Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Original Articles

Socio-demographic Determinants of Low Physical Activity in Peruvian Adults: Results of a Population-based Survey Performed in 2017-2018: Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández; J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(6):461-470. Published online November 7, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.418

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Objectives
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of low physical activity (PA) in Peruvian adults and to identify associated factors.
Methods
An analytical study was performed using data from the 2017-2018 Nutritional Food Surveillance by Life Stages survey. The outcome variable was low PA (yes or no), assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form. Prevalence ratios were estimated as a measure of association.
Results
Among the 1045 persons included in the analysis, the age-standardized prevalence of low PA was 61.9%. The adjusted model showed that being female and migrating from a rural to an urban area in the last 5 years were associated with a higher probability of having low PA than males and individuals who had not migrated, while residing in rural highlands and jungle areas was associated with a reduced probability of having low PA compared to people residing in other geographic domains.
Conclusions
Being a female and migration from a rural to an urban area in the last 5 years were associated with a higher likelihood of having low PA. Therefore, promotion and prevention strategies related to PA are required, especially in the female and migrant populations.

Summary

Citations

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Individualized Biological Age as a Predictor of Disease: Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Cohort
Seokyung An, Choonghyun Ahn, Sungji Moon, Eun Ji Sim, Sue-Kyung Park
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(3): 505. CrossRef
Association between Altitude and the Framingham Risk Score: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Peruvian Adult Population
Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández, Manuel Chacón-Diaz
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(7): 3838. CrossRef
Prevalence of Prehypertension and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Profiles among Adults in Peru: Findings from a Nationwide Population-Based Study
Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(13): 7867. CrossRef

The Effects of a 7000-Step Goal and Weekly Group Walking Program for Overweight and Obese Elderly People in Sarawak, Malaysia: A Quasi-experimental Study: Mohd Fakhree Saad, Whye Lian Cheah, Helmy Hazmi; J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(3):199-207. Published online April 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.584

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Physical inactivity is the fourth leading global risk factor for mortality, followed by obesity. The combination of these risk factors is associated with non-communicable diseases, impaired physical function, and declining mental function. The World Health Organization recommends physical activity to reduce the mortality rate. Thus, this study examined the effects on anthropometric measurements of a 12-week walking program for elderly people in Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia with a 7000-step goal and weekly group walking activities.
Methods
A quasi-experimental study was conducted involving 109 elderly people with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m². BMI, body composition, and average daily steps were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, and repeated-measures analysis of variance with the paired t-test for post-hoc analysis was conducted.
Results
In total, 48 participants in the intervention group and 61 participants in the control group completed the study. A significant interaction was found between time and group. The post-hoc analysis showed a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention (within the intervention group). The post-intervention analysis revealed an increase in the mean number of daily steps by 3571.59, with decreases in body weight (-2.20 kg), BMI (-0.94 kg/m²), body fat percentage (-3.52%), visceral fat percentage (-1.29%) and waist circumference (-2.91 cm). Skeletal muscle percentage also showed a significant increase (1.67%).
Conclusions
A 12-week walking program combining a 7000-step goals with weekly group walking activities had a significant effect on the anthropometric measurements of previously inactive and overweight/obese elderly people.

Summary

Citations

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Promoting Physical Activity in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes via an Anthropomorphic Conversational Agent: Development of an Evidence and Theory-Based Multi-Behavior Intervention
Nuno Pimenta, Isa Brito Félix, Diogo Monteiro, Marta Moreira Marques, Mara Pereira Guerreiro
Frontiers in Psychology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Systematic Review of Physical Activity Intervention Programs in ASEAN Countries: Efficacy and Future Directions
Yi-Shin Lee, Michael Chia, John Komar
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 5357. CrossRef
Socio-demographic Determinants of Low Physical Activity in Peruvian Adults: Results of a Population-based Survey Performed in 2017-2018
Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2021; 54(6): 461. CrossRef

Self-efficacy to Engage in Physical Activity and Overcome Barriers, Sedentary Behavior, and Their Relation to Body Mass Index Among Elderly Indonesians With Diabetes: Qonita Rachmah, Stefania Widya Setyaningtyas, Mahmud Aditya Rifqi, Diah Indriani, Triska Susila Nindya, Hario Megatsari, Trias Mahmudiono, Wantanee Kriengsinyos; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(4):242-249. Published online July 2, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.003

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Elderly individuals with diabetes should maintain a normal body mass index (BMI) to help control their blood glucose levels. This study investigated barriers to physical activity (PA), self-efficacy to overcome those barriers, and PA self-efficacy among elderly individuals with diabetes in relation to BMI.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 56 participants. Data were collected by a questionnaire interview and direct measurements for anthropometric data. PA self-efficacy was measured using 8 questions describing different levels of PA, where participants rated the strength of their belief that they could engage in that activity. Self-efficacy to overcome barriers was measured using 10 questions capturing participants’ confidence in their ability to engage in PA despite different possible barriers. Mean scores for these parameters were analyzed using the chi-square test and the independent t-test.
Results
In total, 89.3% of participants had a low PA level and 58.9% had more than 3 hours of sedentary activity per day. Furthermore, 55.4% were obese and 14.3% were overweight. The mean scores for PA self-efficacy and self-efficacy to overcome barriers were 59.1± 26.4 and 52.5±13.8, respectively. PA level was related to BMI (p<0.001; r=0.116) and sedentary activity (p<0.05; r=0.274). PA self-efficacy and age were not related to BMI. Barriers to PA were associated with PA levels (p<0.05).
Conclusions
Physical inactivity was a major problem in elderly individuals with diabetes, and was correlated with higher BMI. Lower levels of PA might be mediated by sedentary activity.

Summary

Citations

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Implications on self-care behaviors among older Korean immigrants diagnosed with diabetes residing in the United States: a path analytical approach
Jung Eun Kim, Ying Hong Jiang, Vivien Dee
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Theory of Planned Behavior Approach on Complementary Feeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Qonita Rachmah, Junaida Astina, Dominikus Raditya Atmaka, Leli Khairani, Chiara Leoni
International Journal of Pediatrics.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
The application of social cognitive theory (SCT) to the mHealth diabetes physical activity (PA) app to control blood sugar levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Takalar regency
Zainuddin, Andi Zulkifli Abdullah, Nurhaedar Jafar, Suriah, Nursalam, Darmawansyah, Syahrul Syahrul, Wahiduddin, Fransiskus Xaverius Widiantoro, Rizal Irfandi
Journal of Public Health Research.2023; 12(2): 227990362311727. CrossRef
Classroom-Based Physical Activity as a Means to Improve Self-Efficacy and Academic Achievement among Normal-Weight and Overweight Youth
Francesca Latino, Francesco Tafuri, Emma Saraiello, Domenico Tafuri
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Mariana Wingood, Jonathan F. Bean, Amy M. Linsky
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Examining physical activity participation barriers among adults 50 years and older: a scoping review
Mariana Wingood, Michelle G. Criss, Kent E. Irwin, Patricia M. Bamonti, Rebekah Harris, Emma L. Phillips, Jennifer L. Vincenzo, Kevin K. Chui
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Firman Sugiharto, Aan Nuraeni, Yanny Trisyani, Azalia Putri, Nuraulia Armansyah, Asroful Zamroni
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Gülseren YÜREKLİ, Behsat SAVAS, Fatma ÇELİK KAYAPINAR
CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi.2023; 18(2): 803. CrossRef
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Qonita Rachmah, Tri Martiana, Mulyono, Indriati Paskarini, Endang Dwiyanti, Noeroel Widajati, Meirina Ernawati, Yustinus D Ardyanto, Abdul R. Tualeka, Dani N. Haqi, Shintia Y. Arini, Putri A. Alayyannur
Journal of Public Health Research.2022; 11(1): jphr.2021.2312. CrossRef
Regular Exercise and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults
Young-Mee Kim, Sung-il Cho
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(1): 303. CrossRef
Self-efficacy in physical activity and glycemic control among older adults with diabetes in Jagir Subdistrict, Surabaya, Indonesia
Trias Mahmudiono, Stefania W. Setyaningtyas, Qonita Rachmah, Triska S. Nindya, Hario Megatsari, Diah Indriani, Mahmud A. Rifqi, Wantanee Kriengsinyos
Heliyon.2021; 7(7): e07578. CrossRef
The Influence of Physical Education on Self-Efficacy in Overweight Schoolgirls: A 12-Week Training Program
Francesca Latino, Stefania Cataldi, Valerio Bonavolontà, Roberto Carvutto, Michele De Candia, Francesco Fischetti
Frontiers in Psychology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of Social Support on Physical Activity in Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Exercise Self-Efficacy
Zhanbing Ren, Linlin Hu, Jane Yu, Qian Yu, Sitong Chen, Yudan Ma, Jingyuan Lin, Lin Yang, Xiaoyun Li, Liye Zou
Children.2020; 7(3): 23. CrossRef

Objectively Measured Physical Activity of Vietnamese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities to Intervene: Vuong Van Do, Jonine Jancey, Ngoc Minh Pham, Chung Thanh Nguyen, Minh Van Hoang, Andy H. Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(2):101-108. Published online February 22, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.213

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
To objectively determine and compare the physical activity (PA) levels of adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and adults without T2D in Vietnam using an accelerometer.
Methods
A total of 120 participants with newly diagnosed T2D and 120 adults without T2D were recruited from a large hospital in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. All participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer for at least 5 days, including 1 weekend day. Freedson cut-off points were used to estimate different intensities of PA. In addition, comparisons between groups were made with respect to achieving the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) recommended PA guidelines.
Results
Men with T2D had significantly lower levels of PA than men without T2D. The respective multivariable-adjusted mean values of daily step count, daily light-intensity, moderate-intensity, and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA were approximately 14%, 19%, and 22% lower in the men with T2D than in their non-T2D counterparts. However, women with T2D accumulated a greater number of steps per day than women without T2D. Only 59.2% of the adults with T2D met the minimum recommended level of PA (WHO and IDF), compared to 74.2% of adults without T2D (p<0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with T2D experienced 50.0% significantly lower odds of achieving PA recommendations.
Conclusions
Vietnamese men with T2D were less physically active than those without T2D, and adults with T2D were less likely to meet PA guidelines. The results suggest a need for integrating PA into the self-management of this chronic condition.

Summary

Citations

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Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Data Sets (Global Physical Activity Data Set Catalogue) That Include Markers of Cardiometabolic Health: Systematic Scoping Review
Jonah J C Thomas, Amanda J Daley, Dale W Esliger, Victoria E Kettle, April Coombe, Emmanuel Stamatakis, James P Sanders
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2023; 25: e45599. CrossRef
Association Between Risk for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Among Faculty Members and Administrative Staff of a Saudi University
Abdullah I Al Shuwaysh, Eduardo L Fabella, Mohammed Al Hassan, Yasser Taher Al Hassan, Abdullah Al Hassan, Hussam Al Majed, Ahmad Al Nahwi, Hassan Al Howayshel, Ali Al Abdi
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Physical Activity Assessment of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Using Accelerometer-Based Cut Points: Scoping Review
Ioana A Moldovan, Alexa Bragg, Anna S Nidhiry, Barbara A De La Cruz, Suzanne E Mitchell
Interactive Journal of Medical Research.2022; 11(2): e34433. CrossRef
Sex Differences in Physical Activity Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Across the Life Span: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Mary O. Whipple, Ana J. Pinto, Layla A. Abushamat, Audrey Bergouignan, Kristina Chapman, Amy G. Huebschmann, Kevin S. Masters, Kristen J. Nadeau, Rebecca L. Scalzo, Irene E. Schauer, Deirdre Rafferty, Jane E.B. Reusch, Judith G. Regensteiner
Diabetes Care.2022; 45(9): 2163. CrossRef
Walking activity in a large cohort of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Donovan J. Lott, Tanja Taivassalo, Claudia R. Senesac, Rebecca J. Willcocks, Ann M. Harrington, Kirsten Zilke, Hilary Cunkle, Catherine Powers, Erika L. Finanger, William D. Rooney, Gihan I. Tennekoon, Krista Vandenborne
Muscle & Nerve.2021; 63(2): 192. CrossRef
Effectiveness of a Singaporean Community-Based Physical Activity and Nutrition Intervention: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Elaine Yee-Sing Wong, Anthony P. James, Andy H. Lee, Jonine Jancey
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2021; 33(2-3): 196. CrossRef
Physical Activity and Plasma Glucose Control among Diabetic Patients Attending Outpatients Clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam
Tam Ngoc Nguyen, Tam Thi Nguyen, Maria Hagströmer, Thang Pham, Ingeborg van der Ploeg, Carl Johan Sundberg, Huyen Thi Thanh Vu
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(3): 1182. CrossRef

Cardiovascular Disease–related Health Beliefs and Lifestyle Issues Among Karen Refugees Resettled in the United States From the Thai-Myanmar (Burma) Border: Akiko Kamimura, Kai Sin, Mu Pye, Hsien-Wen Meng; J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(6):386-392. Published online November 2, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.098

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Refugees resettled in the US may be at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, little is known about CVD-related issues among Karen refugees who have migrated to the US from the Thai-Myanmar border. The purpose of this study was to examine CVD-related health beliefs and lifestyle issues among Karen refugees resettled in the US.
Methods
Karen refugees resettled in the US from the Thai-Myanmar border (n=195) participated in a survey study on health beliefs related to CVD, salt intake, physical activity (PA), and smoking in the fall of 2016.
Results
A high-salt diet, physical inactivity, and smoking were major lifestyle problems. Participants who adhered to a low-salt diet considered themselves to be susceptible to CVD. Most participants did not engage in regular PA. Regular PA was associated with less perceived susceptibility to CVD and greater perceived benefits of a healthy lifestyle for decreasing the likelihood of CVD.
Conclusions
Each refugee population may require individualized strategies to promote PA and a healthy diet. Future studies should develop health education programs that are specifically designed for Karen refugees and evaluate such programs. In addition to health education programs on healthy lifestyle choices, tobacco cessation programs seem to be necessary for Karen refugees. At the same time, it is important to foster strategies to increase the utilization of preventive care among this population by promoting free or reduced-fee resources in the community to further promote their health.

Summary

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Health status and Healthcare Access of Southeast Asian refugees in the United States: An integrative review
So Hyeon Bang, Ya‐Ching Huang, Hsuan‐Ju Kuo, Emma S. Cho, Alexandra A. García
Public Health Nursing.2023; 40(2): 324. CrossRef
Breaking the barriers: The impact of health information and cultural factors on immigrant health in the Nordic countries
Hamed Ahmadinia
Library & Information Science Research.2023; 45(3): 101253. CrossRef
Long-Term Physical Health Outcomes of Resettled Refugee Populations in the United States: A Scoping Review
Gayathri S. Kumar, Jenna A. Beeler, Emma E. Seagle, Emily S. Jentes
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health.2021; 23(4): 813. CrossRef
BeWell: quality assurance health promotion pilot
Linda A. Piwowarczyk, Fernando Ona
International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance.2019; 32(2): 321. CrossRef
Bibliometric analysis of global migration health research in peer-reviewed literature (2000–2016)
Waleed M. Sweileh, Kolitha Wickramage, Kevin Pottie, Charles Hui, Bayard Roberts, Ansam F. Sawalha, Saed H. Zyoud
BMC Public Health.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

Indoor Physical Activity Reduces All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Elderly Women: Soyoung Park, Joongyub Lee, Dong Yoon Kang, Chul Woo Rhee, Byung-Joo Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(1):21-28. Published online January 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.1.21

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a medium to high degree of total physical activity and indoor physical activity were associated with reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among elderly Korean women.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was done to evaluate the association between physical activity and mortality. The cohort was made up of elderly (≥65 years of age) subjects. Baseline information was collected with a self-administered questionnaire and linked to death certificates retrieved from a database. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) levels.

Results

Women who did not suffer from stroke, cancer, or ischemic heart disease were followed for a median of 8 years (n=5079). A total of 1798 all-cause deaths were recorded, of which 607 (33.8%) were due to cardiovascular disease. The group with the highest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity was significantly associated to a reduced all-cause mortality (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.71 and HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.67, respectively) compared to the group with the lowest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity. Additionally, the group with the highest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity was significantly associated to a lower cardiovascular disease mortality (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.71 and HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.67, respectively) compared to the group with the lowest level of total physical activity and indoor physical activity.

Conclusions

Our study showed that regular indoor physical activity among elderly Korean women has healthy benefits.

Summary

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Physical activity and odds of coronary heart disease among Lebanese women
Fatima Ghaddar, Rouba K Zeidan, Pascale Salameh, Françoise Maupas-Schwalm
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Contemporary and dynamic effects of socio-economic factors on physical (in)activity: Does intensity matter?
Christian M. García-Witulski
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
An SCM-G2SFCA Model for Studying Spatial Accessibility of Urban Parks
Zexu Zhou, Xuedong Zhang, Mengwei Li, Xuedi Wang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 20(1): 714. CrossRef
Urban green space quality and older adult recreation: an international comparison
Faysal Kabir Shuvo, Xiaoqi Feng, Thomas Astell-Burt
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The Beneficial Role of Exercise Training for Myocardial Infarction Treatment in Elderly
Ying Xing, Si-Dong Yang, Man-Man Wang, Ya-Shuo Feng, Fang Dong, Feng Zhang
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Nzechukwu M. Isiozor, Setor K. Kunutsor, Ari Voutilainen, Sudhir Kurl, Jussi Kauhanen, Jari A. Laukkanen
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Level of moderate-intensity leisure-time physical activity and reduced mortality in middle-aged and elderly Chinese
Ying Liu, Wanqing Wen, Yu-Tang Gao, Hong-Lan Li, Gong Yang, Yong-Bing Xiang, Xiao-Ou Shu, Wei Zheng
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Association of leisure-time physical activity with total and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of nearly a half million adults in the Asia Cohort Consortium
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Even a low-dose of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity reduces mortality by 22% in adults aged ≥60 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis
David Hupin, Frédéric Roche, Vincent Gremeaux, Jean-Claude Chatard, Mathieu Oriol, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, Jean-Claude Barthélémy, Pascal Edouard
British Journal of Sports Medicine.2015; 49(19): 1262. CrossRef
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Camila Fabiana Rossi Squarcini, Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha, Hector Luiz Rodrigues Munaro, Tânia Rosane Bertoldo Benedetti, Fabio Araujo Almeida
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Trends in Body Mass Index and Associations With Physical Activity Among Career Soldiers in South Korea: Kyoung-Ki Bae, Ho Kim, Sung-Il Cho; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(4):167-175. Published online July 29, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.4.167

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Abstract PDF

Objective

This study was designed to describe the trends in body mass index (BMI) during 6 years (2002 - 2008) and to identify associations between these trends and the amount of physical activity of South Korean career soldiers.

Method

This study targeted the 40 993 (38 857 men and 2136 women) of the 58 657 career soldiers who had undergone four (2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008) biennial medical examinations conducted by the National Health Insurance Corporation; 17 664 soldiers with missing data on height, weight, and physical activity were excluded. A linear mixed-regression model was used to categorize changes in BMI due to age versus those due to amount of physical activity.

Results

Career soldiers experienced significant increases in BMI compared with baseline data gathered in 2002. The increases in each age group were as follows: men aged 20- 29: 1.16, men aged 30 - 39: 0.61, men aged 40 - 49: 0.05, women aged 20- 29: 0.35, women aged 30- 39: 0.30, women aged 40-49: 0.26, and women aged 50- 59: 0.21. However, men aged 50 or older showed significant decreases (as high as 0.5) in BMI compared with baseline data obtained in 2002. They also experienced significant decreases in BMI compared with those who reported no physical activity. The differences between baseline and final BMIs were: 0.02 for men exercising 1- 2 times per week, -0.07 for men exercising 3-4 times per week, -0.19 for men exercising 5-6 times per week, -0.21 for men exercising seven times per week, -0.05 for women exercising 1- 2 times per week, -0.19 for women exercising 3- 4 times per week, -0.30 for women exercising 5-6 times per week, and -0.30 for women exercising seven times per week.

Conclusions

Obesity in South Korean career soldiers increased markedly between 2002 and 2008, and our data showed that the amount of physical activity was inversely related to increases in BMI. Policies to prevent obesity are needed to reduce this trend.

Summary

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Effects of military life on changes in body mass index of enlisted men: a cross-sectional study
Bb Ni Lee, S W Bae, S Y Oh, J H Yoon, J Roh, J U Won
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Nutrients.2020; 12(1): 242. CrossRef

English Abstract

Suggestions for Increasing Physical Activity Levels of Korean Older Adults: A Public Health Perspective.: Seung Youn Hong; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(4):362-365.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.4.362

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Abstract PDF

2010 is the year when the Korean baby boomer generation faces retirement. With the need for affective strategies to keep this population healthy, the government has placed much effort to increase the regular physical activity (PA) level of older adults. Yet the prevalence of active seniors is still relatively low. This paper reviews the recent government strategies and efforts to enhance the physical activity levels of older adults and the PA programs provided in the community settings by major organizations and institutions. In addition, the problems of the current approaches are shown, and based on a review, the author provides five suggestions for promoting the PA level of older adults as follows. First, specific physical activity goals and objectives for older adults should be included in the National Health Plan 2020. Second, the recommendations for PA for seniors, which include a proper intensity, duration and frequency of exercise, should be provided. Third, the role of organizations and institutions should be rearranged for the proper dissemination of government provided community-based exercise programs. Fourth, a standard quality-control system should be provided, and finally, an evidence-based exercise program, which should be specifically created for the older Korean population, should be developed. Physical activity offers opportunities for people to extend the years of their active independent life and reduce functional limitations. To maximize the effects of government efforts to promote PA for seniors, we feel the comments provided in this paper should be closely examined.

Summary

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Clustering of multiple healthy lifestyles among older Korean adults living in the community
Yunhwan Lee, Joung Hwan Back, Jinhee Kim, Haewon Byeon, Seihee Kim, Mikyung Ryu
Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2012; 12(3): 515. CrossRef

Original Article

Relationship between Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Vigorous Physical Activity among Adult Seoul Residents.: Chung Gun Lee, Youngtae Cho; J Prev Med Public Health. 2009;42(4):215-222.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2009.42.4.215

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
Vigorous physical activity is a well-known method to promote people s health. This research aims to investigate whether perceived neighborhood characteristics affect vigorous physical activity among adult Seoul residents (aged 19 to 64). METHODS: Utilizing the 2005 Seoul Citizens Health Indicators Survey data, this study estimates the probability of vigorous physical activity. Particular attention is given to the effects of three perceived neighborhood characteristics (satisfaction with relationship to the neighborhood, satisfaction with park and recreational facilities, and satisfaction with public security). Logistic regression models are analyzed separately by gender for the parameter estimation. RESULTS: Vigorous physical activity is positively associated with three perceived neighborhood characteristics for women, while neither significant nor substantive association is found for men. CONCLUSIONS: As vigorous physical activity among Seoul citizens is differentially affected by perceived neighborhood characteristics and by gender, a different approach will be needed to increase vigorous physical activity of men and women in Seoul.

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Effect of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) Measures on Active Living and Fear of Crime
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Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2011; 53(3): 274. CrossRef

English Abstract

The Relationship between Physical Activity and Clustering of Metabolic Abnormalities in Children.: Hyun Jin Son, Mi Kyung Kim, Hyun Ja Kim, Ho Kim, Bo Youl Choi; J Prev Med Public Health. 2008;41(6):427-433.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2008.41.6.427

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to assess the association between physical activity and the clustering of metabolic abnormalities among Korean children. The effect of substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for the time spent in inactivity was examined as well. METHODS: The study subjects were comprised of 692 (354 boys, 338 girls) 4th grade elementary school students. We used a modified form of the physical activity questionnaire that was developed in the Five-City Project. The subjects with clustering of metabolic abnormalities were defined as having two or more of the following five characteristics: waist circumference > or =90 %, systolic or diastolic blood pressure > or =90 %, fasting glucose > or =110 mg/dl, triglycerides > or =110 mg/dl and HDL cholesterol < or =40 mg/dl. We calculated the odds ratios to assess the effect of substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for time spent in inactivity. RESULTS: The risk of clustered metabolic abnormalities was inversely correlated with the increased time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity, but the correlation was not significant. The odds ratio for clustering of metabolic abnormalities that represented the effect of substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for 30minutes of sedentary activity was 0.87 (95% CI=0.76-1.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for sedentary activity could decrease the risk of clustered metabolic abnormalities.

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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Risk Factors Among Korean Adolescents
Mi-Ae You, Youn-Jung Son
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2012; 24(3): 464. CrossRef

Original Articles

A Cohort Study of Physical Activity and All Cause Mortality in Middle-aged Men in Seoul.: Dae Sung Kim, Hye Won Koo, Dong Hyon Kim, Jong Myon Bae, Myung Hee Shin, Moo Song Lee, Chung Min Lee, Yoon Ok Ahn; Korean J Prev Med. 1998;31(4):604-615.

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Abstract PDF: Although previous studies revealed the association of physical activity with mortality rate, it is unclear whether there is a linear trend between physical activity and mortality rate. In this study, the association of physical activity with the risk of all-cause mortality was analysed using Cox's proportional hazard model for a cohort of 14,204 healthy Korean men aged 40-59 years followed up for 4 years(Jan. 1993 - Dec. 1996). Physical activity and other life style were surveyed by a postal questionnaire in December 1992. Total of 14,204 subjects were grouped into quartiles by physical activity. Using death certificate data, 123 deaths were identified. The second most active quartile had a lowest mortality rate with relative risk of 0.44(95% C.I.: 0.23-0.84) compared with most sedentary quartile, showing a J-shape pattern of physical activity-mortality curve. By examining the difference in proportion of cause of the death between most active quartile and the other quartiles, there was no significant difference of proportional mortality from cardiovascular deaths, cerebrovascular deaths or deaths from trauma. The covariates were stratified into two group between which the trend of RR was compared to test the effect modification. There was no remarkable effect modification by alcohol intake, smoking, body mass index, calorie consumption, percent fat consumption. In conclusion, moderate activity was found to have more protective effect on all-cause mortality than vigorous activity and that the J-shape pattern of physical activity-mortality curve was not due to the difference of mortality pattern or effect modification by alcohol intake, smoking, body mass index, calorie consumption and percent fat consumption.; Summary

A Study on obesity pattern and related factors of the doctors.: Young Sil Kim, Hye Sook Park, Bong Su Cho, Yeong Wook Kim, Kwang Wook Koh, Soo Yong Kang, Ae Ri Cha, Cheol Ho Yi, In Kyung Hwang, Byung Mann Cho, Su Ill Lee, Don Kyoun Kim; Korean J Prev Med. 1997;30(4):708-718.

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Abstract PDF: The author surveyed overall obesity indicies and factors concerned with obesity such as dietary intake, physical activity, stress and life style with the subject of doctors. The number of subjects was total 508 with 396 men and 112 women. They were subgrouped into surgical part, medical part and service and basic part by speciality. And also subgrouped into intern and resident, pay doctor, and practitioner by working type. The results were as follows. 1) Obesity indices: BMI of total doctor was 23.1+/-2.8, and WHR was 0.87+/-0.08 and overweight prevalence(BMI>25.0) was 23.6 %. It was within normal limit but slightly over the Korean standard. The degree of obesity indices of subgroups by speciality was "surgical part > medical part > service and basic part", and by working type was "practitioner > pay doctor > intern and resident". 2) Dietary intake and Physical activity: Average dietary intake was 2148+/-451 kcal/day. The degree of dietary intake by speciality was "surgical part > medical part > service and basic part". By working type it was "practitioner > pay doctor > intern and resident". Average physical activity was 29+/-5 METs/day. The degree of physical activity also showed similar pattern. But there was no significant difference among each groups. 3) Comparison between over-weight and non-over-weight group: The items that showed significant difference between two groups were dietary intake, skip breakfast, regular exercise, smoking, heavy drinking, chronic disease etc.; Summary

Physical Fitness, Leisure Time Physical Activity, and Serum Lipid Levels in Middle-Aged Male Workers .: Jang Rak Kim, Bock Dong Nam, Ju Ho Kim, Song Kwan Lee, Joong Kap Moon, Jang Ho Lee, Dae Yong Hong; Korean J Prev Med. 1996;29(2):173-186.

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Abstract PDF: This is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the relationships between physical fitness, leisure time physical activity, and serum lipid levels in middle-aged male workers. Physical fitness was measured by a step test score, and leisure time physical activity was self-reported on a questionnaire. Serum total cholesterol was negatively related to physical fitness(r=-0.27), and positively to obesity index(r=0.27). But leisure time physical activity was related to total cholesterol negatively(r.-0.20) only in subjects whose total cholesterol levels were above 170mg/dl. High density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol was positively related to physical faintness(r=0.15), negatively to obesity index(r=-0.22), and positively to weekly alcohol consumption(r=0.14). Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio was related to physical fitness(r=-0.23), obesity index(r=0.32), total cigarette index (r=0.13), weekly alcohol consumption(r=-0.13), and vegetable preference(r=0.13) physical fitness was also related to leisure time physical activity(r=0.19) and obesity index(r=-0.18). In multiple linear regression models, physical fitness(beta= -0.23) and obesity index(beta=0.18) were significantly associated with total cholesterol, obesity index(beta=-0.25) with HDL cholesterol, and obesity index(beta=0.30), physical fitness(beta= -0.16) and vegetable preference (beta=0.14) with total cholesterol HDL cholesterol ratio. In conclusion, as physical fitness has a stronger relationship with serum lipid levels than leisure time physical activity, and the association between physical fitness and leisure time physical activity is modest, physical fitness should be added as an important variable in addition to activity in future epidemiologic studies.; Summary

Leisure time physical activity and its relationship to coronary risk factors in male workers.: Yun Kyeong Rho, Mi Hae Yeh, Sung Kook Lee, Byung Yeol Chun; Korean J Prev Med. 1993;26(3):332-346.

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Abstract PDF: This study was attempted to observe leisure time physical activity pattern and its relationship to coronary risk factors(BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar). Subjects participated in this study were 277 adult male workers of an industry in Kyungpook province, Korea. Energy expenditure were measured using modified Physical Activity History questionnaire of CARDIA study by interviewing. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and blood sugar level were tested with 5 ml fasting blood and height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Data on smoking and drinking habits and others were obtained. Geometric mean of leisure time physical energy expenditure were estimated as 212.80 kcal per week for study subjects and only 22.4% of them expended 2,000 kcal or more per week in leisure time physical activity. Taking walks or hikes and jogging or running were more frequent leisure time physical activities in study subjects. Statistically significant mean differences in total weekly leisure time physical activity for all coronary risk factors were not found among three groups. Because energy expenditure of leisure time was generally low in this subjects and most of them were healthy men, we did not found that leisure time physical activity was significantly associated with coronary risk factors.; Summary

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