identify the socio-demographic profiles associated with hazardous alcohol use in Alberta and Queensland. These profiles constitute valuable sources of information for local health authorities and policymakers when designing suitable preventive strategies targeting hazardous alcohol use. Overall, the present study highlights the importance of analyzing the socio-demographic factors associated with alcohol consumption in population-specific contexts.
Summary

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  • Relationship between attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and substance use among college students in southeastern Iran
    Mansoor Kodori, Sajjad Khosravi, Nadia Oroomiei, Maryam Abdoli, Morteza Ali Moradi, Tahereh Fani, Leili Abedi Gheshlaghi
    Journal of Substance Use.2023; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Predicting Hazardous Alcohol Drinking Behaviors in Family Members of Hazardous Alcohol-Drinker Patients
    Ching-Yen Chen, Chen-Chun Lin, Jung-Ta Kao, Wen-Ling Yeh, Chiao-Yun Lin, Yun-Fang Tsai
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 5497.     CrossRef
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    Habtamu Endashaw Hareru, Abdene Weya Kaso, Berhanu Gidisa Debela, Lulu Abebe, Daniel Sisay W/tsadik, Reta Kassa Abebe, Chalachew Kassaw
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    Tatiana Longo Borges, Ligiane Paula da Cruz de Sousa, Emilene Reisdorfer, Kelly Graziani Giacchero Vedana, Sandra Cristina Pillon, Adriana Inocenti Miasso
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    Behrad Pourmohammadi, Moahammad Ali Jalilvand
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Seroreactivity to Q Fever Among Slaughterhouse Workers in South Korea
Hyuk Chu, Seok-Ju Yoo, Kyu-Jam Hwang, Hyun-Sul Lim, Kwan Lee, Mi-Yeoun Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(3):195-200.   Published online May 11, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.017
  • 6,332 View
  • 167 Download
  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Q fever is a zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide; however, little is known about its prevalence in South Korea. We attempted to determine the prevalence of Q fever seroreactivity among Korean slaughterhouse workers and the risk factors for seroreactivity according to the type of work.
Methods
The study was conducted among 1503 workers at a total of 73 slaughterhouses and 62 residual-product disposal plants. During the study period, sites were visited and surveys were administered to employees involved in slaughterhouse work, and serological tests were performed on blood samples by indirect immunofluorescence assays. Serological samples were grouped by job classification into those of slaughter workers, residual-product handlers, inspectors and inspection assistants, and grading testers and testing assistants. Employee risk factors were analyzed according to the type of work.
Results
Out of 1481 study subjects who provided a blood sample, 151 (10.2%) showed reactive antibodies. When these results were analyzed in accordance with the type of work, the result of slaughter workers (11.3%) was similar to the result of residual-product handlers (11.4%), and the result of inspectors and assistants (5.3%) was similar to the result of grading testers and assistants (5.4%). Among those who answered in the affirmative to the survey question, “Has there been frequent contact between cattle blood and your mouth while working?” the proportions were 13.4 and 4.6%, respectively, and this was identified as a risk factor that significantly varied between job categories among slaughterhouse workers.
Conclusions
This study found a Q fever seroreactivity rate of 10.2% for slaughterhouse workers, who are known to be a high-risk population. Contact with cattle blood around the mouth while working was the differential risk factor between job categories among slaughterhouse workers.
Summary

Citations

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    Alireza Zakeri, Maryam Montaseri, Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush
    International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2023; 96(4): 597.     CrossRef
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Avoidable Burden of Risk Factors for Serious Road Traffic Crashes in Iran: A Modeling Study
Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Kamyar Mansori, Manoochehr Karami, Farid Zayeri, Reza Khosravi Shadman, Shiva Mansouri Hanis, Hamid Soori
J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(2):83-90.   Published online February 6, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.085
  • 7,242 View
  • 240 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The aim of this study was to model the avoidable burden of the risk factors of road traffic crashes in Iran and to prioritize interventions to reduce that burden.
Methods
The prevalence and the effect size of the risk factors were obtained from data documented by the traffic police of Iran in 2013. The effect size was estimated using an ordinal regression model. The potential impact fraction index was applied to calculate the avoidable burden in order to prioritize interventions. This index was calculated for theoretical, plausible, and feasible minimum risk level scenarios. The joint effects of the risk factors were then estimated for all the scenarios.
Results
The highest avoidable burdens in the theoretical, plausible, and feasible minimum risk level scenarios for the non-use of child restraints on urban roads were 52.25, 28.63, and 46.67, respectively. In contrast, the value of this index for speeding was 76.24, 37.00, and 62.23, respectively, for rural roads.
Conclusions
On the basis of the different scenarios considered in this research, we suggest focusing on future interventions to decrease the prevalence of speeding, the non-use of child restraints, the use of cell phones while driving, and helmet disuse, and the laws related to these items should be considered seriously.
Summary

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  • Safe Traffic Behaviors in Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
    Alireza Shahab Jahanlou, Laleh Hassani, Vahid Ranaei, Ghodratollah Roshanaei, Sonja Forward, Kristin Haglund, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai
    Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Reviews
Breast Density and Risk of Breast Cancer in Asian Women: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Jong-Myon Bae, Eun Hee Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(6):367-375.   Published online October 21, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.054
  • 15,112 View
  • 310 Download
  • 46 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The established theory that breast density is an independent predictor of breast cancer risk is based on studies targeting white women in the West. More Asian women than Western women have dense breasts, but the incidence of breast cancer is lower among Asian women. This meta-analysis investigated the association between breast density in mammography and breast cancer risk in Asian women.
Methods
PubMed and Scopus were searched, and the final date of publication was set as December 31, 2015. The effect size in each article was calculated using the interval-collapse method. Summary effect sizes (sESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by conducting a meta-analysis applying a random effect model. To investigate the dose-response relationship, random effect dose-response meta-regression (RE-DRMR) was conducted.
Results
Six analytical epidemiology studies in total were selected, including one cohort study and five case-control studies. A total of 17 datasets were constructed by type of breast density index and menopausal status. In analyzing the subgroups of premenopausal vs. postmenopausal women, the percent density (PD) index was confirmed to be associated with a significantly elevated risk for breast cancer (sES, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.52 to 3.21; I2=50.0%). The RE-DRMR results showed that the risk of breast cancer increased 1.73 times for each 25% increase in PD in postmenopausal women (95% CI, 1.20 to 2.47).
Conclusions
In Asian women, breast cancer risk increased with breast density measured using the PD index, regardless of menopausal status. We propose the further development of a breast cancer risk prediction model based on the application of PD in Asian women.
Summary

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The Effect of Breastfeeding Duration and Parity on the Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Ho Kyung Sung, Seung Hyun Ma, Ji-Yeob Choi, Yunji Hwang, Choonghyun Ahn, Byoung-Gie Kim, Yong-Man Kim, Jae Weon Kim, Sokbom Kang, Jaehoon Kim, Tae Jin Kim, Keun-Young Yoo, Daehee Kang, Suekyung Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(6):349-366.   Published online September 8, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.066
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize current evidence regarding the association of parity and duration of breastfeeding with the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).
Methods
A systematic search of relevant studies published by December 31, 2015 was performed in PubMed and EMBASE. A random-effect model was used to obtain the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
Thirty-two studies had parity categories of 1, 2, and ≥3. The summary RRs for EOC were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65 to 0.79), 0.57 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.65), and 0.46 (95% CI, 0.41 to 0.52), respectively. Small to moderate heterogeneity was observed for one birth (p<0.01; Q=59.46; I2=47.9%). Fifteen studies had breastfeeding categories of <6 months, 6-12 months, and >13 months. The summary RRs were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.87), 0.72 (95% CI, 0.64 to 0.81), and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.56 to 0.79), respectively. Only small heterogeneity was observed for <6 months of breastfeeding (p=0.17; Q=18.79, I2=25.5%). Compared to nulliparous women with no history of breastfeeding, the joint effects of two births and <6 months of breastfeeding resulted in a 0.5-fold reduced risk for EOC.
Conclusions
The first birth and breastfeeding for <6 months were associated with significant reductions in EOC risk.
Summary

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Helicobacter pylori Infection and Risk of Gastric Cancer in Korea: A Quantitative Systematic Review
Jong-Myon Bae, Eun Hee Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(4):197-204.   Published online July 7, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.024
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
In the context of the global decrease in mortality due to gastric cancer, previous studies have reported that the effect of chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on the incidence of gastric cancer varies among regions. This systematic review was conducted to investigate H. pylori as a risk factor for gastric cancer in Korea, where the incidence of gastric cancer is among the highest in the world.
Methods
A search strategy was established to identify articles published in Korean as well as in English. Ultimately, we included observational studies conducted among Korean patients that designed with an age-matched and sex-matched control group that reported the odds ratio associated with H. pylori. Gastric cancer cases were subdivided into overall (OGC), cardia (CGC), non-cardia (NGC), early (EGC), advanced, intestinal (IGC), and diffuse forms of gastric cancer. Summary odds ratios (SORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in the meta-analysis using a random-effect model.
Results
Eleven case-control studies were ultimately selected. H. pylori was associated with an SOR of 1.81 (95% CI, 1.29 to 2.54) for OGC. Additionally, statistically significant risks were observed for CGC, NGC, EGC, and IGC.
Conclusions
Chronic H. pylori infection was found to raise the risk of gastric cancer among Koreans, with the highest risk observed for CGC and EGC (SOR=2.88 for both). Follow-up clinical epidemiologic studies are needed to assess the effects of current treatments aimed at eradicating H. pylori infections.
Summary

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    Molecular and Clinical Oncology.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Kwang‐Pil Ko, Aesun Shin, Sooyoung Cho, Sue K Park, Keun‐Young Yoo
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2018; 33(1): 111.     CrossRef
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  • Family history of gastric cancer is associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in Korean population
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    Digestive and Liver Disease.2017; 49(10): 1155.     CrossRef
  • Association between alcohol consumption and the risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
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JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health